Style a feature layer

Learn how to apply renderers and label definitions to a feature layer based on attribute values.

style a feature layer

Applications can display feature layer data with different styles to enhance the visualization. The type of Renderer you choose depends on your application. A SimpleRenderer applies the same symbol to all features, a UniqueValueRenderer applies a different symbol to each unique attribute value, and a ClassBreaksRenderer applies a symbol to a range of numeric values. Renderers are responsible for accessing the data and applying the appropriate symbol to each feature when the layer draws. You can also use a LabelDefinition to show attribute information for features. Visit the Styles and data visualization documentation to learn more about styling layers.

You can also author, style and save web maps, web scenes, and layers as portal items and then add them to the map in your application. Visit the following tutorials to learn more about adding portal items.

In this tutorial, you will apply different renderers to enhance the visualization of three feature layers with data for the Santa Monica Mountains: Trailheads with a single symbol, Trails based on elevation change and bike use, and Parks and Open Spaces based on the type of park.

Prerequisites

The following are required for this tutorial:

  1. An ArcGIS account to access your API keys. If you don't have an account, sign up for free.
  2. Confirm that your system meets the minimum system requirements.
  3. An IDE for Java.

Steps

Open a Java project with Gradle

  1. To start this tutorial, complete the Display a map tutorial, or download and unzip the Display a map solution into a new folder.

  2. Open the build.gradle file as a project in IntelliJ IDEA.

  3. If you downloaded the solution project, set your API key.

Preconfigure app

Modify the files from the Display a map tutorial so they can be used in this tutorial: you will change the app title, modify the viewpoint, and move the declaration of the map variable.

  1. In the start() lifecycle method, change the title that will appear on the application window to Style a feature layer.

    App.java
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      @Override
      public void start(Stage stage) {
    
        // set the title and size of the stage and show it
        stage.setTitle("Style a feature layer");
    
        stage.setWidth(800);
        stage.setHeight(700);
        stage.show();
    
    Expand
  2. Modify the Viewpoint constructor call so it passes a scale parameter of 72.000.0, which is more appropriate to this tutorial.

    App.java
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        // create a map view to display the map and add it to the stack pane
        mapView = new MapView();
        stackPane.getChildren().add(mapView);
    
        map = new ArcGISMap(BasemapStyle.ARCGIS_TOPOGRAPHIC);
    
        // set the map on the map view
        mapView.setMap(map);
    
        mapView.setViewpoint(new Viewpoint(34.02700, -118.80543, 72000.0));
    
      }
    
  3. Move the declaration of the map variable to the top level of the App class. Since map will be accessed from a new method later, it must be a field of the class, rather than a local variable in start().

    App.java
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        ArcGISMap map = new ArcGISMap(BasemapStyle.ARCGIS_TOPOGRAPHIC);
    
        // set the map on the map view
        mapView.setMap(map);
    
        mapView.setViewpoint(new Viewpoint(34.02700, -118.80543, 144447.638572));
    
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    App.java
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    public class App extends Application {
    
      private MapView mapView;
    
      private ArcGISMap map =new ArcGISMap(BasemapStyle.ARCGIS_TOPOGRAPHIC);
    
    
      public static void main(String[] args) {
        Application.launch(args);
      }
    
    Expand

Import headers and define constants

You will add imports and define colors used in this tutorial.

  1. In the IntelliJ IDEA > Project tool window, open src/main/java/com.example.app and click App. Add the following imports, replacing those from the Display a map tutorial.

    App.java
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    package com.example.app;
    
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.ArcGISRuntimeEnvironment;
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.arcgisservices.LabelDefinition;
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.data.ServiceFeatureTable;
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.layers.FeatureLayer;
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.ArcGISMap;
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.BasemapStyle;
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.Viewpoint;
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.labeling.ArcadeLabelExpression;
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.view.MapView;
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.symbology.ClassBreaksRenderer;
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.symbology.ClassBreaksRenderer.ClassBreak;
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.symbology.PictureMarkerSymbol;
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.symbology.SimpleFillSymbol;
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.symbology.SimpleLineSymbol;
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.symbology.SimpleRenderer;
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.symbology.TextSymbol;
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.symbology.UniqueValueRenderer;
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.symbology.UniqueValueRenderer.UniqueValue;
    
    import javafx.application.Application;
    import javafx.scene.Scene;
    import javafx.scene.layout.StackPane;
    import javafx.stage.Stage;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    
    public class App extends Application {
    
  2. Add static fields to hold the RGB hex value of certain colors. These are the colors you will be assigning to symbols.

    App.java
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      // colors for symbols
      private static final int RED = 0xFFFF0000;
      private static final int GREEN = 0xFF00FF00;
      private static final int BLUE = 0xFF0000FF;
      private static final int PURPLE = 0xFF800080;
      private static final int WHITE = 0xFFFFFFFF;
    
    Expand

Create a method to add a feature layer

You can add a feature layer from a feature service hosted in ArcGIS. Each feature layer contains features with a single geometry type (point, line, or polygon), and a set of attributes. Once added to the map, feature layers can be symbolized, styled, and labeled in a variety of ways.

Define variables that store feature service URLs used by the app's layers and then create a helper method to add a layer to the map's collection of operational layers. You will use this code throughout the tutorial as you add and symbolize various layers.

  1. Create four static fields of type String: three for accessing feature layers, and a fourth for accessing a static image for use in a picture marker symbol. You will use these resources in future steps.

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      // Application constants used to connect to data and resources.
      private final String parksAndOpenSpaces =
          "https://services3.arcgis.com/GVgbJbqm8hXASVYi/arcgis/rest/services/Parks_and_Open_Space/FeatureServer/0";
      private final String trails =
          "https://services3.arcgis.com/GVgbJbqm8hXASVYi/arcgis/rest/services/Trails/FeatureServer/0";
      private final String trailheads =
          "https://services3.arcgis.com/GVgbJbqm8hXASVYi/arcgis/rest/services/Trailheads/FeatureServer/0";
      private final String trailheadImage = "https://static.arcgis.com/images/Symbols/NPS/npsPictograph_0231b.png";
    
    Expand
  2. Add a new method named addFeatureLayer() that takes a feature service URI as an argument, creates a feature layer from the URI, and adds it to the list of the map's operational layers.

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      private FeatureLayer addFeatureLayer(String featureServiceUri){
        // Create a service feature table from a Uri.
        ServiceFeatureTable serviceFeatureTable = new ServiceFeatureTable(featureServiceUri);
        // Create a feature layer from the service feature table.
        FeatureLayer featureLayer = new FeatureLayer(serviceFeatureTable);
        // Add the feature layer to the map's list of operational layers.
        map.getOperationalLayers().add(featureLayer);
        // return the feature layer
        return featureLayer;
      }
    
    Expand

Add a layer with a unique value renderer

Create a method to apply a different symbol for each type of park area to the Parks and Open Spaces feature layer.

  1. Add a new method named addOpenSpaceLayer() just after the newly added addFeatureLayer() method.

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      private void addOpenSpaceLayer() {
        // Create a parks and open spaces feature layer and add it to the map view.
        FeatureLayer featureLayer = addFeatureLayer(parksAndOpenSpaces);
    
        // Create fill symbols.
        SimpleFillSymbol purpleFillSymbol =
            new SimpleFillSymbol(SimpleFillSymbol.Style.SOLID, PURPLE, null);
        SimpleFillSymbol greenFillSymbol =
            new SimpleFillSymbol(SimpleFillSymbol.Style.SOLID, GREEN, null);
        SimpleFillSymbol blueFillSymbol =
            new SimpleFillSymbol(SimpleFillSymbol.Style.SOLID, BLUE, null);
        SimpleFillSymbol redFillSymbol =
            new SimpleFillSymbol(SimpleFillSymbol.Style.SOLID, RED, null);
    
        // Create a unique value for natural areas, regional open spaces, local parks, and regional recreation parks.
        List<Object> naturalAreasValue = new ArrayList<>();
        naturalAreasValue.add("Natural Areas");
        UniqueValue naturalAreas =
            new UniqueValue("Natural Areas", "Natural Areas", purpleFillSymbol, naturalAreasValue);
    
        List<Object> regionalOpenSpaceValue = new ArrayList<>();
        naturalAreasValue.add("Regional Open Space");
        UniqueValue regionalOpenSpace =
            new UniqueValue("Regional Open Space", "Regional Open Space", greenFillSymbol, regionalOpenSpaceValue);
    
        List<Object> localParkValue = new ArrayList<>();
        localParkValue.add("Local Park");
        UniqueValue localPark =
            new UniqueValue("Local Park", "Local Park", blueFillSymbol, localParkValue);
    
        List<Object> regionalRecreationParkValue = new ArrayList<>();
        regionalRecreationParkValue.add("Regional Recreation Park");
        UniqueValue regionalRecreationPark =
            new UniqueValue("Regional Recreation Park", "Regional Recreation Park", redFillSymbol, regionalRecreationParkValue);
    
        List<UniqueValue> uniqueValuesList = new ArrayList<>();
        uniqueValuesList.add(naturalAreas);
        uniqueValuesList.add(regionalOpenSpace);
        uniqueValuesList.add(localPark);
        uniqueValuesList.add(regionalRecreationPark);
    
        // Create a unique value renderer and set it on the parks and open spaces feature layer.
        // fieldNames is a List, but in this tutorial there is only one item in the list
        List<String> fieldNames = new ArrayList<>();
        fieldNames.add("TYPE");
        UniqueValueRenderer openSpacesUniqueValueRenderer =
            new UniqueValueRenderer(fieldNames, uniqueValuesList, "Open Spaces", null);
        featureLayer.setRenderer(openSpacesUniqueValueRenderer);
    
        // Set the layer opacity to semi-transparent.
        featureLayer.setOpacity(0.2f);
      }
    
    Expand
  2. Update start() to call the new addOpenSpaceLayer() method.

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        // create a map view to display the map and add it to the stack pane
        mapView = new MapView();
        stackPane.getChildren().add(mapView);
    
        map = new ArcGISMap(BasemapStyle.ARCGIS_TOPOGRAPHIC);
    
        // set the map on the map view
        mapView.setMap(map);
    
        mapView.setViewpoint(new Viewpoint(34.02700, -118.80543, 72000.0));
    
        addOpenSpaceLayer();
    
      }
    
    Expand
  3. Run the app. Ensure to run the app as a Gradle task and not as an application in your IDE. In the Gradle tool window, under Tasks > application, click run.

When the app opens, Parks and Open Spaces feature layer is added to the map. The map displays the different types of parks and open spaces with four unique symbols.

Add a layer with a class breaks renderer

Create a method to apply a different symbol for each of the five ranges of elevation gain to the Trails feature layer.

  1. Add a new method named addTrailsLayer() just after the addOpenSpaceLayer() method you created above.

    App.java
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      private void addTrailsLayer() {
        // Create a trails feature layer and add it to the map view.
        FeatureLayer featureLayer = addFeatureLayer(trails);
    
        // Create simple line symbols.
        SimpleLineSymbol firstClassSymbol =
            new SimpleLineSymbol(SimpleLineSymbol.Style.SOLID, PURPLE, 3.0f);
        SimpleLineSymbol secondClassSymbol =
            new SimpleLineSymbol(SimpleLineSymbol.Style.SOLID, PURPLE, 4.0f);
        SimpleLineSymbol thirdClassSymbol =
            new SimpleLineSymbol(SimpleLineSymbol.Style.SOLID, PURPLE, 5.0f);
        SimpleLineSymbol fourthClassSymbol =
            new SimpleLineSymbol(SimpleLineSymbol.Style.SOLID, PURPLE, 6.0f);
        SimpleLineSymbol fifthClassSymbol =
            new SimpleLineSymbol(SimpleLineSymbol.Style.SOLID, PURPLE, 7.0f);
    
        // Create five class breaks.
        ClassBreak firstClassBreak =
            new ClassBreak("Under 500", "0 - 500", 0.0, 500.0, firstClassSymbol);
        ClassBreaksRenderer.ClassBreak secondClassBreak =
            new  ClassBreak("501 to 1000", "501 - 1000", 501.0, 1000.0, secondClassSymbol);
        ClassBreak thirdClassBreak =
            new  ClassBreak("1001 to 1500", "1001 - 1500", 1001.0, 1500.0, thirdClassSymbol);
        ClassBreak fourthClassBreak =
            new  ClassBreak("1501 to 2000", "1501 - 2000", 1501.0, 2000.0, fourthClassSymbol);
        ClassBreak fifthClassBreak =
            new ClassBreak("2001 to 2300", "2001 - 2300", 2001.0, 2300.0, fifthClassSymbol);
    
        List<ClassBreak> elevationBreaks = new ArrayList<>();
        elevationBreaks.add(firstClassBreak);
        elevationBreaks.add(secondClassBreak);
        elevationBreaks.add(thirdClassBreak);
        elevationBreaks.add(fourthClassBreak);
        elevationBreaks.add(fifthClassBreak);
    
        // Create a class breaks renderer and set it on the feature layer.
        ClassBreaksRenderer elevationClassBreaksRenderer =
            new ClassBreaksRenderer("ELEV_GAIN", elevationBreaks);
        featureLayer.setRenderer(elevationClassBreaksRenderer);
    
        // Set the layer opacity to semi-transparent.
        featureLayer.setOpacity(0.75f);
    
      }
    
    Expand
  2. Update start() to call the new addTrailsLayer() method.

    App.java
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    Use dark colors for code blocks
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        // create a map view to display the map and add it to the stack pane
        mapView = new MapView();
        stackPane.getChildren().add(mapView);
    
        map = new ArcGISMap(BasemapStyle.ARCGIS_TOPOGRAPHIC);
    
        // set the map on the map view
        mapView.setMap(map);
    
        mapView.setViewpoint(new Viewpoint(34.02700, -118.80543, 72000.0));
    
        addOpenSpaceLayer();
    
        addTrailsLayer();
    
      }
    
    Expand
  3. Run the app. Ensure to run the app as a Gradle task and not as an application in your IDE. In the Gradle tool window, under Tasks > application, click run.

When the app opens, the Trails feature layer is added to the map. The map displays trails with different symbols depending on trail elevation.

Add layers with definition expressions

You can use a definition expression to define a subset of features to display. Features that do not meet the expression criteria are not displayed by the layer. In the following steps, you will create two methods that use a definition expression to apply a symbol to a subset of features in the Trails feature layer.

  1. Add a method named addBikeOnlyTrailsLayer() with a definition expression to filter for trails that permit bikes. Add this method just after the newly added addTrailsLayer() method.

    App.java
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    Use dark colors for code blocks
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      private void addBikeOnlyTrailsLayer() {
        // Create a trails feature layer and add it to the map view.
        FeatureLayer featureLayer = addFeatureLayer(trails);
    
        // Write a definition expression to filter for trails that permit the use of bikes.
        featureLayer.setDefinitionExpression("USE_BIKE = 'Yes'");
    
        // Create a simple renderer and set it on the feature layer.
        SimpleLineSymbol bikeTrailSymbol = new SimpleLineSymbol(SimpleLineSymbol.Style.DOT, BLUE, 2.0f);
        SimpleRenderer bikeTrailRenderer = new SimpleRenderer(bikeTrailSymbol);
        featureLayer.setRenderer(bikeTrailRenderer);
    
      }
    
    Expand
  2. Add another method named addNoBikeTrailsLayer() with a definition expression to filter for trails that don't allow bikes. Add this method just after the addBikeOnlyTrailsLayer() method.

    App.java
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      private void addNoBikesTrailsLayer() {
        // Create a trails feature layer and add it to the map view.
        FeatureLayer featureLayer = addFeatureLayer(trails);
    
        // Write a definition expression to filter for trails that don't permit the use of bikes.
        featureLayer.setDefinitionExpression("USE_BIKE = 'No'");
    
        // Create a simple renderer and set it on the feature layer.
        SimpleLineSymbol noBikeTrailSymbol =
            new SimpleLineSymbol(SimpleLineSymbol.Style.DOT, RED, 2.0f);
        SimpleRenderer noBikeTrailRenderer =
            new SimpleRenderer(noBikeTrailSymbol);
        featureLayer.setRenderer(noBikeTrailRenderer);
      }
    
    Expand
  3. Update start() to call the new addBikeOnlyTrailsLayer() and addNoBikeTrailsLayer() methods.

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        // create a map view to display the map and add it to the stack pane
        mapView = new MapView();
        stackPane.getChildren().add(mapView);
    
        map = new ArcGISMap(BasemapStyle.ARCGIS_TOPOGRAPHIC);
    
        // set the map on the map view
        mapView.setMap(map);
    
        mapView.setViewpoint(new Viewpoint(34.02700, -118.80543, 72000.0));
    
        addOpenSpaceLayer();
    
        addTrailsLayer();
    
        addBikeOnlyTrailsLayer();
    
        addNoBikesTrailsLayer();
    
      }
    
    Expand
  4. Run the app. Ensure to run the app as a Gradle task and not as an application in your IDE. In the Gradle tool window, under Tasks > application, click run.

When the app opens, two Trails feature layers are added to the map. One shows where bikes are permitted and the other where they are prohibited.

Symbolize a layer with a picture symbol and label features with an attribute

Create a method to style trailheads with hiker images and labels for the Trailheads feature layer.

  1. Create a helper method named makeLabelDefinition() that defines a label definition based on the passed in feature layer attribute. This method will also define the label placement and text symbol. Add this method just after the addNoBikeTrailsLayer() method you created earlier.

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      private LabelDefinition makeLabelDefinition(String labelAttribute){
        // Create a new text symbol.
        TextSymbol labelTextSymbol  = new TextSymbol();
        labelTextSymbol.setColor(WHITE);
        labelTextSymbol.setSize(12.0f);
        labelTextSymbol.setHaloColor(RED);
        labelTextSymbol.setHaloWidth(1.0f);
        labelTextSymbol.setFontFamily("Arial");
        labelTextSymbol.setFontStyle(TextSymbol.FontStyle.ITALIC);
        labelTextSymbol.setFontWeight(TextSymbol.FontWeight.NORMAL);
    
        // Create a new Arcade label expression based on the field name.
        ArcadeLabelExpression labelExpression =
            new ArcadeLabelExpression("$feature." + labelAttribute);
    
        // Create and return the label definition.
        return new LabelDefinition(labelExpression, labelTextSymbol);
    
      }
    
    Expand
  2. Add a method named addTrailheadsLayer(). Add this method just after the new makeLabelDefinition() method.

    Use a PictureMarkerSymbol to draw a trailhead hiker image. Use the LabelDefinition to label each trailhead by its name.

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      private void addTrailHeadsLayer() {
    
        // Create a trailheads feature layer and add it to the map view.
        FeatureLayer featureLayer = addFeatureLayer(trailheads);
    
        // Create a new picture marker symbol that uses the trailhead image.
        PictureMarkerSymbol pictureMarkerSymbol = new PictureMarkerSymbol(trailheadImage);
        pictureMarkerSymbol.setHeight(18.0f);
        pictureMarkerSymbol.setWidth(18.0f);
    
    
        // Create a new simple renderer based on the picture marker symbol.
        SimpleRenderer simpleRenderer = new SimpleRenderer(pictureMarkerSymbol);
    
        // Set the feature layer's renderer, and enable labels.
        featureLayer.setRenderer(simpleRenderer);
        featureLayer.setLabelsEnabled(true);
    
        // Create the label definition.
        LabelDefinition trailHeadsDefinition = makeLabelDefinition("TRL_NAME");
    
        // Add the label definition to the layer's list of label definitions.
        featureLayer.getLabelDefinitions().add(trailHeadsDefinition);
    
      }
    
    Expand
  3. Update start() to call the new addTrailheadsLayer() method.

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        // create a map view to display the map and add it to the stack pane
        mapView = new MapView();
        stackPane.getChildren().add(mapView);
    
        map = new ArcGISMap(BasemapStyle.ARCGIS_TOPOGRAPHIC);
    
        // set the map on the map view
        mapView.setMap(map);
    
        mapView.setViewpoint(new Viewpoint(34.02700, -118.80543, 72000.0));
    
        addOpenSpaceLayer();
    
        addTrailsLayer();
    
        addBikeOnlyTrailsLayer();
    
        addNoBikesTrailsLayer();
    
        addTrailHeadsLayer();
    
      }
    
    Expand
  4. Run the app. Ensure to run the app as a Gradle task and not as an application in your IDE. In the Gradle tool window, under Tasks > application, click run.

When the app opens, all the layers you've created and symbolized are displayed on the map.

  • Parks and open spaces are displayed with four unique symbols
  • Trails use different symbols (line widths) depending on trail elevation
  • Trails are blue where bikes are permitted and red where they are prohibited
  • Trailheads are displayed with a hiker icon and labels display each trail's name

What's next?

Learn how to use additional API features, ArcGIS location services, and ArcGIS tools in these tutorials:

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