Densify and generalize

View on GitHubSample viewer app

A multipart geometry can be densified by adding interpolated points at regular intervals. Generalizing multipart geometry simplifies it while preserving its general shape. Densifying a multipart geometry adds more vertices at regular intervals.

Image of densify and generalize

Use case

The sample shows a polyline representing a ship's location at irregular intervals. The density of vertices along the ship's route is appropriate to represent the path of the ship at the sample map view's initial scale. However, that level of detail may be too great if you wanted to show a polyline of the ship's movement down the whole of the Willamette river. Then, you might consider generalizing the polyline to still faithfully represent the ship's passage on the river without having an overly complicated geometry.

Densifying a multipart geometry can be used to more accurately represent curved lines or to add more regularity to the vertices making up a multipart geometry.

How to use the sample

Use the sliders to control the parameters of the densify and generalize methods. You can deselect the checkboxes for either method to remove its effect from the result polyline. You can also hide the result to only see the original by deselecting the "Show result" checkbox.

How it works

  1. Use the static method GeometryEngine.densify(polyline, maxSegmentLength) to densify the polyline object. The resulting polyline object will have more points along the line, so that there are no points greater than maxSegmentLength from the next point.
  2. Use the static method GeometryEngine.generalize(polyline, maxDeviation, true) to generalize the polyline object. The resulting polyline object will have points shifted from the original line to simplify the shape. None of these points can deviate farther from the original line than maxDeviation. The last parameter, removeDegenerateParts, will clean up extraneous parts of a multipart geometry. This will have no effect in this sample as the polyline does not contain extraneous parts.
  3. Note that maxSegmentLength and maxDeviation are in the units of the geometry's coordinate system. In this example, a cartesian coordinate system is used and at a small enough scale that geodesic distances are not required.

Relevant API

  • GeometryEngine
  • Multipoint
  • Point
  • PointCollection
  • Polyline
  • SimpleLineSymbol
  • SpatialReference

Tags

densify, Edit and Manage Data, generalize, simplify

Sample Code

DensifyAndGeneralizeController.javaDensifyAndGeneralizeController.javaDensifyAndGeneralizeSample.java
Use dark colors for code blocksCopy
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
/*
 * Copyright 2018 Esri.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not
 * use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of
 * the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
 * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
 * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
 * the License.
 */

package com.esri.samples.densify_and_generalize;

import javafx.fxml.FXML;
import javafx.scene.control.CheckBox;
import javafx.scene.control.Slider;

import com.esri.arcgisruntime.ArcGISRuntimeEnvironment;
import com.esri.arcgisruntime.geometry.GeometryEngine;
import com.esri.arcgisruntime.geometry.Multipoint;
import com.esri.arcgisruntime.geometry.Point;
import com.esri.arcgisruntime.geometry.PointCollection;
import com.esri.arcgisruntime.geometry.Polyline;
import com.esri.arcgisruntime.geometry.SpatialReference;
import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.ArcGISMap;
import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.BasemapStyle;
import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.view.Graphic;
import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.view.GraphicsOverlay;
import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.view.MapView;
import com.esri.arcgisruntime.symbology.SimpleLineSymbol;
import com.esri.arcgisruntime.symbology.SimpleMarkerSymbol;

public class DensifyAndGeneralizeController {

  @FXML private MapView mapView;
  @FXML private Slider maxSegmentLengthSlider;
  @FXML private Slider maxDeviationSlider;
  @FXML private CheckBox resultVisibilityCheckBox;
  @FXML private CheckBox densifyCheckBox;
  @FXML private CheckBox generalizeCheckBox;

  private Polyline originalPolyline;
  private Graphic resultPointsGraphic;
  private Graphic resultPolylineGraphic;

  @FXML
  public void initialize() {
    // authentication with an API key or named user is required to access basemaps and other location services
    String yourAPIKey = System.getProperty("apiKey");
    ArcGISRuntimeEnvironment.setApiKey(yourAPIKey);

    // create a map with the streets night basemap style
    ArcGISMap map = new ArcGISMap(BasemapStyle.ARCGIS_STREETS_NIGHT);

    // set the map to the map view
    mapView.setMap(map);

    // create a graphics overlay
    GraphicsOverlay graphicsOverlay = new GraphicsOverlay();
    mapView.getGraphicsOverlays().add(graphicsOverlay);

    // create some points along a river for the original geometry
    PointCollection points = createShipPoints();

    // show the original points as red dots on the map
    Multipoint originalMultipoint = new Multipoint(points);
    Graphic originalPointsGraphic = new Graphic(originalMultipoint, new SimpleMarkerSymbol(SimpleMarkerSymbol.Style.CIRCLE,
        0xFFFF0000, 7));
    graphicsOverlay.getGraphics().add(originalPointsGraphic);

    // show a dotted red line connecting the original points
    originalPolyline = new Polyline(points);
    Graphic originalPolylineGraphic = new Graphic(originalPolyline, new SimpleLineSymbol(SimpleLineSymbol.Style.DOT,
        0xFFFF0000, 3));
    graphicsOverlay.getGraphics().add(originalPolylineGraphic);

    // show the result (densified and generalized) points as magenta dots on the map
    resultPointsGraphic = new Graphic();
    resultPointsGraphic.setSymbol(new SimpleMarkerSymbol(SimpleMarkerSymbol.Style.CIRCLE, 0xFFFF00FF, 7));
    graphicsOverlay.getGraphics().add(resultPointsGraphic);

    // connect the result points with a magenta line
    resultPolylineGraphic = new Graphic();
    resultPolylineGraphic.setSymbol(new SimpleLineSymbol(SimpleLineSymbol.Style.SOLID, 0xFFFF00FF, 3));
    graphicsOverlay.getGraphics().add(resultPolylineGraphic);

    // update the densified/generalized parameters when the slider values change
    maxSegmentLengthSlider.valueProperty().addListener(o -> updateGeometry());
    maxDeviationSlider.valueProperty().addListener(o -> updateGeometry());

    // set initial values
    maxSegmentLengthSlider.setValue(100);
    maxDeviationSlider.setValue(10);

    // zoom to the original polyline
    mapView.setViewpointGeometryAsync(originalPolyline.getExtent(), 100);
  }

  /**
   * Called when any of the densify/generalize option values are changed. Applies the densify and generalize
   * operations to the original polyline and updates the result graphics with the result geometry.
   */
  @FXML
  private void updateGeometry() {
    Polyline polyline = originalPolyline;
    if (generalizeCheckBox.isSelected()) {
      polyline = (Polyline) GeometryEngine.generalize(polyline, maxDeviationSlider.getValue(), true);
    }
    if (densifyCheckBox.isSelected()) {
      polyline = (Polyline) GeometryEngine.densify(polyline, maxSegmentLengthSlider.getValue());
    }
    resultPolylineGraphic.setGeometry(polyline);
    Multipoint multipoint = new Multipoint(polyline.getParts().getPartsAsPoints());
    resultPointsGraphic.setGeometry(multipoint);
  }

  /**
   * Toggles the visibility of the result graphics depending on the state of the result visibility checkbox.
   */
  @FXML
  private void updateResultVisibility() {
    resultPolylineGraphic.setVisible(resultVisibilityCheckBox.isSelected());
    resultPointsGraphic.setVisible(resultVisibilityCheckBox.isSelected());
  }

  /**
   * Creates a collection of points along the Willamette River in Portland, OR.
   *
   * @return points
   */
  private PointCollection createShipPoints() {
    PointCollection points = new PointCollection(SpatialReference.create(32126));
    points.add(new Point(2330611.130549, 202360.002957, 0.000000));
    points.add(new Point(2330583.834672, 202525.984012, 0.000000));
    points.add(new Point(2330574.164902, 202691.488009, 0.000000));
    points.add(new Point(2330689.292623, 203170.045888, 0.000000));
    points.add(new Point(2330696.773344, 203317.495798, 0.000000));
    points.add(new Point(2330691.419723, 203380.917080, 0.000000));
    points.add(new Point(2330435.065296, 203816.662457, 0.000000));
    points.add(new Point(2330369.500800, 204329.861789, 0.000000));
    points.add(new Point(2330400.929891, 204712.129673, 0.000000));
    points.add(new Point(2330484.300447, 204927.797132, 0.000000));
    points.add(new Point(2330514.469919, 205000.792463, 0.000000));
    points.add(new Point(2330638.099138, 205271.601116, 0.000000));
    points.add(new Point(2330725.315888, 205631.231308, 0.000000));
    points.add(new Point(2330755.640702, 206433.354860, 0.000000));
    points.add(new Point(2330680.644719, 206660.240923, 0.000000));
    points.add(new Point(2330386.957926, 207340.947204, 0.000000));
    points.add(new Point(2330485.861737, 207742.298501, 0.000000));
    return points;
  }

  /**
   * Stops and releases all resources used in application.
   */
  void terminate() {

    if (mapView != null) {
      mapView.dispose();
    }
  }

}

Your browser is no longer supported. Please upgrade your browser for the best experience. See our browser deprecation post for more details.