Fleet routing

Turn-by-turn directions and routes created for two trucks making six deliveries using the routing service

What is fleet routing?

Fleet routing, also known as a vehicle routing problem (VRP), is the process of determining the most effective routes for a set of vehicles that need to visit a set of locations. It creates the overall minimum transportation cost.

You can use fleet routing to build applications such as:

  • A large furniture store might deliver goods from a central warehouse location.
  • A specialized grease recycling company might route trucks from a facility to pick up used grease from restaurants.
  • A health department might schedule daily inspection visits for each of its health inspectors.
  • A health care provider might want to find best routes to transport people from their homes to different hospitals for medical appointments.

How fleet routing works

The typical workflow for determining fleet routes is to:

  1. Define the locations to visit (orders).
  2. Define the start and end location for vehicles (depots).
  3. Define the travel mode (driving a car or truck).
  4. Use the service to find the best routes and directions for all vehicles.

URL requests

You can perform fleet routing by making an HTTPS request to the Fleet Routing service execute operation or by using client APIs. Specify the orders, depots, routes, and optionally, additional parameters such as the travel mode used when finding routes or if you need to generate driving directions.

Required parameters

Direct

Use for shorter transactions that complete in less than 5 minutes and optimize up to 2 routes and 100 orders.

Use dark colors for code blocksCopy
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https://logistics.arcgis.com/arcgis/rest/services/World/VehicleRoutingProblemSync/GPServer/EditVehicleRoutingProblem/execute?<parameters>

Key parameters

Name (Direct)Description
orders

A list of locations to visit with attributes such as the order name or the time required to complete the delivery at each order.

depots

The start and the return location for the vehicles.

routes

The characteristics and constraints for each vehicle. For example, the start and the return depot name, the maximum number of orders a vehicle is allowed to visit, and the total time the vehicle is allowed to operate.

travel_mode

The mode of transportation such as driving a car or a truck.

default_date

The date on which all of your routes start.

populate_directions

Generate driving directions for the routes.

Additional parameters: Solve complex fleet routing scenarios by specifying additional inputs such as route_renewals, order_pairs, breaks, route_zones or setting additional constraints when finding routes using time_window_factor, excess_transit_factor, spatially_cluster_routes.

Job

Use for longer transactions that can take up to 4 hours and optimize up to 100 routes and 2,000 orders.

Use dark colors for code blocksCopy
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https://logistics.arcgis.com/arcgis/rest/services/World/VehicleRoutingProblem/GPServer/SolveVehicleRoutingProblem/submitJob?<parameters>

Key parameters

Name (Job)Description
orders

A list of locations to visit with attributes such as the order name or the time required to complete the delivery at each order.

depots

The start and the return location for the vehicles.

routes

The characteristics and constraints for each vehicle. For example, the start and the return depot name, the maximum number of orders a vehicle is allowed to visit, and the total time the vehicle is allowed to operate.

travel_mode

The mode of transportation such as driving a car or a truck.

default_date

The date on which all of your routes start.

populate_directions

Generate driving directions for the routes.

Additional parameters: Solve complex fleet routing scenarios by specifying additional inputs such as route_renewals, order_pairs, breaks, route_zones or setting additional constraints when finding routes using time_window_factor, excess_transit_factor, spatially_cluster_routes.

Code examples

Direct: Multi-vehicle routing and delivery

In this example, use the fleet routing service to find optimized routes and directions for an appliance delivery company using two vehicles which start from a warehouse and return to the same location at the end of the working day.

In this scenario, two vehicles will depart from a warehouse located in Santa Monica, California. Each vehicle has a capacity of four appliances. There are a total of six restaurants to visit and it takes ten minutes at complete the delivery at each restaurant. Each vehicle needs to return in one hour and can only visit a maximum of three restaurants in total.

The response contains a list of results describing various outputs such as:

  • Set of stops that shows the route assignment.
  • Set of routes that shows the overall time and distance.
  • Set of directions for each route (if you requested to populate directions).

APIs

ArcGIS Maps SDK for JavaScriptArcGIS Maps SDK for JavaScriptArcGIS API for PythonArcGIS REST JSEsri LeafletMapLibre GL JSOpenLayersCesiumJS
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      const geoprocessorUrl = "https://logistics.arcgis.com/arcgis/rest/services/World/VehicleRoutingProblemSync/GPServer/EditVehicleRoutingProblem"

      const params = {
        orders,                    // Feature Set
        depots,                    // Feature Set
        routes,                    // Feature Set
        populate_directions: true  // "Generate driving directions for the routes"
      };

      const { results } = await geoprocessor.execute(geoprocessorUrl, params);

      const outStops = results[1].value.features;  // Graphics[]
      const outRoutes = results[2].value.features; // Graphics[]

      showStops(outStops);
      showRoutes(outRoutes);
    }

REST API

cURLcURLHTTP
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curl https://logistics.arcgis.com/arcgis/rest/services/World/VehicleRoutingProblemSync/GPServer/EditVehicleRoutingProblem/execute? \
-d "f=json" \
-d "token=<ACCESS_TOKEN>" \
-d "orders={'type':'features','features':[{'attributes':{'Name':'Father\'s Office','ServiceTime':10},'geometry':{'x':-118.498406,'y':34.029445}},{'attributes':{'Name':'R+D Kitchen','ServiceTime':10},'geometry':{'x':-118.495788,'y':34.032339}},{'attributes':{'Name':'Pono Burger','ServiceTime':10},'geometry':{'x':-118.489469,'y':34.019000}},{'attributes':{'Name':'Il Ristorante di Giorgio Baldi','ServiceTime':10},'geometry':{'x':-118.518787,'y':34.028508}},{'attributes':{'Name':'Milo + Olive','ServiceTime':10},'geometry':{'x':-118.476026,'y':34.037572}},{'attributes':{'Name':'Dialogue','ServiceTime':10},'geometry':{'x':-118.495814,'y':34.017042}}]}" \
-d "depots={'type':'features','features':[{'attributes':{'Name':'Bay Cities Kitchens and Appliances'},'geometry':{'x':-118.469630,'y':34.037555}}]}" \
-d "routes={'features':[{'attributes':{'Name':'Route 1','Description':'vehicle 1','StartDepotName':'Bay Cities Kitchens and Appliances','EndDepotName':'Bay Cities Kitchens and Appliances','Capacities':'4','MaxOrderCount':3,'MaxTotalTime':60,}},{'attributes':{'Name':'Route 2','Description':'vehicle 2','StartDepotName':'Bay Cities Kitchens and Appliances','EndDepotName':'Bay Cities Kitchens and Appliances','Capacities':'4','MaxOrderCount':3,'MaxTotalTime':60,}}]}" \
-d "populate_directions=true"

Job: Goods delivery

In this example, you will find the best routes for a fleet of three vehicles, operated by a distribution company, to deliver goods from a distribution center to a set of nine grocery stores. Each store has a specific quantity of demand for the goods, and each truck has a limited capacity for carrying the goods. The main objective is to assign trucks in the fleet a subset of the stores to service and to sequence the deliveries in a way that minimizes the overall transportation costs.

In this scenario, specify the stores as orders, the distribution center as depots, and the three trucks as routes.

APIs

ArcGIS Maps SDK for JavaScriptArcGIS Maps SDK for JavaScriptArcGIS API for Python
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          const url = "https://logistics.arcgis.com/arcgis/rest/services/World/VehicleRoutingProblem/GPServer/SolveVehicleRoutingProblem";

          const geoprocessingOptions = {
            outSpatialReference: view.spatialReference
          };

          const jobInfo = await geoprocessor.submitJob(url, params, geoprocessingOptions);

          const options = {
            statusCallback: (jobInfo) => {
              const timestamp = new Date().toLocaleTimeString();
              const message = jobInfo.messages[jobInfo.messages.length - 1];
              console.log(`${timestamp}: ${message.description}`);
            }
          };
          await jobInfo.waitForJobCompletion(options);

          const [directionsResult, routesResult, stopsResult] = await Promise.all([
            jobInfo.fetchResultData("out_directions"),
            jobInfo.fetchResultData("out_routes"),
            jobInfo.fetchResultData("out_stops")
          ]);

          return {
            directions: directionsResult.value.features,
            routes: routesResult.value.features,
            stops: stopsResult.value.features
          };
        }

REST API

Unlike Direct request type which allows you to make a request and get back all the results in the response, when working with a Job request type, you need to follow a three step workflow:

  1. Make the submitJob request with the appropriate request parameters to get a job id.
  2. Using the job id, check the job status to see if the job completed successfully.
  3. Use the job id to get one or more results.
Request
cURLcURLHTTP
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curl https://logistics.arcgis.com/arcgis/rest/services/World/VehicleRoutingProblem/GPServer/SolveVehicleRoutingProblem/submitJob? \
-d "f=json" \
-d "token=<ACCESS_TOKEN>" \
-d "orders={'features':[{'geometry':{'x':-122.51,'y':37.7724},'attributes':{'DeliveryQuantities':1706,'Name':'Store_1','ServiceTime':25,'TimeWindowStart1':1608051600000,'TimeWindowEnd1':1608080400000,'MaxViolationTime1':0}},{'geometry':{'x':-122.4889,'y':37.7538},'attributes':{'DeliveryQuantities':1533,'Name':'Store_2','ServiceTime':23,'TimeWindowStart1':1608051600000,'TimeWindowEnd1':1608080400000,'MaxViolationTime1':0}},{'geometry':{'x':-122.4649,'y':37.7747},'attributes':{'DeliveryQuantities':1580,'Name':'Store_3','ServiceTime':24,'TimeWindowStart1':1608051600000,'TimeWindowEnd1':1608080400000,'MaxViolationTime1':0}},{'geometry':{'x':-122.4739,'y':37.7432},'attributes':{'DeliveryQuantities':1289,'Name':'Store_4','ServiceTime':20,'TimeWindowStart1':1608051600000,'TimeWindowEnd1':1608080400000,'MaxViolationTime1':0}},{'geometry':{'x':-122.4493,'y':37.7315},'attributes':{'DeliveryQuantities':1302,'Name':'Store_5','ServiceTime':21,'TimeWindowStart1':1608051600000,'TimeWindowEnd1':1608080400000,'MaxViolationTime1':0}},{'geometry':{'x':-122.4917,'y':37.6493},'attributes':{'DeliveryQuantities':1775,'Name':'Store_6','ServiceTime':26,'TimeWindowStart1':1608051600000,'TimeWindowEnd1':1608080400000,'MaxViolationTime1':0}},{'geometry':{'x':-122.4832,'y':37.7012},'attributes':{'DeliveryQuantities':1014,'Name':'Store_7','ServiceTime':17,'TimeWindowStart1':1608051600000,'TimeWindowEnd1':1608080400000,'MaxViolationTime1':0}},{'geometry':{'x':-122.5301,'y':37.8935},'attributes':{'DeliveryQuantities':1761,'Name':'Store_8','ServiceTime':26,'TimeWindowStart1':1608051600000,'TimeWindowEnd1':1608080400000,'MaxViolationTime1':0}},{'geometry':{'x':-122.2875,'y':37.8909},'attributes':{'DeliveryQuantities':1815,'Name':'Store_9','ServiceTime':27,'TimeWindowStart1':1608051600000,'TimeWindowEnd1':1608080400000,'MaxViolationTime1':0}}]}" \
-d "depots={'features':[{'geometry':{'x':-122.3943,'y':37.7967},'attributes':{'Name':'San Francisco','TimeWindowStart1':1608048000000,'TimeWindowEnd1':1608080400000}}]}" \
-d "routes={'features':[{'attributes':{'Name':'Truck_1','StartDepotName':'San Francisco','EndDepotName':'San Francisco','StartDepotServiceTime':60,'EarliestStartTime':1608048000000,'LatestStartTime':1608048000000,'Capacities':'15000','CostPerUnitTime':0.2,'CostPerUnitDistance':1.5,'MaxOrderCount':3,'MaxTotalTime':360,'MaxTotalTravelTime':180,'MaxTotalDistance':100}},{'attributes':{'Name':'Truck_2','StartDepotName':'San Francisco','EndDepotName':'San Francisco','StartDepotServiceTime':60,'EarliestStartTime':1608048000000,'LatestStartTime':1608048000000,'Capacities':'15000','CostPerUnitTime':0.2,'CostPerUnitDistance':1.5,'MaxOrderCount':3,'MaxTotalTime':360,'MaxTotalTravelTime':180,'MaxTotalDistance':100}},{'attributes':{'Name':'Truck_3','StartDepotName':'San Francisco','EndDepotName':'San Francisco','StartDepotServiceTime':60,'EarliestStartTime':1608048000000,'LatestStartTime':1608048000000,'Capacities':'15000','CostPerUnitTime':0.2,'CostPerUnitDistance':1.5,'MaxOrderCount':3,'MaxTotalTime':360,'MaxTotalTravelTime':180,'MaxTotalDistance':100}}]}" \
-d "time_units=Minutes" \
-d "distance_units=Miles" \
-d "travel_mode={'attributeParameterValues':[{'attributeName':'Use Preferred Truck Routes','parameterName':'Restriction Usage','value':'PREFER_HIGH'},{'attributeName':'Avoid Unpaved Roads','parameterName':'Restriction Usage','value':'AVOID_HIGH'},{'attributeName':'Avoid Private Roads','parameterName':'Restriction Usage','value':'AVOID_MEDIUM'},{'attributeName':'Driving a Truck','parameterName':'Restriction Usage','value':'PROHIBITED'},{'attributeName':'Roads Under Construction Prohibited','parameterName':'Restriction Usage','value':'PROHIBITED'},{'attributeName':'Avoid Gates','parameterName':'Restriction Usage','value':'AVOID_MEDIUM'},{'attributeName':'Avoid Express Lanes','parameterName':'Restriction Usage','value':'PROHIBITED'},{'attributeName':'Avoid Carpool Roads','parameterName':'Restriction Usage','value':'PROHIBITED'},{'attributeName':'Avoid Truck Restricted Roads','parameterName':'Restriction Usage','value':'AVOID_HIGH'},{'attributeName':'TruckTravelTime','parameterName':'Vehicle Maximum Speed (km/h)','value':0}],'description':'Models basic truck travel by preferring designated truck routes, and finds solutions that optimize travel time. Routes must obey one-way roads, avoid illegal turns, and so on. When you specify a start time, dynamic travel speeds based on traffic are used where it is available, up to the legal truck speed limit.','distanceAttributeName':'Kilometers','id':'ZzzRtYcPLjXFBKwr','impedanceAttributeName':'TruckTravelTime','name':'Trucking Time','restrictionAttributeNames':['Avoid Carpool Roads','Avoid Express Lanes','Avoid Gates','Avoid Private Roads','Avoid Truck Restricted Roads','Avoid Unpaved Roads','Driving a Truck','Roads Under Construction Prohibited','Use Preferred Truck Routes'],'simplificationTolerance':10,'simplificationToleranceUnits':'esriMeters','timeAttributeName':'TruckTravelTime','type':'TRUCK','useHierarchy':true,'uturnAtJunctions':'esriNFSBNoBacktrack'}" \
-d "populate_directions=true" \
-d "directions_language=en" \
-d "populate_route_lines=false" \
-d "default_date=1608051600000"
Response (JSON)
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{
  "jobId": "jfd7f78c3a9174d0ba0933c022b38a37e",
  "jobStatus": "esriJobSubmitted"
}

Tutorials

Services

Routing service

Get turn-by-turn directions and solve advanced routing problems.

API support

RoutingOptimized RoutingFleet routingClosest facility routingService areasLocation-allocationTravel cost matrix
ArcGIS Maps SDK for JavaScript111
ArcGIS Maps SDK for .NET111
ArcGIS Maps SDK for Kotlin111
ArcGIS Maps SDK for Swift111
ArcGIS Maps SDK for Java111
ArcGIS Maps SDK for Qt111
ArcGIS API for Python
ArcGIS REST JS
Esri Leaflet2222222
MapLibre GL JS2222222
OpenLayers2222222
Full supportPartial supportNo support
  • 1. Access with geoprocessing task.
  • 2. Access via ArcGIS REST JS.

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