A density analysis resulting in a new layer with traffic crashes per square mile in San Francisco.
What is a density analysis? A density analysis is the process of spreading out known quantities of point attributes and classifying the areas on a scale of least to most dense per square mile or per square kilometer. To execute the analysis, use the spatial analysis service and the Calculate
Real-world examples of this analysis include the following:
Visualizing population density. Finding the density of points of interest (POI) for site selection. Visualizing the density of crimes within a city. Finding the areas with more forest fires and other natural disasters. The general steps to calculating density are as follows:
Review the parameters for the Calculate operation. Send a request to get the spatial analysis service URL. Execute a job request with the following URL and parameters: URL: https: Parameters:input: Your dataset as a hosted feature layer or feature collection.area: Such as square miles. classification: Equal interval, natural breaks etc.output: A string representing the name of the hosted feature layer to reutrn with the results. Check the status . Get the output layer results . To see examples using ArcGIS API for Python, ArcGIS REST JS, and the ArcGIS REST API, go to Examples below.
URL request
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https://analysis3.arcgis.com/arcgis/rest/services/tasks/GPServer/CalculateDensity/submitJob?<parameters>
Required parameters Name Description Examples fThe format of the data returned. f=json f=pjsontokenAn OAuth 2.0 access token . Learn how to get an access token in Security and authentication . token=<inputThe point or polyline features from the feature dataset . {"url":"https:
Key parameters Name Description Examples areaThe units of the calculated density values. Square, SquareboundingThe polygon(s) from a hosted feature layer or feature collection in which you want densities to be calculated. {"url":"https:classificationHow density values will be classified. NaturalnumNumber used to divide the range of predicted values into distinct classes. 10outputA string representing the name of the hosted feature layer to return with the results. NOTE : If you do not include this parameter, the results are returned as a feature collection (JSON). {"servicecontextA bounding box or output spatial reference for the analysis. "extent":{"xmin:
Example Calculate the density of POI This example finds where there are the most POIs per square mile in the area surrounding Nijmegen. The input value is the OpenStreetMap - Points of interest (bèta) hosted feature layer. The density values are calculated by Natural with 10 classes within a bounding.
Calculate density analysis showing the density of points of interest in Nijmegen.
APIs ArcGIS API for Python ArcGIS API for Python ArcGIS REST JS
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osm_poi = "https://services.arcgis.com/nSZVuSZjHpEZZbRo/arcgis/rest/services/OSM_POI/FeatureServer/0"
boundary = "https://services3.arcgis.com/GVgbJbqm8hXASVYi/arcgis/rest/services/Nijmegen_boundary_layer/FeatureServer/3"
results = calculate_density(
input_layer=osm_poi,
bounding_polygon_layer=boundary,
context={
"extent" : {
"xmin" : 636264.364494962 ,
"ymin" : 6760768.706403579 ,
"xmax" : 669246.9421999712 ,
"ymax" : 6781311.157755191 ,
"spatialReference" : { "wkid" : 102100 , "latestWkid" : 3857 },
},
"outSR" : { "wkid" : 3857 },
},
# Outputs results as a hosted feature layer.
output_name= "Calculate density results" ,
)
result_features = results.layers[ 0 ].query()
print ( f"The density layer has { len (result_features.features)} new records" )
Service requests 1. Get the analysis service URL 2. Submit job 3. Check job status 4. Get results
Request HTTP HTTP cURL
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POST arcgis.com/sharing/rest/portals/self HTTP/ 1.1
Content- Type : application/x-www-form-urlencoded
&f = json
&token = <ACCESS_TOKEN>
Response (JSON)
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{
"helperServices" : {
// Other parameters
"analysis" : {
"url" : "https://<YOUR_ANALYSIS_SERVICE>/arcgis/rest/services/tasks/GPServer"
},
"geoenrichment" : {
"url" : "https://geoenrich.arcgis.com/arcgis/rest/services/World/GeoenrichmentServer"
}
}
}
Request HTTP HTTP cURL
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POST <YOUR_ANALYSIS_SERVICE>/arcgis/rest/services/tasks/GPServer/CalculateDensity/submitJob HTTP/ 1.1
Content- Type : application/x-www-form-urlencoded
&f = json
&token = <ACCESS_TOKEN>
&inputLayer = { "url" : "https://services.arcgis.com/nSZVuSZjHpEZZbRo/arcgis/rest/services/OSM_POI/FeatureServer/0" , "name" : "OpenStreetMap - Points of interest (bèta) - Punten" }
&areaUnits = SquareMiles
&boundingPolygonLayer = { "url" : "https://services3.arcgis.com/GVgbJbqm8hXASVYi/arcgis/rest/services/Nijmegen_boundary_layer/FeatureServer/3" }
&numClasses = 10
&outputName = { "serviceProperties" : { "name" : "Calculate density results" } }
&context = { }
&returnFeatureCollection = false
Response (JSON)
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{
"jobId" : "<JOB_ID>" ,
"jobStatus" : "esriJobSubmitted" ,
"results" : {},
"inputs" : {},
"messages" : []
}
Request HTTP HTTP cURL
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POST <YOUR_ANALYSIS_SERVICE>/arcgis/rest/services/tasks/GPServer/CalculateDensity/jobs/<JOB_ID> HTTP/ 1.1
Content- Type : application/x-www-form-urlencoded
&f = json
&token = <ACCESS_TOKEN>
Response (JSON)
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// Executing job
{
"jobId" : "<JOB_ID>" ,
"jobStatus" : "esriJobExecuting" ,
"results" : {},
"inputs" : {},
"messages" : []
}
// Job succeeded
{
"jobId" : "<JOB_ID>" ,
"jobStatus" : "esriJobSucceeded" ,
"results" : {
"resultLayer" : {
"paramUrl" : "results/resultLayer"
},
},
"inputs" : {},
"messages" : []
}
Request HTTP HTTP cURL
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POST <YOUR_ANALYSIS_SERVICE>/arcgis/rest/services/tasks/GPServer/CalculateDensity/jobs/<JOB_ID>/results/resultLayer HTTP/ 1.1
Content- Type : application/x-www-form-urlencoded
&f = json
&returnType = data
&token = <ACCESS_TOKEN>
Response (JSON)
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{
"paramName" : "resultLayer" ,
"dataType" : "GPString" ,
"value" : {
"url" : "<SERVICE_URL>" ,
"itemId" : "<ITEM_ID>"
}
}
Calculate the density of bike routes This example finds where there are the most bike routes per square mile within the boundary of Portland. The input value is the Bike routes hosted feature layer. The density values are calculated by Natural with 10 classes within a bounding.
Calculate density analysis showing the density of bike routes per square mile in a section of Portland.
APIs ArcGIS API for Python ArcGIS API for Python ArcGIS REST JS
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bike_routes = "https://services3.arcgis.com/GVgbJbqm8hXASVYi/arcgis/rest/services/Portland Bike Routes/FeatureServer/0"
boundary = "https://services3.arcgis.com/GVgbJbqm8hXASVYi/arcgis/rest/services/Portland_boundary/FeatureServer/0"
results = calculate_density(
input_layer=bike_routes,
bounding_polygon_layer=boundary,
classification_type= "GeometricInterval" ,
area_units= "SquareMiles" ,
# Outputs results as a hosted feature layer.
output_name= "Calculate density results" ,
)
result_features = results.layers[ 0 ].query()
print ( f"The density layer has { len (result_features.features)} new records" )
Service requests 1. Get the analysis service URL 2. Submit job 3. Check job status 4. Get results
Request HTTP HTTP cURL
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POST arcgis.com/sharing/rest/portals/self HTTP/ 1.1
Content- Type : application/x-www-form-urlencoded
&f = json
&token = <ACCESS_TOKEN>
Response (JSON)
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{
"helperServices" : {
// Other parameters
"analysis" : {
"url" : "https://<YOUR_ANALYSIS_SERVICE>/arcgis/rest/services/tasks/GPServer"
},
"geoenrichment" : {
"url" : "https://geoenrich.arcgis.com/arcgis/rest/services/World/GeoenrichmentServer"
}
}
}
Request HTTP HTTP cURL
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POST <YOUR_ANALYSIS_SERVICE>/arcgis/rest/services/tasks/GPServer/CalculateDensity/submitJob HTTP/ 1.1
Content- Type : application/x-www-form-urlencoded
&f = json
&inputLayer = { "url" : "https://services3.arcgis.com/GVgbJbqm8hXASVYi/arcgis/rest/services/Portland Bike Routes/FeatureServer/0" , "name" : "Portland Bike Routes" }
&areaUnits = SquareMiles
&boundingPolygonLayer = { "url" : "https://services3.arcgis.com/GVgbJbqm8hXASVYi/arcgis/rest/services/Portland_boundary/FeatureServer/0" , "name" : "Portland_boundary-DissolvedFeatures" }
&classificationType = EqualInterval
&numClasses = 10
&outputName = { "serviceProperties" : { "name" : "Calculate density results" } }
&returnFeatureCollection = false
&token = <ACCESS_TOKEN>
Response (JSON)
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{
"jobId" : "<JOB_ID>" ,
"jobStatus" : "esriJobSubmitted" ,
"results" : {},
"inputs" : {},
"messages" : []
}
Request HTTP HTTP cURL
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POST <YOUR_ANALYSIS_SERVICE>/arcgis/rest/services/tasks/GPServer/CalculateDensity/jobs/<JOB_ID> HTTP/ 1.1
Content- Type : application/x-www-form-urlencoded
&f = json
&token = <ACCESS_TOKEN>
Response (JSON)
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// Executing job
{
"jobId" : "<JOB_ID>" ,
"jobStatus" : "esriJobExecuting" ,
"results" : {},
"inputs" : {},
"messages" : []
}
// Job succeeded
{
"jobId" : "<JOB_ID>" ,
"jobStatus" : "esriJobSucceeded" ,
"results" : {
"resultLayer" : {
"paramUrl" : "results/resultLayer"
},
},
"inputs" : {},
"messages" : []
}
Request HTTP HTTP cURL
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POST <YOUR_ANALYSIS_SERVICE>/arcgis/rest/services/tasks/GPServer/CalculateDensity/jobs/<JOB_ID>/results/resultLayer HTTP/ 1.1
Content- Type : application/x-www-form-urlencoded
&f = json
&returnType = data
&token = <ACCESS_TOKEN>
Response (JSON)
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{
"paramName" : "resultLayer" ,
"dataType" : "GPString" ,
"value" : {
"url" : "<SERVICE_URL>" ,
"itemId" : "<ITEM_ID>"
}
}
Tutorials Learn how to perform related analyses interactively with Map Viewer and programmatically with ArcGIS API for Python, ArcGIS REST JS, and ArcGIS REST API.
Services Process spatial datasets to discover relationships and patterns.
API support
