Direct request

URL:
https://<root>/<serviceName>/NAServer/<layerName>/EditVehicleRoutingProblem
Methods:
GETPOST

Description

Various organizations service orders with a fleet of vehicles. For example, a large furniture store might use several trucks to deliver furniture to homes. A specialized grease recycling company might route trucks from a facility to pick up used grease from restaurants. A health department might schedule daily inspection visits for each of its health inspectors. The problem that is common to these examples is the fleet routing. Each organization needs to determine which orders (homes, restaurants, or inspection sites) should be serviced by each route (truck or inspector) and in what sequence the orders should be visited. The primary goal is to best service the orders and minimize the overall operating cost for the fleet of vehicles. The fleet routing service can be used to determine solutions for such complex fleet management tasks. In addition, the service can solve more specific problems because numerous options are available, such as matching vehicle capacities with order quantities, providing a high level of customer service by honoring any time windows on orders, giving breaks to drivers, and pairing orders so they are serviced by the same route.

Consider an example of delivering goods to grocery stores from a central warehouse location. A fleet of three trucks is available at the warehouse. The warehouse operates only within a certain time window—from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.—during which all trucks must return back to the warehouse. Each truck has a capacity of 15,000 pounds, which limits the amount of goods it can carry. Each store has a demand for a specific amount of goods (in pounds) that needs to be delivered, and each store has time windows that confine when deliveries should be made. Furthermore, the driver can work only eight hours per day, requires a break for lunch, and is paid for the amount of time spent on driving and servicing the stores. The service can be used to determine an itinerary for each route such that the deliveries can be made while honoring all the vehicle and order requirements and minimizing the total time spent on a particular route by the driver.

See the developer documentation to learn more about how to solve the multiple vehicle routing problem (VRP).

Request parameters

ParameterDescription

orders

(Required)

Specify the orders the routes will visit.

Syntax:

depots

(Required)

Specify a location that a vehicle departs from at the beginning of its workday and returns to at the end of the workday.

Syntax:

routes

(Required)

Specify the routes that are available for the given vehicle routing problem.

Syntax:

token

(Required)

Provide the identity of a user that has the permissions to access the service.

f

(Required)

Specify the response format.

The default value is html .

Values: html | json | pjson

default_date

(Optional)

Specify the date on which the routes start as a numeric value representing the milliseconds since midnight, January 1, 1970.

travel_mode

(Optional)

Choose the mode of transportation for the analysis.

The default value is Custom .

Value: JSON object

time_zone_usage_for_time_fields

(Optional)

Specify the time zone for the input date-time fields.

Values: GEO_LOCAL | UTC

impedance

(Optional)

Specify the impedance, which is a value that represents the effort or cost of traveling along road segments or on other parts of the transportation network.

Values: TravelTime | Minutes | TruckTravelTime | TruckMinutes | WalkTime | Miles | Kilometers

breaks

(Optional)

Specify the rest periods, or breaks, for the routes in a given vehicle routing problem.

Syntax:

time_units

(Optional)

Specify the time units for all time-based attribute values specified with different parameters.

The default value is Minutes .

Values: Minutes | Seconds | Hours | Days

distance_units

(Optional)

Specify the distance units for all distance-based attribute values specified with different parameters.

The default value is Miles .

Values: Miles | Kilometers | Feet | Yards | Meters | NauticalMeters

analysis_region

(Optional)

Specify the region in which the analysis will be performed.

uturn_policy

(Optional)

Restrict or permit U-turns at junctions.

The default value is ALLOW_DEAD_ENDS_AND_INTERSECTIONS_ONLY .

Values: ALLOW_DEAD_ENDS_AND_INTERSECTIONS_ONLY | NO_UTURNS | ALLOW_UTURNS | ALLOW_DEAD_ENDS_ONLY

time_window_factor

(Optional)

Rate the importance of honoring time windows without causing violations.

The default value is Medium .

Values: Medium | Low | High

spatially_cluster_routes

(Optional)

Specify whether orders that are assigned to an individual route will be spatially clustered.

The default value is true .

Values: true | false

route_zones

(Optional)

Specify areas that delineate work territories for given routes.

Syntax:

route_renewals

(Optional)

Specify the intermediate depots that routes can visit to reload or unload the cargo they are delivering or picking up.

Syntax:

order_pairs

(Optional)

Pair pickup and delivery orders so they are serviced by the same route.

Syntax:

excess_transit_factor

(Optional)

Rate the importance of reducing excess transit time of order pairs.

The default value is Medium .

Values: Medium | Low | High

point_barriers

(Optional)

Specify one or more points that will be used as temporary restrictions or represent additional time or distance that may be required to travel on the underlying streets.

Syntax:

line_barriers

(Optional)

Specify one or more lines that prohibit travel anywhere the lines intersect the streets.

Syntax:

polygon_barriers

(Optional)

Specify polygons that either completely restrict travel or proportionately scale the time or distance required to travel on the streets intersected by the polygons.

Syntax:

use_hierarchy_in_analysis

(Optional)

Specify whether hierarchy will be used when finding the best routes for the fleet of vehicles.

The default value is true .

Values: true | false

restrictions

(Optional)

Specify the restrictions that will be honored by the service.

You can specify the value of this parameter as follows:

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restrictions=[Avoid Carpool Roads, Avoid Express Lanes, Avoid Gates, Avoid Private Roads, Avoid Unpaved Roads, Driving an Automobile, Roads Under Construction Prohibited, Through Traffic Prohibited]

To view all accepted values for this parameter, see the restrictions parameter below.

attribute_parameter_values

(Optional)

Specify additional values required by an attribute or restriction, such as whether the restriction prohibits, avoids, or prefers travel on restricted roads. To view all accepted values for this parameter, see the attribute_parameter_values parameter below.

populate_route_lines

(Optional)

Specify the shape of the output routes.

The default value is true .

Values: true | false

route_line_simplification_tolerance

(Optional)

Specify the amount by which the returned route geometry will be simplified.

The default value is 10

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{
  "distance": 10,
  "units": "esriMeters"
}

populate_directions

(Optional)

Specify whether driving directions will be generated for the routes that are included as part of the vehicle routing problem solution.

The default value is false .

Values: true | false

directions_language

(Optional)

Specify the language that will be used when generating driving directions. This parameter only applies when the populate_directions parameter is set to true .

The default value is en .

To view all accepted values, see the directions_language parameter below.

directions_style_name

(Optional)

Specify the name of the formatting style for the directions. This parameter only applies when the populate_directions parameter is set to true .

The default value is NA Desktop .

Values: NA Desktop | NA Navigation | NA Campus

save_route_data

(Optional)

Specify whether a .zip file will be created that contains a file geodatabase holding the inputs and outputs of the analysis in a format that can be used to share route layers in the portal.

The default value is false .

Values: true | false

save_output_layer

(Optional)

Specify whether the analysis settings will be saved as a network analysis layer file.

The default value is false .

Values: true | false

overrides

(Optional)

time_impedance

(Optional)

Specify the time-based impedance.

The default value is TravelTime .

Values: TravelTime | Minutes | TruckTravelTime | TruckMinutes | WalkTime

distance_impedance

(Optional)

Specify the distance-based impedance.

The default value is Kilometers .

Values:Miles | Kilometers

populate_stop_shapes

(Optional)

Specify whether shapes will be created for the output assigned and unassigned stops.

The default value is false .

Values: true | false

output_format

(Optional)

Specify the format in which the output features will be created.

The default value is Feature Set .

Values: Feature Set | JSON File | GeoJSON File

ignore_invalid_order_locations

(Optional)

Specify whether invalid orders will be ignored when solving the vehicle routing problem.

The default value is false .

Values: true | false

ignore_network_location_fields

(Optional)

Specifies whether the network location fields will be considered when locating inputs such as stops or facilities on the network.

The default value is false .

Values: true | false

env:outSR

(Optional)

Specify the spatial reference of the geometries.

locate_settings

(Optional)

Specify settings that affect how inputs are located.

Value: JSON object

Required parameters

orders

Specifies one or more locations that the routes of the VRP analysis will visit. An order can represent a delivery (for example, furniture delivery), a pickup (such as an airport shuttle bus picking up a passenger), or some type of service or inspection (a tree trimming job or building inspection, for instance).

The orders parameter can be specified using a JSON structure that represents a set of point features. The parameter is optional; however, the JSON structure must specify either the url or features property:

  • url —Specify a REST query request to any ArcGIS Server feature, map, or geoprocessing service that returns a JSON feature set.

  • features —Specify an array of features.

    Each feature in the features array represents an order and contains the following properties:

    • geometry —Specify the input point geometry containing x and y properties along with the spatialReference property. If the spatialReference property is defined for the entire JSON, you don't need to define this property for each geometry. Doing so reduces the size of the input JSON if the input has many features and improves performance. This property is not required if the coordinates are in the default spatial reference, WGS84. If the coordinates are in a different spatial reference, you must specify the spatial reference's well-known ID (WKID). See Using spatial references to look up WKID values.

    • attributes —Specify each attribute as a key-value pair in which the key is the name of a given field, and the value is the attribute value for the corresponding field.

Attributes for orders

When specifying the orders, you can set properties for each—such as its name or service time—using the following attributes:

  • ObjectID

    The system-managed ID field.

  • Name

    The name of the order. The name must be unique. If the name is left null, a name is automatically generated at solve time.

  • Description

    The descriptive information about the order. This can contain any textual information for the order and has no restrictions for uniqueness. You may want to store a client's ID number in the Name field and the client's actual name or address in the Description field.

  • ServiceTime

    This property specifies the amount of time that will be spent at the network location when the route visits it; that is, it stores the impedance value for the network location. A zero or null value indicates that the network location requires no service time.

    The unit for this field value is specified by the time_units parameter.

  • TimeWindowStart1

    The beginning time of the first time window for the network location. This field can contain a null value; a null value indicates no beginning time.

    A time window only states when a vehicle can arrive at an order; it doesn't state when the service time must be completed. To account for service time and departure before the time window ends, subtract ServiceTime from the TimeWindowEnd1 field.

    The time window fields (TimeWindowStart1 , TimeWindowEnd1 , TimeWindowStart2 , and TimeWindowEnd2 ) must be specified in a date field as an integer that represents the number of milliseconds since epoch (January 1, 1970) and not as date-time values. The time zone for time window fields is specified using the time_zone_usage_for_time_fields parameter. For example, if the orders are located in the Pacific standard time zone and you want the time window to start at 8:00 a.m. (local time) on November 18, 2019, specify the value for the TimeWindowStart1 field as milliseconds since epoch for this date and time, which is 1574064000000. Specify the time_zone_usage_for_time_fields parameter value as GEO_LOCAL .

    When solving a problem that spans multiple time zones, each order's time-window values refer to the time zone in which the order is located.

  • TimeWindowEnd1

    The ending time of the first window for the network location. This field can contain a null value; a null value indicates no ending time.

  • TimeWindowStart2

    The beginning time of the second time window for the network location. This field can contain a null value; a null value indicates that there is no second time window.

    If the first time window is null as specified by the TimeWindowStart1 and TimeWindowEnd1 fields, the second time window must also be null.

    If both time windows are non null, they can't overlap. Also, the second time window must occur after the first.

  • TimeWindowEnd2

    The ending time of the second time window for the network location. This field can contain a null value.

    When TimeWindowStart2 and TimeWindowEnd2 are both null, there is no second time window.

    When TimeWindowStart2 is not null but TimeWindowEnd2 is null, there is a second time window that has a starting time but no ending time. This is valid.

  • MaxViolationTime1

    A time window is considered violated if the arrival time occurs after the time window has ended. This field specifies the maximum allowable violation time for the first time window of the order. It can contain a zero value but can't contain negative values. A zero value indicates that a time window violation at the first time window of the order is unacceptable; that is, the first time window is hard. Conversely, a null value indicates that there is no limit on the allowable violation time. A nonzero value specifies the maximum amount of lateness; for example, a route can arrive at an order up to 30 minutes beyond the end of its first time window.

    The unit for this field value is specified by the time_units parameter

    Time window violations can be tracked and weighted by the solver. Consequently, you can direct the VRP solver to do one of the following:

    • Minimize the overall violation time regardless of the increase in travel cost for the fleet.
    • Find a solution that balances overall violation time and travel cost.
    • Ignore the overall violation time and minimize the travel cost for the fleet.

    By assigning an importance level for the time_window_factor parameter, you are essentially choosing one of these options. In any case, the solver will return an error if the value set for MaxViolationTime1 is surpassed.

  • MaxViolationTime2

    The maximum allowable violation time for the second time window of the order. This field is analogous to the MaxViolationTime1 field.

  • InboundArriveTime

    Defines when the item to be delivered to the order will be ready at the starting depot.

    The order can be assigned to a route only if the inbound arrive time precedes the route's latest start time value; this way, the route cannot leave the depot before the item is ready to be loaded onto it.

    This field can help model scenarios involving inbound-wave transshipments. For example, a job at an order requires special materials that are not currently available at the depot. The materials are being shipped from another location and will arrive at the depot at 11:00 a.m. To ensure a route that leaves before the shipment arrives isn't assigned to the order, the order's inbound arrive time is set to 11:00 a.m. The special materials arrive at 11:00 a.m., they are loaded onto the vehicle, and the vehicle departs from the depot to visit its assigned orders.

  • OutboundDepartTime

    Defines when the item to be picked up at the order must arrive at the ending depot.

    The order can be assigned to a route only if the route can visit the order and reach its end depot before the specified outbound depart time.

  • DeliveryQuantities

    The size of the delivery. You can specify size in any dimension, such as weight, volume, or quantity. You can also specify multiple dimensions, for example, weight and volume.

    Enter delivery quantities without indicating units. For example, if a 300-pound object needs to be delivered to an order, enter 300. You will need to remember that the value is in pounds.

    If you are tracking multiple dimensions, separate the numeric values with a space. For example, if you are recording the weight and volume of a delivery that weighs 2,000 pounds and has a volume of 100 cubic feet, enter 2000 100. Again, you need to remember the units—in this case, pounds and cubic feet. You also need to remember the sequence in which the values and their corresponding units are entered.

    Make sure that Capacities for Routes and DeliveryQuantities and PickupQuantities for Orders are specified in the same manner; that is, the values must be in the same units. If you are using multiple dimensions, the dimensions must be listed in the same sequence for all parameters. For example, if you specify weight in pounds, followed by volume in cubic feet for DeliveryQuantities , the capacity of your routes and the pickup quantities of your orders must be specified the same way: weight in pounds, then volume in cubic feet. If you combine units or change the sequence, you will get unwanted results with no warning messages.

    An empty string or null value is equivalent to all dimensions being infinity. If the string has an insufficient number of values in relation to the capacity count or dimensions being tracked, the remaining values are treated as infinity. Delivery quantities can't be negative.

  • PickupQuantities

    The size of the pickup. You can specify size in any dimension, such as weight, volume, or quantity. You can also specify multiple dimensions, for example, weight and volume. You cannot, however, use negative values. This field is analogous to the DeliveryQuantities field of Orders.

    In the case of an exchange visit, an order can have both delivery and pickup quantities.

  • Revenue

    The income generated if the order is included in a solution. This field can contain a null value—a null value indicates zero revenue—but it can't have a negative value.

    Revenue is included in optimizing the objective function value but is not part of the solution's operating cost; that is, the TotalCost field in the routes never includes revenue in its output. However, revenue weights the relative importance of servicing orders.

  • SpecialtyNames

    A space-separated string containing the names of the specialties required by the order. A null value indicates that the order doesn't require specialties.

    The spelling of any specialties listed in the Orders and Routes classes must match exactly so that the VRP solver can link them together.

    To illustrate what specialties are and how they work, assume a lawn care and tree trimming company has a portion of its orders that requires a bucket truck to trim tall trees. The company enters BucketTruck in the SpecialtyNames field for these orders to indicate their special need. SpecialtyNames is left null for the other orders. Similarly, the company also enters BucketTruck in the SpecialtyNames field of routes that are driven by trucks with hydraulic booms. It leaves the field null for the other routes. At solve time, the VRP solver assigns orders without special needs to any route, but it only assigns orders that need bucket trucks to routes that have them.

  • AssignmentRule

    Specifies the rule for assigning the order to a route. The field value is specified as one of the following integers (use the numeric code, not the name in parentheses):

    • 0 (Exclude)—The order will be excluded from the subsequent solve operation.
    • 1 (Preserve route and relative sequence)—The solver must always assign the order to the preassigned route at the preassigned relative sequence during the solve operation. If this assignment rule can't be followed, it results in an order violation. With this setting, only the relative sequence is maintained, not the absolute sequence. To illustrate what this means, imagine there are two orders: A and B. They have sequence values of 2 and 3, respectively. If you set their AssignmentRule field values to Preserve route and relative sequence, the sequence values for A and B may change after solving because other orders, breaks, and depot visits can be sequenced before, between, or after A and B. However, B cannot be sequenced before A.
    • 2 (Preserve route)—The solver must always assign the order to the preassigned route during the solve operation. A valid sequence must also be set even though the sequence may or may not be preserved. If the order can't be assigned to the specified route, it results in an order violation.
    • 3 (Override)—The solver tries to preserve the route and sequence preassignment for the order during the solve operation. However, a new route or sequence for the order may be assigned if it helps minimize the overall value of the objective function. This is the default value.
    • 4 (Anchor first)—The solver ignores the route and sequence preassignment (if any) for the order during the solve operation. It assigns a route to the order and makes it the first order on that route to minimize the overall value of the objective function.
    • 5 (Anchor last)—The solver ignores the route and sequence preassignment (if any) for the order during the solve operation. It assigns a route to the order and makes it the last order on that route to minimize the overall value of the objective function.

    This field can't contain a null value.

  • CurbApproach

    Specifies the direction a vehicle can arrive at and depart from the order. One of the integers listed in the Coded value column in the following table must be specified as a value of this attribute. The values in the Setting column are the descriptive names for the CurbApproach attribute values that you may have come across when using ArcGIS Network Analyst extension software.

    SettingCoded valueDescription

    Either side of vehicle

    0

    The vehicle can approach and depart the order in either direction, so a U-turn is allowed at the order. This setting can be chosen if it is possible and desirable for a vehicle to turn around at the order. This decision may depend on the width of the road and the amount of traffic or whether the order has a parking lot where vehicles can pull in and turn around.

    Either side of vehicle

    All arrival and departure combinations are allowed with the Either side of vehicle curb approach.

    Right side of vehicle

    1

    When the vehicle approaches and departs the order, the order must be on the right side of the vehicle. A U-turn is prohibited. This is typically used for vehicles such as buses that must arrive with the bus stop on the right side.

    Right side of vehicle

    The allowed arrival and departure combination is shown for the Right side of vehicle curb approach.

    Left side of vehicle

    2

    When the vehicle approaches and departs the order, the order must be on the left side of the vehicle. A U-turn is prohibited. This is typically used for vehicles such as buses that must arrive with the bus stop on the left side.

    Left side of vehicle

    The allowed arrival and departure combination is shown for the Left side of vehicle curb approach.

    No U-Turn

    3

    When the vehicle approaches the order, the order can be on either side of the vehicle; however, when it departs, the vehicle must continue in the same direction it arrived. A U-turn is prohibited.

    No U-turns

    The allowed arrival and departure combinations are shown for the No U-Turn curb approach.

    The CurbApproach attribute is designed to work with both kinds of national driving standards: right-hand traffic (United States) and left-hand traffic (United Kingdom). First, consider an order on the left side of a vehicle. It is always on the left side regardless of whether the vehicle travels on the left or right half of the road. What may change with national driving standards is your decision to approach an order from one of two directions, that is, so it ends up on the right or left side of the vehicle. For example, if you want to arrive at an order and not have a lane of traffic between the vehicle and the order, choose 1 (Right side of vehicle) in the United States and 2 (Left side of vehicle) in the United Kingdom.

    Right side of vehicle with right-hand traffic

    With right-hand traffic, the curb approach that leaves the vehicle closest to the stop is Right side of vehicle.

    Left side of vehicle with left-hand traffic

    With left-hand traffic, the curb approach that leaves the vehicle closest to the stop is Left side of vehicle.

  • RouteName

    The name of the route to which the order is assigned.

    This field is used to preassign an order to a specific route. It can contain a null value, indicating that the order is not preassigned to any route, and the solver identifies the best possible route assignment for the order. If this is set to null, the Sequence field must also be set to null.

    After a solve operation, if the order is routed, the RouteName field contains the name of the route to which the order is assigned.

  • Sequence

    This indicates the sequence of the order on its assigned route.

    This field is used to specify the relative sequence of an order on the route. This field can contain a null value specifying that the order can be placed anywhere along the route. A null value can only occur together with a null RouteName value.

    The input sequence values are positive and unique for each route (shared across renewal depot visits, orders, and breaks) but do not need to start from 1 or be contiguous.

    After a solve operation, the Sequence field contains the sequence value of the order on its assigned route. Output sequence values for a route are shared across depot visits, orders, and breaks; start from 1 (at the starting depot); and are consecutive. The smallest possible output sequence value for a routed order is 2, since a route always begins at a depot.

  • Bearing

    The direction in which a point is moving. The units are degrees and are measured clockwise from true north. This field is used in conjunction with the BearingTol field.

    Bearing data is usually sent automatically from a mobile device equipped with a GPS receiver. Try to include bearing data if you are loading an input location that is moving, such as a pedestrian or a vehicle.

    Using this field tends to prevent adding locations to the wrong edges, which can occur when a vehicle is near an intersection or an overpass, for example. Bearing also helps the tool determine on which side of the street the point is.

    Learn more about bearing and bearing tolerance

  • BearingTol

    The bearing tolerance value creates a range of acceptable bearing values when locating moving points on an edge using the Bearing field. If the Bearing field value is within the range of acceptable values that are generated from the bearing tolerance on an edge, the point can be added as a network location there; otherwise, the closest point on the next-nearest edge is evaluated.

    The units are in degrees, and the default value is 30. Values must be greater than 0 and less than 180. A value of 30 means that when Network Analyst attempts to add a network location on an edge, a range of acceptable bearing values is generated 15 degrees to either side of the edge (left and right) and in both digitized directions of the edge.

    Learn more about bearing and bearing tolerance

  • NavLatency

    This field is only used in the solve process if the Bearing and BearingTol fields also have values; however, entering a NavLatency field value is optional, even when values are present in Bearing and BearingTol . NavLatency indicates how much cost is expected to elapse from the moment GPS information is sent from a moving vehicle to a server and the moment the processed route is received by the vehicle's navigation device.

    The units of NavLatency are the same as the units of the impedance attribute.

Syntax examples for orders

Syntax for specifying orders using JSON structure for features:

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{
  "spatialReference": {
    "wkid": <wkid>,
    "latestWkid": <wkid>
  },
  "features": [
    {
      "geometry": {
        "x": <x1>,
        "y": <y1>
      },
      "attributes": {
        "<field1>": <value11>,
        "<field2>": <value12>
      }
    },
    {
      "geometry": {
        "x": <x2>,
        "y": <y2>
      },
      "attributes": {
        "<field1>": <value21>,
        "<field2>": <value22>
      }
    }
  ]
}

Syntax for specifying orders using a URL returning a JSON response:

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{
  "url": "<url>"
}

Examples for orders

Example 1: Specify orders in the spatial reference of the network dataset using JSON structure. This example also shows how to specify attributes for the orders.

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{
  "features": [
    {
      "geometry": {
        "x": -0.1891,
        "y": 51.5254
      },
      "attributes": {
        "Name": "Order 1",
        "TimeWindowStart1": null,
        "TimeWindowEnd1": 1562061600000,
        "MaxViolationTime1": 0,
        "DeliveryQuantities": "2000 100"
      }
    },
    {
      "geometry": {
        "x": -0.1744,
        "y": 51.5353
      },
      "attributes": {
        "Name": "Order 2",
        "TimeWindowStart1": 1562054400000,
        "TimeWindowEnd1": 1562061600000,
        "MaxViolationTime1": 30,
        "DeliveryQuantities": "1500 75"
      }
    }
  ]
}

Example 2: Specify orders in the Web Mercator spatial reference using JSON structure.

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{
  "spatialReference": {
    "wkid": 102100
  },
  "features": [
    {
      "geometry": {
        "x": 2698533.989,
        "y": 5192521.476
      },
      "attributes": {
        "Name": "200156",
        "SpecialtyNames": "Forklift",
        "PickupQuantities": 1,
        "ServiceTime": 60,
        "CurbApproach": 3
      }
    },
    {
      "geometry": {
        "x": 2697821.094,
        "y": 5191915.261
      },
      "attributes": {
        "Name": "300242",
        "DeliveryQuantities": 1,
        "ServiceTime": 30
      }
    }
  ]
}

Example 3: Specify orders using a URL.

The URL makes a query for features from a map service. A URL querying features from a feature service can also be specified.

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{
  "url": "https://machine.domain.com/webadaptor/rest/services/NetworkAnalysis/SanDiego/MapServer/21/query?where=1%3D1&outFields=Name&f=json"
}

depots

Specifies one or more depots for the given vehicle routing problem. A depot is a location that a vehicle departs from at the beginning of its workday and returns to at the end of the workday. Vehicles are loaded (for deliveries) or unloaded (for pickups) at depots. In some cases, a depot can also act as a renewal location whereby the vehicle can unload or reload and continue performing deliveries and pickups. A depot has open and close times, as specified by a hard time window. Vehicles can't arrive at a depot outside of this time window.

The depots parameter can be specified using a JSON structure that represents a set of point features. The property is optional; however, the JSON structure must specify either the url or the features property:

  • url —Specify a REST query request to any ArcGIS Server feature, map, or geoprocessing service that returns a JSON feature set.

  • features —Specify an array of features.

    Each feature in the features array represents a depot and contains the following properties:

    • geometry —Specify the input point geometry containing x and y properties along with the spatialReference property. If the spatialReference property is defined for the entire JSON, you don't need to define this property for each geometry. Doing so reduces the size of the input JSON if the input has many features and improves performance. This property is not required if the coordinates are in the default spatial reference, WGS84. If the coordinates are in a different spatial reference, you must specify the spatial reference's well-known ID (WKID). See Using spatial references to look up WKID values.

    • attributes —Specify each attribute as a key-value pair in which the key is the name of a given field, and the value is the attribute value for the corresponding field.

Attributes for depots

When specifying the depots, you can set properties for each—such as its name or service time—using the following attributes:

  • ObjectID

    The system-managed ID field.

  • Name

    The name of the depot. The StartDepotName and EndDepotName fields on routes reference the names you specify here. It is also referenced by the route renewals, when used.

    Depot names are not case sensitive but must be nonempty and unique.

  • Description

    The descriptive information about the depot location. This can contain any textual information and has no restrictions for uniqueness.

    For example, if you want to note which region a depot is in or the depot's address and telephone number, you can enter the information here rather than in the Name field.

  • TimeWindowStart1

    The beginning time of the first time window for the network location. This field can contain a null value; a null value indicates no beginning time.

    The time window fields (TimeWindowStart1 , TimeWindowEnd1 , TimeWindowStart2 , and TimeWindowEnd2 ) must be specified in a date field as an integer that represents the number of milliseconds since epoch (January 1, 1970), not as date-time values. The time zone for time window fields is specified using the time_zone_usage_for_time_fields parameter. For example, if the orders are located in the Pacific standard time zone and you want to specify that the time window start at 8:00 a.m. local time on November 18, 2019, the value for the TimeWindowStart1 field should be specified as milliseconds since epoch for this date and time, which is 1574064000000. You also should specify the time_zone_usage_for_time_fields parameter value as GEO_LOCAL .

    When solving a problem that spans multiple time zones, each depot's time-window values refer to the time zone in which the depot is located.

  • TimeWindowEnd1

    The ending time of the first window for the network location. This field can contain a null value; a null value indicates no ending time.

  • TimeWindowStart2

    The beginning time of the second time window for the network location. This field can contain a null value; a null value indicates that there is no second time window.

    If the first time window is null, as specified by the TimeWindowStart1 and TimeWindowEnd1 fields, the second time window must also be null.

    If both time windows are not null, they can't overlap. Also, the second time window must occur after the first.

  • TimeWindowEnd2

    The ending time of the second time window for the network location. This field can contain a null value.

    When TimeWindowStart2 and TimeWindowEnd2 are both null, there is no second time window.

    When TimeWindowStart2 is not null but TimeWindowEnd2 is null, there is a second time window that has a starting time but no ending time. This is valid.

  • CurbApproach

    Specifies the direction a vehicle can arrive at and depart from the depot. One of the integers listed in the Coded value column in the following table must be specified as a value of this attribute. The values in the Setting column are the descriptive names for CurbApproach attribute values that you may have come across when using the ArcGIS Network Analyst extension.

    SettingCoded valueDescription

    Either side of vehicle

    0

    The vehicle can approach and depart the depot in either direction, so a U-turn is allowed at the depot. This setting can be chosen if it is possible and desirable for a vehicle to turn around at the depot. This decision may depend on the width of the road and the amount of traffic or whether the depot has a parking lot where vehicles can pull in and turn around.

    Either side of vehicle

    All arrival and departure combinations are allowed with the Either side of vehicle curb approach.

    Right side of vehicle

    1

    When the vehicle approaches and departs the depot, the depot must be on the right side of the vehicle. A U-turn is prohibited. This is typically used for vehicles such as buses that must arrive with the bus stop on the right side.

    Right side of vehicle

    The allowed arrival and departure combination for the Right side of vehicle curb approach

    Left side of vehicle

    2

    When the vehicle approaches and departs the depot, the depot must be on the left side of the vehicle. A U-turn is prohibited. This is typically used for vehicles such as buses that must arrive with the bus stop on the left side.

    Left side of vehicle

    The allowed arrival and departure combination for the Left side of vehicle curb approach

    No U-Turn

    3

    When the vehicle approaches the depot, the depot can be on either side of the vehicle; however, when it departs, the vehicle must continue in the same direction it which it arrived. A U-turn is prohibited.

    No U-Turn

    The allowed arrival and departure combinations for the No U-Turn curb approach

    The CurbApproach attribute is designed to work with both kinds of national driving standards: right-hand traffic (United States) and left-hand traffic (United Kingdom). First, consider a depot on the left side of a vehicle. It is always on the left side regardless of whether the vehicle travels on the left or right half of the road. What may change with national driving standards is your decision to approach a depot from one of two directions, that is, so it ends up on the right or left side of the vehicle. For example, if you want to arrive at a depot and not have a lane of traffic between the vehicle and the depot, choose 1 (Right side of vehicle) in the United States and 2 (Left side of vehicle) in the United Kingdom.

    Right side of vehicle with right-hand traffic

    With right-hand traffic, the curb approach that leaves the vehicle closest to the stop is Right side of vehicle.

    Left side of vehicle with left-hand traffic

    With left-hand traffic, the curb approach that leaves the vehicle closest to the stop is Left side of vehicle.

  • Bearing

    The direction in which a point is moving. The units are degrees and are measured clockwise from true north. This field is used in conjunction with the BearingTol field.

    Bearing data is usually sent automatically from a mobile device equipped with a GPS receiver. Try to include bearing data if you are loading an input location that is moving, such as a pedestrian or a vehicle.

    Using this field tends to prevent adding locations to the wrong edges, which can occur when a vehicle is near an intersection or an overpass, for example. Bearing also helps the tool determine on which side of the street the point is.

    Learn more about bearing and bearing tolerance

  • BearingTol

    The bearing tolerance value creates a range of acceptable bearing values when locating moving points on an edge using the Bearing field. If the Bearing field value is within the range of acceptable values that are generated from the bearing tolerance on an edge, the point can be added as a network location there; otherwise, the closest point on the next-nearest edge is evaluated.

    The units are in degrees, and the default value is 30. Values must be greater than 0 and less than 180. A value of 30 means that when Network Analyst attempts to add a network location on an edge, a range of acceptable bearing values is generated 15 degrees to either side of the edge (left and right) and in both digitized directions of the edge.

    Learn more about bearing and bearing tolerance

  • NavLatency

    This field is only used in the solve process if the Bearing and BearingTol fields also have values; however, entering a NavLatency field value is optional, even when values are present in Bearing and BearingTol . NavLatency indicates how much cost is expected to elapse from the moment GPS information is sent from a moving vehicle to a server and the moment the processed route is received by the vehicle's navigation device.

    The units of NavLatency are the same as the units of the impedance attribute.

Syntax examples for depots

Syntax for specifying depots using JSON structure for features

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{
  "spatialReference": {
    "wkid": <wkid>,
    "latestWkid": <wkid>
  },
  "features": [
    {
      "geometry": {
        "x": <x1>,
        "y": <y1>
      },
      "attributes": {
        "<field1>": <value11>,
        "<field2>": <value12>
      }
    },
    {
      "geometry": {
        "x": <x2>,
        "y": <y2>
      },
      "attributes": {
        "<field1>": <value21>,
        "<field2>": <value22>
      }
    }
  ]
}

Syntax for specifying depots using a URL returning a JSON response

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{
  "url": "<url>"
}

Examples for depots

Example 1: Specify depots in the spatial reference of the network dataset using JSON structure. The example shows how to specify some attributes for the depots.

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{
  "features": [
    {
      "geometry": {
        "x": -0.1891,
        "y": 51.5254
      },
      "attributes": {
        "Name": "Depot1",
        "TimeWindowStart1": null,
        "TimeWindowEnd1": "1358362800000"
      }
    },
    {
      "geometry": {
        "x": -0.1744,
        "y": 51.5353
      },
      "attributes": {
        "Name": "Depot2",
        "TimeWindowStart1": "1358359200000",
        "TimeWindowEnd1": "1358362800000"
      }
    }
  ]
}

Example 2: Specify depots in the Web Mercator spatial reference using JSON structure.

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{
  "spatialReference": {
    "wkid": 102100
  },
  "features": [
    {
      "geometry": {
        "x": 2698533.989,
        "y": 5192521.476
      },
      "attributes": {
        "Name": "400181",
        "CurbApproach": 3
      }
    },
    {
      "geometry": {
        "x": 2697821.094,
        "y": 5191915.261
      },
      "attributes": {
        "Name": "400161",
        "CurbApproach": 1
      }
    }
  ]
}

Example 3: Specify depots using a URL.

The URL makes a query for a few features from a map service. A URL querying features from a feature service can also be specified.

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{
  "url": "https://machine.domain.com/webadaptor/rest/services/NetworkAnalysis/SanDiego/MapServer/21/query?where=1%3D1&outFields=Name&f=json"
}

routes

Specifies one or more routes that describe vehicle and driver characteristics. A route can have start and end depot service times, a fixed or flexible starting time, time-based operating costs, distance-based operating costs, multiple capacities, various constraints on a driver's workday, and so on.

The routes parameter can be specified using a JSON structure that represents a set of point features. The property is optional; however, the JSON structure must specify either the url or the features property:

  • url —Specify a REST query request to any ArcGIS Server feature, map, or geoprocessing service that returns a JSON feature set.

  • features —Specify an array of features.

    Each feature in the features array represents a route and contains the following properties:

    • geometry —Specify the input point geometry containing x and y properties along with the spatialReference property. If the spatialReference property is defined for the entire JSON, you don't need to define this property for each geometry. Doing so reduces the size of the input JSON if the input has many features and improves performance. This property is not required if the coordinates are in the default spatial reference, WGS84. If the coordinates are in a different spatial reference, you must specify the spatial reference's well-known ID (WKID). See Using spatial references to look up WKID values.

    • attributes —Specify each attribute as a key-value pair in which the key is the name of a given field, and the value is the attribute value for the corresponding field.

Attributes for routes

When specifying the routes, you can specify additional properties, such as their names or capacities, using attributes. The routes parameter can be specified with the following attributes:

  • Name

    The name of the route. The name must be unique.

    The service generates a unique name if the attribute value is null. Therefore, specifying a value is optional in most cases. However, you must specify a name if the analysis includes breaks, route renewals, route zones, or orders that are preassigned to a route because the route name is used as a foreign key in these cases. Route names are not case sensitive.

  • StartDepotName

    The name of the starting depot for the route. This attribute is a foreign key to the Name attribute in the depots parameter, so the values must match.

    If the StartDepotName value is null, the route will begin from the first order assigned. Omitting the start depot is useful when the vehicle's starting location is unknown or irrelevant to the routing problem. However, when StartDepotName is null, EndDepotName cannot also be null.

    Virtual start depots are not allowed if orders or depots are in multiple time zones.

    If the route is making deliveries and StartDepotName is null, it is assumed the cargo is loaded on the vehicle at a virtual depot before the route begins. For a route that has no renewal visits, its delivery orders (those with nonzero DeliveryQuantities values in the orders parameter) are loaded at the start depot or virtual depot. For a route that has renewal visits, only the delivery orders before the first renewal visit are loaded at the start depot or virtual depot.

  • EndDepotName

    The name of the ending depot for the route. This attribute is a foreign key to the Name attribute in the depots parameter, so the values must match.

  • StartDepotServiceTime

    The service time at the starting depot. This can be used to model the time spent loading the vehicle. This attribute can contain a null value; a null value indicates zero service time. The unit for this attribute value is specified by the time_units parameter.

  • EndDepotServiceTime

    The service time at the ending depot. This can be used to model the time spent unloading the vehicle. This attribute can contain a null value; a null value indicates zero service time. The unit for this attribute value is specified by the time_units parameter.

    The service times at the start and end depots are fixed values (given by the StartDepotServiceTime and EndDepotServiceTime attribute values) and do not take into account the actual load for a route. For example, the time taken to load a vehicle at the starting depot may depend on the size of the orders. The depot service times can be given values corresponding to a full truckload or an average truckload, or you can make your own time estimate.

  • EarliestStartTime

    The earliest allowable starting time for the route. This is used by the service in conjunction with the time window of the starting depot for determining feasible route start times.

    This attribute can't contain null values and has a default time-only value of 8:00 AM on the date specified by the default_date parameter or the current date if unspecified.

  • LatestStartTime

    The latest allowable starting time for the route. This attribute can't contain null values and has a default time-only value of 10:00 AM; the default value is interpreted as 10:00 a.m. on the date specified by the default_date parameter.

    The value for the EarliestStartTime and LatestStartTime attributes is specified in a date field as an integer that represents the number of milliseconds since epoch (January 1, 1970).

    The time zone is specified using the time_zone_usage_for_time_fields parameter. If set to GEO_LOCAL , the time is in the time zone where the route's depot is located. This is useful if the routes span multiple time zones but they all start at a consistent time (for example, 8:00 a.m. in the depot's time zone). If the parameter is set to UTC , the time is based on UTC. This is useful if you don't know the time zone of an individual route's depot but know its absolute time (for example, the time window starts an hour from now).

  • ArriveDepartDelay

    This stores the amount of travel time needed to accelerate the vehicle to normal travel speeds, decelerate it to a stop, and move it off and on the network (for example, in and out of parking). By including an ArriveDepartDelay value, the service is deterred from sending many routes to service physically coincident orders.

    The cost for this attribute is incurred between visits to noncoincident orders, depots, and route renewals. For example, when a route starts from a depot and visits the first order, the total arrive/depart delay is added to the travel time. The same is true when traveling from the first order to the second order. If the second and third orders are coincident, the ArriveDepartDelay value is not added between them because the vehicle doesn't need to move. If the route travels to a route renewal, the value is added to the travel time again.

    Although a vehicle needs to slow down and stop for a break and accelerate afterward, the service cannot add the ArriveDepartDelay value for breaks. This means that if a route leaves an order, stops for a break, and continues to the next order, the arrive/depart delay is added only once, not twice.

    For example, there are five coincident orders in a high-rise building, and they are serviced by three routes. This means three arrive/depart delays would be incurred; that is, three drivers would need to separately find parking places and enter the same building. However, if the orders could be serviced by just one route, only one driver would need to park and enter the building—only one arrive/depart delay would be incurred. Since the service tries to minimize cost, it will try to limit the arrive/depart delays and use the single-route option. (Multiple routes may need to be sent when other constraints—such as specialties, time windows, or capacities—require it.)

    The unit for this attribute value is specified by the time_units parameter.

  • Capacities

    The maximum capacity of the vehicle. You can specify capacity in any dimension, such as weight, volume, or quantity. You can also specify multiple dimensions, for example, weight and volume.

    Specify capacities without indicating units. For example, if a vehicle can carry a maximum of 40,000 pounds, specify 40000 as the value for the Capacities attribute. You need to remember for future reference that the value is in pounds.

    If you are tracking multiple dimensions, separate the numeric values with a space. For example, if you are recording both weight and volume and the vehicle can carry a maximum weight of 40,000 pounds and a maximum volume of 2,000 cubic feet, specify 40000 2000 for Capacities . Again, you need to remember the units. You also need to remember the sequence in which the values and their corresponding units are specified (pounds followed by cubic feet in this case).

    Remembering the units and the unit sequence is important for a couple of reasons: first, so you can reinterpret the information later, and second, so you can properly enter values for the DeliveryQuantities and PickupQuantities attributes in the orders parameter. The service simultaneously checks the Capacities , DeliveryQuantities , and PickupQuantities attributes to make sure that a route doesn't become overloaded. Since units can't be entered in the field, the service can't make unit conversions, so you need to specify the values for the three attributes using the same units and the same unit sequence to ensure the values are correctly interpreted. If you combine units or change the sequence in any of the three attributes, you will get unwanted results without receiving any warning messages. It is recommended that you set up a unit and unit-sequence standard before you start and refer to it when specifying values for these three attributes.

    An empty string or null value is equivalent to all values being zero. Capacity values can't be negative.

    If the Capacities string has an insufficient number of values in relation to the DeliveryQuantities or PickupQuantities attributes in the orders parameter, the remaining values are treated as zero.

  • FixedCost

    A fixed monetary cost that is incurred only if the route is used in a solution (that is, it has orders assigned to it). This attribute can contain null values; a null value indicates zero fixed cost. This cost is part of the total route operating cost.

  • CostPerUnitTime

    The monetary cost incurred per unit of work time for the total route duration, including travel times as well as service times and wait times at orders, depots, and breaks. This attribute can't contain a null value and has a default value of 1.0. The unit for this attribute value is specified by the time_units parameter.

  • CostPerUnitDistance

    The monetary cost incurred per unit of distance traveled for the route length (total travel distance). This attribute can contain null values; a null value indicates zero cost. The unit for this attribute value is specified by the distance_units parameter.

  • OverTimeStartTime

    The duration of regular work time before overtime computation begins. This attribute can contain null values; a null value indicates that overtime does not apply. The unit for this attribute value is specified by the time_units parameter.

    For example, if the driver is to be paid overtime pay when the total route duration extends beyond eight hours, OvertimeStartTime is specified as 480 (8 hours * 60 minutes/hour), given the time_units parameter is set to Minutes .

  • CostPerUnitOvertime

    The monetary cost incurred per time unit of overtime work. This attribute can contain null values; a null value indicates that the CostPerUnitOvertime value is the same as the CostPerUnitTime value. The unit for this attribute value is specified by the time_units parameter.

  • MaxOrderCount

    The maximum allowable number of orders on the route. This attribute can't contain null values and has a default value of 30.

  • MaxTotalTime

    The maximum allowable route duration. The route duration includes travel times as well as service and wait times at orders, depots, and breaks. This attribute can contain null values; a null value indicates that there is no constraint on the route duration. The unit for this attribute value is specified by the time_units parameter.

  • MaxTotalTravelTime

    The maximum allowable travel time for the route. The travel time includes only the time spent driving on the streets and does not include service or wait times. This attribute can contain null values; a null value indicates there is no constraint on the maximum allowable travel time. This attribute value can't be larger than the MaxTotalTime attribute value. The unit for this attribute value is specified by the time_units parameter.

  • MaxTotalDistance

    The maximum allowable travel distance for the route. This attribute can contain null values; a null value indicates that there is no constraint on the maximum allowable travel distance. The unit for this attribute value is specified by the distance_units parameter.

  • SpecialtyNames

    A space-separated string containing the names of the specialties supported by the route. A null value indicates that the route does not support any specialties. This attribute is a foreign key to the SpecialtyNames attribute in the orders parameter, so the values must match.

    For example, a lawn care and tree trimming company has a portion of its orders that requires a bucket truck to trim tall trees. The company specifies BucketTruck as the value for the SpecialtyNames attribute for these orders to indicate their special need. SpecialtyNames is left as null for the other orders. Similarly, the company also specifies BucketTruck as the value for the SpecialtyNames attribute for the routes that are driven by trucks with hydraulic booms. It leaves the attribute value as null for the other routes. When finding the solution, the service assigns orders without special needs to any route, but it only assigns orders that need bucket trucks to routes that have them.

  • AssignmentRule

    Specifies whether the route can be used when solving the problem. The attribute value should be specified as one of the following integer values:

    • 0 —The route is excluded from the solution.
    • 1 —The route is included when finding the solution. This is the default value.

Syntax examples for routes

Syntax for specifying routes using JSON structure for features

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{
  "features": [
    {
      "attributes": {
        "<field1>": <value11>,
        "<field2>": <value12>
      }
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "<field1>": <value21>,
        "<field2>": <value22>
      }
    }
  ]
}

Syntax for specifying routes using a URL returning a JSON response

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{
  "url": "<url>"
}

Example for routes

Example: Specify routes using JSON structure.

Unlike the depots and orders parameters, the spatialReference and geometry properties are not required when specifying the routes parameter. This example also shows how to specify attributes for the depots.

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{
  "features": [
    {
      "attributes": {
        "Name": "Truck1",
        "Capacities": "40000 2000",
        "StartDepotName": "Depot1",
        "EndDepotName": "Depot1",
        "SpecialtyNames": "BucketTruck"
      }
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "Name": "Truck2",
        "Capacities": "30000 2500",
        "StartDepotName": "Depot2",
        "EndDepotName": "Depot2",
        "SpecialtyNames": null
      }
    }
  ]
}

token

Use this parameter to specify a token that provides the identity of a user that has the permissions to access the service. The security and authentication page provides more information about how an access token can be obtained.

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token=<yourToken>

f

Use this parameter to specify the response format. The parameter can have html , json or pjson as arguments, for example, f=json . The pjson value is used for printing the JSON response in a prettified format.

Optional parameters

default_date

Use this parameter to specify the date all of the routes start.

Specify the parameter value as a numeric value representing the milliseconds since midnight, January 1, 1970.

Only the date portion of this value will be used; the time-specific portion of the value will be ignored.

You can use the same value that you have specified for the EarliestStartTime attribute for each route feature in the routes parameter. If the routes start on different dates, you can use any date from one of them.

travel_mode

Choose the mode of transportation for the analysis.

Travel modes are managed in ArcGIS Enterprise and can be configured by the administrator of your organization to better reflect the organization's workflows.

To learn more about travel modes, see Configure travel modes.

You must specify the JSON object containing the settings for a travel mode supported by your organization. To get a list of supported travel modes, execute the GetTravelModes tool from the Utilities service.

The value for the travel_mode parameter should be a JSON object representing travel mode settings. When you use the GetTravelModes tool from the Utilities service, you get a string representing the travel mode JSON. You need to convert this string to a valid JSON object using your API and then pass the JSON object as the value for the travel_mode parameter.

For example, below is a string representing the Walking Time travel mode as returned by the GetTravelModes tool.

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"{\"attributeParameterValues\": [{\"parameterName\": \"Restriction Usage\", \"attributeName\": \"Walking\", \"value\": \"PROHIBITED\"}, {\"parameterName\": \"Restriction Usage\", \"attributeName\": \"Preferred for Pedestrians\", \"value\": \"PREFER_LOW\"}, {\"parameterName\": \"Walking Speed (km/h)\", \"attributeName\": \"WalkTime\", \"value\": 5}], \"description\": \"Follows paths and roads that allow pedestrian traffic and finds solutions that optimize travel time. The walking speed is set to 5 kilometers per hour.\", \"impedanceAttributeName\": \"WalkTime\", \"simplificationToleranceUnits\": \"esriMeters\", \"uturnAtJunctions\": \"esriNFSBAllowBacktrack\", \"restrictionAttributeNames\": [\"Preferred for Pedestrians\", \"Walking\"], \"useHierarchy\": false, \"simplificationTolerance\": 2, \"timeAttributeName\": \"WalkTime\", \"distanceAttributeName\": \"Miles\", \"type\": \"WALK\", \"id\": \"caFAgoThrvUpkFBW\", \"name\": \"Walking Time\"}"

The above value should be converted to a valid JSON object and passed as the value for the travel_mode parameter.

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travel_mode={"attributeParameterValues":[{"parameterName":"Restriction Usage","attributeName":"Walking","value":"PROHIBITED"},{"parameterName":"Restriction Usage","attributeName":"Preferred for Pedestrians","value":"PREFER_LOW"},{"parameterName":"Walking Speed (km/h)","attributeName":"WalkTime","value":5}],"description":"Follows paths and roads that allow pedestrian traffic and finds solutions that optimize travel time. The walking speed is set to 5 kilometers per hour.","impedanceAttributeName":"WalkTime","simplificationToleranceUnits":"esriMeters","uturnAtJunctions":"esriNFSBAllowBacktrack","restrictionAttributeNames":["Preferred for Pedestrians","Walking"],"useHierarchy":false,"simplificationTolerance":2,"timeAttributeName":"WalkTime","distanceAttributeName":"Miles","type":"WALK","id":"caFAgoThrvUpkFBW","name":"Walking Time"}

The default value,Custom , allows you to configure your own travel mode. When you pass in Custom , you can set values for the following parameters: impedance , time_impedance , distance_impedance , uturn_at_junctions , use_hierarchy , route_line_simplification_tolerance , restrictions , and attribute_parameter_values . You can choose Custom and set the custom travel mode parameters listed above, for example, to model a pedestrian with a fast walking speed or a truck with a given height, weight, and cargo of certain hazardous materials. You can try out different settings to get desired analysis results. Once you have identified the analysis settings, you should work with your organization's administrator and save these settings as part of new or existing travel mode so that everyone in your organization can rerun the analysis with the same settings.

The default values of the custom travel mode parameters model traveling by car. If you specify the travel mode as Custom or do not provide a value for the travel_mode parameter, the analysis will be similar to using the default Driving Time travel mode.

time_zone_usage_for_time_fields

Use this parameter to specify the time zone for the input date-time fields. This parameter specifies the time zone for the following fields: TimeWindowStart1 , TimeWindowEnd1 , TimeWindowStart2 , TimeWindowEnd2 , InboundArriveTime , and OutboundDepartTime on orders ; TimeWindowStart1 , TimeWindowEnd1 , TimeWindowStart2 , and TimeWindowEnd2 on depots ; EarliestStartTime and LatestStartTime on routes ; and TimeWindowStart and TimeWindowEnd on breaks .

  • GEO_LOCAL —The date-time values associated with the orders or depots are in the time zone in which the orders and depots are located. For routes, the date-time values are based on the time zone in which the starting depot for the route is located. If a route does not have a starting depot, all orders and depots across all the routes must be in a single time zone. For breaks, the date-time values are based on the time zone of the routes. For example, if a depot is located in an area that follows eastern standard time and has the first time window values (specified as TimeWindowStart1 and TimeWindowEnd1 ) of 8 AM and 5 PM, the time window values will be treated as 8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. in eastern standard time.
  • UTC —The date-time values associated with the orders or depots are in coordinated universal time (UTC) and are not based on the time zone in which the orders or depots are located. For example, if a depot is located in an area that follows eastern standard time and has the first time window values (specified as TimeWindowStart1 and TimeWindowEnd1 ) of 8 AM and 5 PM, the time window values will be treated as 3:00 a.m. and 12:00 p.m. in eastern standard time.

impedance

Specify the impedance.

Impedance is a value that quantifies travel along the transportation network. Travel distance is an example of impedance; it quantifies the length of walkways and road segments. Similarly, drive time—the typical time it takes to drive a car along a road segment—is an example of impedance. Drive times may vary by type of vehicle—for instance, the time it takes for a truck to travel along a path tends to be longer than a car—so there can be many impedance values representing travel times for different vehicle types. Impedance values may also vary with time; live and typical traffic reference dynamic impedance values. Each walkway and road segment stores at least one impedance value. When performing a network analysis, the impedance values are used to calculate the best results, such as finding the shortest route—the route that minimizes impedance—between two points.

The impedance parameter can be specified using the following values:

  • TravelTime—Historical and live traffic data is used. This option is good for modeling the time it takes automobiles to travel along roads at a specific time of day using live traffic speed data where available. When using TravelTime, you can optionally set the TravelTime::Vehicle Maximum Speed (km/h) attribute parameter to specify the physical limitation of the speed the vehicle is capable of traveling.
  • Minutes—Live traffic data is not used, but historical average speeds for automobiles data is used.
  • TruckTravelTime—Historical and live traffic data is used, but the speed is capped at the posted truck speed limit. This is good for modeling the time it takes for the trucks to travel along roads at a specific time. When using TruckTravelTime, you can optionally set the TruckTravelTime::Vehicle Maximum Speed (km/h) attribute parameter to specify the physical limitation of the speed the truck is capable of traveling.
  • TruckMinutes—Live traffic data is not used, but the smaller of the historical average speeds for automobiles and the posted speed limits for trucks are used.
  • WalkTime—The default is a speed of 5 km/hr on all roads and paths, but this can be configured through the WalkTime::Walking Speed (km/h) attribute parameter.
  • Miles—Length measurements along roads are stored in miles and can be used for performing analysis based on shortest distance.
  • Kilometers—Length measurements along roads are stored in kilometers and can be used for performing analysis based on shortest distance.

If you choose a time-based impedance, such as TravelTime , TruckTravelTime , Minutes , TruckMinutes , or WalkTime , the measurement_units parameter must be set to a time-based value; if you choose a distance-based impedance such as Miles , Kilometers , the measurement_units must be distance-based.

breaks

These are the rest periods, or breaks, for the routes in a given vehicle routing problem. A break is associated with exactly one route and can be taken after completing an order, while en route to an order, or prior to servicing an order. It has a start time and a duration for which the driver may or may not be paid. There are three options for establishing when a break begins: a time window, a maximum travel time, or a maximum work time.

Use this parameter to specify the rest periods, or breaks, for the routes in a given vehicle routing problem. A break is associated with exactly one route, and it can be taken after completing an order, while en route to an order, or prior to servicing an order. It has a start time and a duration, for which the driver may or may not be paid. There are three options for establishing when a break begins: using a time window, a maximum travel time, or a maximum work time.

  • Time window break—To set up a time window break, enter two time-of-day values to delimit a time range in which the break should begin. The TimeWindowStart and TimeWindowEnd attributes contain the bounding time-of-day values. The duration, or service time, of the break is independent of the time window and can extend beyond the end of the time window. For instance, if the time window for an hour-long break spans from 10:00 a.m. to 10:15 a.m., the break should start after 10:00 a.m. but before 10:15 a.m. If it starts at 10:10 a.m., the break will end at 11:10 a.m.
  • Maximum travel time break—With this break option, you specify how long a person can drive before the break is required. (Only travel time is limited; other times such as wait and service times are not.) If you enter four hours into the first break's MaxTravelTimeBetweenBreaks property, for example, the driver will receive a break before the accumulated travel time from the start of the route exceeds four hours. For any subsequent breaks, the travel time is accumulated from the previous break. So if you have a second break with a MaxTravelTimeBetweenBreaks value of two hours, the second break will be taken before two hours of travel time have been accumulated from the previous break, not from the start depot. A route's final maximum travel time break not only limits the amount of accumulated travel time from the previous break or start of the route but also limits the travel time from the final break to the end depot. This is true even if there is only one break. The VRP service is designed this way to prevent a route from taking all its breaks and then traveling for an extended period without taking another break. In the last example, MaxTravelTimeBetweenBreaks was set to two hours. If this is the route's final break, the route must be able to reach the end depot within two hours of travel time from the final break; otherwise, the service will return an error.
  • Maximum work time break—This break option specifies how long a person can work before a break is required. Unlike maximum travel time breaks, which can accumulate travel time from the end of the last break, maximum work time breaks always accumulate work time from the beginning of the route, including any service time at the start depot. This break limits the accumulated work time, which includes travel time and all service times; it excludes wait time, however.

The breaks parameter can be specified using a JSON structure that represents a set of features. The property is optional; however, the JSON structure must specify either the url or features property:

  • url —Specify a REST query request to any ArcGIS Server feature, map, or geoprocessing service that returns a JSON feature set.

  • features —Specify an array of features.

    Each feature in the features array represents a break and contains the following properties:

    • geometry —Specify the input point geometry containing x and y properties along with the spatialReference property. If the spatialReference property is defined for the entire JSON, you don't need to define this property for each geometry. Doing so reduces the size of the input JSON if the input has many features and improves performance. This property is not required if the coordinates are in the default spatial reference, WGS84. If the coordinates are in a different spatial reference, you must specify the spatial reference's well-known ID (WKID). See Using spatial references to look up WKID values.

    • attributes —Specify each attribute as a key-value pair in which the key is the name of a given field, and the value is the attribute value for the corresponding field.

Attributes for breaks

When specifying the breaks, you can specify additional properties for breaks, such as their time windows or duration, using attributes. The breaks parameter can be specified with the following attributes:

  • RouteName

    The name of the route that the break applies to. Although a break is assigned to exactly one route, many breaks can be assigned to the same route. This attribute is a foreign key to the Name attribute in the routes parameter, so the values must match. The attribute cannot have a null value.

  • Precedence

    Specifies the values to sequence the breaks of a given route. Breaks with a precedence value of 1 occur before those with a value of 2, and so on. All breaks must have a precedence value, regardless of whether they are time window, maximum travel time, or maximum work time breaks. The default value for this attribute is 1.

  • ServiceTime

    The duration of the break. The units for this attribute value are specified by the time_units parameter. This attribute can't contain a null value. The default value for this attribute is 60.

  • TimeWindowStart

    The starting time of the break's time window. Specifying this attribute indicates that the service will consider the breaks as time window breaks. The attribute value is specified as a numeric value representing the milliseconds since midnight, January 1, 1970.

    If this attribute is null and the TimeWindowEnd attribute has a valid time-of-day value, the break is allowed to start anytime before the TimeWindowEnd value.

    The default value for this attribute is null .

  • TimeWindowEnd

    The ending time of the break's time window. Specifying this attribute indicates that the service will consider the breaks as time window breaks. The attribute value is specified as a numeric value representing the milliseconds since midnight, January 1, 1970.

    If this attribute is null and the TimeWindowStart attribute has a valid time-of-day value, the break is allowed to start anytime after the TimeWindowStart value.

    The default value for this attribute is null .

    For both the TimeWindowStart and TimeWindowEnd attributes, the time zone is specified by the time_zone_usage_for_time_fields parameter. If the parameter is set to GEO_LOCAL , the time is in the time zone where the route's depot is located. This is useful if the routes span multiple time zones but they all break at a consistent time (for example, 12:00 p.m. in the depot's time zone). If the parameter is set to UTC , the time is based on UTC time. This is useful if you don't know the time zone of an individual route's depot but know the absolute time for each break (for example, the break starts an hour from now).

  • MaxViolationTime

    Specifies the maximum allowable violation time for a time window break. A time window is considered violated if the arrival time falls outside of the time range. The units for this attribute value are specified by the time_units parameter.

    A zero value indicates that the time window cannot be violated; that is, the time window is hard. A nonzero value specifies the maximum amount of lateness; for example, the break can begin up to 30 minutes beyond the end of its time window, but the lateness is penalized pursuant to the time_window_factor parameter. A null value indicates that there is no limit on the allowable violation time.

    The default value for this attribute is null .

  • MaxTravelTimeBetweenBreaks

    The maximum amount of travel time that can be accumulated before the break is taken. Specifying this attribute indicates that the service will consider the breaks as travel time breaks. The travel time is accumulated either from the end of the previous break or, if a break has not yet been taken, from the start of the route. If this is the route's final break, this attribute also indicates the maximum travel time that can be accumulated from the final break to the end depot.

    The MaxTravelTimeBetweenBreaks attribute is designed to limit how long a person can drive until a break is required. For instance, if the time_units parameter is set to Minutes , and MaxTravelTimeBetweenBreaks has a value of 120, the driver will get a break after two hours of driving. To assign a second break after two more hours of driving, the second break's MaxTravelTimeBetweenBreaks attribute value must be 120.

    The units for this attribute value are specified by the time_units parameter. The default value for this attribute is null .

  • MaxCumulWorkTime

    The maximum amount of work time that can be accumulated before the break is taken. Specifying this attribute indicates that the service will consider the breaks as work time breaks. Work time is always accumulated from the beginning of the route. Work time is the sum of travel time and service times at orders, depots, and breaks. However, this excludes wait time, which is the time a route (or driver) spends waiting at an order or depot for a time window to begin.

    The MaxCumulWorkTime attribute limits how long a person can work until a break is required. For instance, if the time_units parameter is set to Minutes , the MaxCumulWorkTime attribute has a value of 120 , and the ServiceTime attribute has a value of 15 , the driver will get a 15-minute break after two hours of work. If a second break is needed after three more hours of work, specify 315 (five hours and 15 minutes) as the second break's MaxCumulWorkTime value. This number includes the MaxCumulWorkTime and ServiceTime values of the preceding break, along with the three additional hours of work time before granting the second break. To avoid taking maximum work time breaks prematurely, remember that they accumulate work time from the beginning of the route and that work time includes the service time at previously visited depots, orders, and breaks.

    The units for this attribute value are specified by the time_units parameter. The default value for this attribute is null .

  • IsPaid

    Specifies whether the break is paid or unpaid. The attribute value is specified as an integer with possible values of 0 or 1. A value of 1 indicates that the time spent at the break is included in the route cost computation and overtime determination. A value of 0 indicates otherwise. The default value for this attribute is 1.

  • Sequence

    Indicates the relative sequence of the break on its route. The attribute values must be positive and unique for each route but do not need to start from 1 or be contiguous. In the service output, the Sequence attribute of the out_stops parameter contains the sequence value of the break on its route. This attribute can have null values specifying that the break can be placed anywhere along the route. The default value for this attribute is null .

Syntax examples for breaks

Syntax for specifying breaks using JSON structure for features

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{
  "features": [
    {
      "attributes": {
        "<field1>": <value11>,
        "<field2>": <value12>
      }
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "<field1>": <value21>,
        "<field2>": <value22>
      }
    }
  ]
}

Syntax for specifying breaks using a URL returning a JSON response

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{
  "url": "<url>"
}

Examples for breaks

Example 1: Specify time-window-based breaks using JSON structure.

This example shows how to specify time-window-based breaks by specifying the values for the TimeWindowStart and the TimeWindowEnd attributes. The input vehicle routing problem requires that each of three routes have one 30-minute paid break between 12:30 p.m. and 1:30 p.m. The break time window is hard, so the break must start between 12:30 p.m. and 1:30 p.m. and cannot start after 1:30 p.m.

You must specify one break for each route, so you have a total of three features. Specify the appropriate milliseconds since January 1, 1970, for 12:30 p.m. Pacific time on April 23, 2013, as the value for the TimeWindowStart attribute and the appropriate milliseconds since January 1, 1970, for 1:30 p.m. on April 23, 2013, as the value for the TimeWindowEnd attribute. Because the break time window is hard, specify a value of 0 for the MaxViolationTime attribute. Because the break duration is 30 minutes, specify a value of 30 for the ServiceTime attribute assuming the time_units parameter is set to Minutes . For each break, only specify the attribute values required to model the input scenario. The other attribute values are not specified because their default values are adequate in this scenario.

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{
  "features": [
    {
      "attributes": {
        "RouteName": "Truck1",
        "TimeWindowStart": 1366745400000,
        "TimeWindowEnd": 1366749000000,
        "ServiceTime": 30,
        "MaxViolationTime": 0
      }
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "RouteName": "Truck2",
        "TimeWindowStart": 1366745400000,
        "TimeWindowEnd": 1366749000000,
        "ServiceTime": 30,
        "MaxViolationTime": 0
      }
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "RouteName": "Truck3",
        "TimeWindowStart": 1366745400000,
        "TimeWindowEnd": 1366749000000,
        "ServiceTime": 30,
        "MaxViolationTime": 0
      }
    }
  ]
}

Example 2: Specify travel-time-based breaks using JSON structure.

This example shows how to specify travel-time-based breaks by specifying the value for the MaxTravelTimeBetweenBreaks attribute. The input vehicle routing problem requires that the driver for each of the two routes have one 15-minute unpaid break after two hours of driving and another unpaid break after an additional two hours of driving.

You must specify two breaks for each route, so you have a total of four features. The first break for each route has a precedence value of 1 and the second break has a precedence value of 2. As each break on the route must occur after two hours of travel time, specify the MaxTravelTimeBetweenBreaks attribute value as 120 for both breaks on a route assuming that the time_units parameter is set to Minutes . Because the break duration is 15 minutes, specify a value of 15 for the ServiceTime attribute. Because the break is unpaid, specify a value of 0 for the IsPaid attribute. The other attribute values are not specified because their default values are adequate in this scenario.

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{
  "features": [
    {
      "attributes": {
        "RouteName": "Truck1",
        "Precedence": 1,
        "ServiceTime": 15,
        "MaxTravelTimeBetweenBreaks": 120,
        "IsPaid": 0
      }
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "RouteName": "Truck1",
        "Precedence": 2,
        "ServiceTime": 15,
        "MaxTravelTimeBetweenBreaks": 120,
        "IsPaid": 0
      }
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "RouteName": "Truck2",
        "Precedence": 1,
        "ServiceTime": 15,
        "MaxTravelTimeBetweenBreaks": 120,
        "IsPaid": 0
      }
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "RouteName": "Truck2",
        "Precedence": 2,
        "ServiceTime": 15,
        "MaxTravelTimeBetweenBreaks": 120,
        "IsPaid": 0
      }
    }
  ]
}

Example 3: Specify work-time-based breaks using JSON structure.

This example shows how to specify work-time-based breaks by specifying the value for the MaxCumulWorkTime attribute. The input vehicle routing problem requires that the driver for each of the two routes have one 15-minute paid break after two hours of work time and a second 15-minute paid break after three hours of work time since the first break.

You must specify two breaks for each route, so you have a total of four features. The first break for each route has a precedence value of 1 and the second break has a precedence value of 2. Because the first break on each route must occur after two hours of work, specify the MaxCumulWorkTime attribute value as 120 for the first break on a route assuming that the time_units parameter is set to Minutes . Because the second break is needed after three more hours of work, specify 315 (five hours and 15 minutes) as the second break's MaxCumulWorkTime value. This number includes the MaxCumulWorkTime and ServiceTime values of the preceding break, along with the three additional hours of work time before granting the second break (120+15+180=315). Because the break duration is 15 minutes, specify a value of 15 for the ServiceTime attribute. The other attribute values are not specified because their default values are adequate in this scenario.

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{
  "features": [
    {
      "attributes": {
        "RouteName": "Truck1",
        "Precedence": 1,
        "ServiceTime": 15,
        "MaxCumulWorkTime": 120
      }
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "RouteName": "Truck1",
        "Precedence": 2,
        "ServiceTime": 15,
        "MaxCumulWorkTime": 315
      }
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "RouteName": "Truck2",
        "Precedence": 1,
        "ServiceTime": 15,
        "MaxCumulWorkTime": 120
      }
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "RouteName": "Truck2",
        "Precedence": 2,
        "ServiceTime": 15,
        "MaxCumulWorkTime": 315
      }
    }
  ]
}

time_units

Use this parameter to specify the time units for all time-based attribute values specified with different parameters. The parameter is specified using one of the following values:

  • Seconds
  • Minutes
  • Hours
  • Days

The default value is Minutes

Many parameters in the vehicle routing problem request have attributes for storing time values, such as ServiceTime for the orders parameter and CostPerUnitTime for the routes parameter. To minimize data entry requirements, these attribute values don't include units. Instead, all time-based attribute values must be entered in the same units, and the time_units parameter is used to specify the units of those values.

distance_units

Use this parameter to specify the distance units for all distance-based attribute values specified with different parameters. The parameter is specified using one of the following values:

  • Miles
  • Kilometers
  • Feet
  • Yards
  • Meters
  • NauticalMiles

The default value is Miles

Many parameters in the vehicle routing problem request have attributes for storing distance values, such as MaxTotalDistance and CostPerUnitDistance for the routes parameter. To minimize data entry requirements, these attribute values don't include units. Instead, all distance-based attribute values must be entered in the same units, and the distance_units parameter is used to specify the units of those values.

analysis_region

This parameter is ignored by the service and specifying a value does not have any effect on the analysis.

uturn_policy

Use this parameter to restrict or permit the route from making U-turns at junctions.

To understand the available parameter values, a junction is a point where only two streets intersect each other. If three or more streets intersect at a point, it is called as an intersection. A cul-de-sac is a dead-end. This parameter can have the following values:

Parameter ValueDescription

ALLOW_UTURNS

U-turns are permitted everywhere. Permitting U-turns implies that the vehicle can turn around at a junction and double back on the same street.

U-turns permitted

U-turns are permitted at junctions with any number of adjacent streets.

ALLOW_DEAD_ENDS_AND_INTERSECTIONS_ONLY

U-turns are prohibited at junctions where exactly two adjacent streets meet.

U-turns permitted only at intersections and dead-ends

U-turns are permitted only at intersections or dead ends.

ALLOW_DEAD_ENDS_ONLY

U-turns are prohibited at all junctions and intersections and are permitted only at dead ends.

U-turns permitted only at dead-ends

U-turns are permitted only at dead ends.

NO_UTURNS

Not Allowed

U-turns are prohibited at all junctions, intersections, and dead-ends. Even when this parameter value is chosen, a route can still make U-turns at stops. To prohibit U-turns at a stop, you can set its CurbApproach property to the appropriate value (3).

The default value for this parameter is ALLOW_UTURNS .

time_window_factor

Use this parameter to rate the importance of honoring time windows without causing violations. A time window violation occurs when a route arrives at an order, depot, or break after a time window has closed. The parameter is specified using one of the following values:

  • Low —Places more importance on minimizing drive times and less on arriving at stops on time. You may want to use this value if you have a growing backlog of service requests. For the purpose of servicing more orders in a day and reducing the backlog, you can choose Low even though customers might be inconvenienced with your late arrivals.
  • Medium —Balances the importance of minimizing drive times and arriving within time windows.
  • High —Places more importance on arriving at stops on time than on minimizing drive times. Organizations that make time-critical deliveries or that are very concerned with customer service would choose a value of High .

The default value is Medium

The vehicle routing problem solution can change according to the value you choose for the time_window_factor parameter. The next two images show the same set of orders and depots; however, the routes are not the same because different time_window_factor values were used. The image on the left shows the route that resulted from the time_window_factor parameter set to Low . The route is short, but it has a time window violation. If time_window_factor is set to High , the route meets all the time windows, but it is longer because it services the order with a time window first.

Low importance

Low importance

High importance

High importance

spatially_cluster_routes

Use this parameter to specify if orders assigned to an individual route are spatially clustered.

  • true —Indicates that the orders assigned to an individual route are spatially clustered by automatically creating dynamic seed points for all the routes. Clustering orders usually results in routes that cover a smaller area and don't intersect other routes as much, but the overall cost of the solution could be more. You might want to cluster orders to keep drivers in general neighborhoods or regions that they are familiar with, or you might want to have compartmentalized routes if they are easier for your organization to manage.
  • false —Indicates that the orders assigned to an individual route are not spatially clustered. Use this value if you have predefined work territories for the routes that are specified using the route_zones parameter.

The default value for this parameter is true .

route_zones

Delineates work territories for given routes. A route zone is a polygon feature used to constrain routes to servicing only those orders that fall within or near the specified area. The following are examples of when route zones may be useful:

  • Some of your employees don't have the required permits to perform work in certain states or communities. You can create a hard route zone so they only visit orders in areas where they meet the requirements.
  • One of your vehicles breaks down frequently and you want to minimize response time by having it only visit orders that are close to your maintenance garage. You can create a soft or hard route zone to keep the vehicle nearby.

The route_zones parameter can be specified using a JSON structure that represents a set of point features. The property is optional; however, the JSON structure must specify either the url or features property:

  • url —Specify a REST query request to any ArcGIS Server feature, map, or geoprocessing service that returns a JSON feature set.

  • features —Specify an array of features.

    Each feature in the features array represents a route zone and contains the following properties:

    • geometry —Specify the input point geometry containing x and y properties along with the spatialReference property. If the spatialReference property is defined for the entire JSON, you don't need to define this property for each geometry. Doing so reduces the size of the input JSON if the input has many features and improves performance. This property is not required if the coordinates are in the default spatial reference, WGS84. If the coordinates are in a different spatial reference, you must specify the spatial reference's well-known ID (WKID). See Using spatial references to look up WKID values.

    • attributes —Specify each attribute as a key-value pair in which the key is the name of a given field, and the value is the attribute value for the corresponding field.

Attributes for route_zones

When specifying the route_zones parameter, you can specify additional information about route zones, such as the name of the route to which the route zone applies, using attributes. The route_zones parameter can be specified with the following attributes:

  • RouteName

    The name of the route to which this zone applies. A route zone can have a maximum of one associated route. This attribute is a foreign key to the Name attribute in the routes parameter, so the values must match. The attribute cannot have a null value.

  • IsHardZone

    Specifies whether the route zone is hard or soft. The attribute value is specified as an integer with possible values of 0 or 1. A value of 1 indicates that the route zone is hard; that is, an order that falls outside of the route zone area can't be assigned to the route. A value of 0 indicates that such orders can still be assigned, but the cost of servicing the order is weighted by a function that is based on the Euclidean distance from the route zone. This means that as the straight-line distance from the soft zone to the order increases, the likelihood of the order being assigned to the route decreases.

Syntax examples for route_zones

Syntax for specifying route zones using JSON structure for features

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{
  "spatialReference": {
    "wkid": <wkid>,
    "latestWkid": <wkid>
  },
  "features": [
    {
      "geometry": {
        "rings": [
          [
            [<x11>,<y11>],
            [<x12>,<y12>],
            [<x11>,<y11>]
          ],
          [
            [<x21>,<y21>],
            [<x22>,<y22>],
            [<x21>,<y21>]
          ]
        ]
      },
      "attributes": {
        "<field1>": <value11>,
        "<field2>": <value12>
      }
    },
    {
      "geometry": {
        "rings": [
          [
            [<x11>,<y11>],
            [<x12>,<y12>],
            [<x11>,<y11>]
          ],
          [
            [<x21>,<y21>],
            [<x22>,<y22>],
            [<x21>,<y21>]
          ]
        ]
      },
      "attributes": {
        "<field1>": <value21>,
        "<field2>": <value22>
      }
    }
  ]
}

Syntax for specifying route zones using a URL returning a JSON response

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{
  "url": "<url>"
}

Examples for route_zones

Example 1: Specify route zones using JSON structure.

The example shows how to add route zones associated with the routes in a vehicle routing problem. The two routes in the input vehicle routing problem are operated by vans that are only licensed to service orders in a predetermined area and cannot service orders that are outside of the route zone. The IsHardZone attribute value is set to 1 to ensure that the vans are only assigned orders that are within the route zones.

The first zone is a single-part polygon feature composed of four points. The second zone is a two-part polygon feature in which both parts are composed of four points. The barrier geometries are in the spatial reference of the network dataset. The spatialReference property is not required.

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{
  "features": [
    {
      "geometry": {
        "rings": [
          [
            [-97.0634,32.8442],
            [-97.0554,32.84],
            [-97.0558,32.8327],
            [-97.0638,32.83],
            [-97.0634,32.8442]
          ]
        ]
      },
      "attributes": {
        "RouteName": "East Bay Route",
        "IsHardZone": 1
      }
    },
    {
      "geometry": {
        "rings": [
          [
            [-97.0803,32.8235],
            [-97.0776,32.8277],
            [-97.074,32.8254],
            [-97.0767,32.8227],
            [-97.0803,32.8235]
          ],
          [
            [-97.0871,32.8311],
            [-97.0831,32.8292],
            [-97.0853,32.8259],
            [-97.0892,32.8279],
            [-97.0871,32.8311]
          ]
        ]
      },
      "attributes": {
        "Name": "North Bay Route",
        "IsHardZone": 1
      }
    }
  ]
}

Example 2: Specify route zones using a URL.

The URL makes a query for a few features from a map service. A URL querying features from a feature service can also be specified.

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{
  "url": "https://machine.domain.com/webadaptor/rest/services/Network/USA/MapServer/7/query?where=1%3D1&returnGeometry=true&f=json"
}

route_renewals

Specifies the intermediate depots that routes can visit to reload or unload the cargo they are delivering or picking up. Specifically, a route renewal links a route to a depot. The relationship indicates the route can renew (reload or unload while en route) at the associated depot.

Route renewals can be used to model scenarios in which a vehicle picks up a full load of deliveries at the starting depot, services the orders, returns to the depot to renew its load of deliveries, and continues servicing more orders. For example, in propane gas delivery, the vehicle may make several deliveries until its tank is nearly or completely depleted, visit a refueling point, and make more deliveries.

Here are a few rules and options to consider:

  • The reload/unload point, or renewal location, can be different from the start or end depot.
  • Each route can have one or many predetermined renewal locations.
  • A renewal location can be used more than once by a single route.
  • In cases where there may be several potential renewal locations for a route, the closest available renewal location is identified by the solver.

The route_renewals parameter can be specified using a JSON structure that represents a set of point features. The property is optional; however, the JSON structure must specify either the url or features property:

  • url —Specify a REST query request to any ArcGIS Server feature, map, or geoprocessing service that returns a JSON feature set.

  • features —Specify an array of features.

    Each feature in the features array represents a route renewal and contains the following property:

    • attributes —Specify each attribute as a key-value pair in which the key is the name of a given field, and the value is the attribute value for the corresponding field.

Attributes for route_renewals

When specifying the route renewals, you can specify additional properties for route renewals, such as the route name or service time, using attributes. The route_renewals parameter can be specified with the following attributes:

  • DepotName

    The name of the depot where this renewal takes place. This attribute is a foreign key to the Name attribute in the depots parameter, so the values must match. The attribute cannot have a null value.

  • RouteName

    The name of the route that this renewal applies to. This attribute is a foreign key to the Name attribute in the routes parameter, so the values must match. The attribute cannot have a null value.

  • ServiceTime

    The service time for the renewal. This attribute can contain a null value; a null value indicates zero service time. The units for this attribute value are specified by the time_units parameter.

  • Sequences

    Specifies one or more sequences of visits to the renewal depot. This attribute can be used to preassign visits to the renewal depot. The attribute value is specified as a space-separated string of sequence values. The attribute can contain a null value; a null value indicates that the service will determine the best sequence to visit the renewal depot.

Syntax examples for route_renewals

Syntax for specifying route renewals using JSON structure for features

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{
  "features": [
    {
      "attributes": {
        "<field1>": <value11>,
        "<field2>": <value12>
      }
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "<field1>": <value21>,
        "<field2>": <value22>
      }
    }
  ]
}

Syntax for specifying route renewals using a URL returning a JSON response

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{
  "url": "<url>"
}

Example for route_renewals

Example: Specify route renewals using a JSON structure

In this example, a distribution company makes deliveries from a central depot using two trucks. Over time, the distribution company also acquired two additional satellite distribution centers. These centers can be used by the trucks to renew their truckload while making their deliveries instead of returning to the main distribution center for renewal. The new distribution centers are specified as route renewals when solving the vehicle routing problem, and the service determines the best renewal locations that minimize the total cost.

You must specify two route renewal locations for each route, so you have a total of four route renewal features. Identify the depot location that can be used for renewal using the DepotName attribute. Specify the name of the route the renewal applies to using the RouteName attribute. Because it takes 15 minutes to load the truck at the renewal location, specify 15 as the value for the ServiceTime attribute assuming the time_units parameter is set to Minutes . The other attribute values are not specified because their default values are adequate in this scenario.

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{
  "features": [
    {
      "attributes": {
        "RouteName": "Truck1",
        "DepotName": "800 Brush St",
        "ServiceTime": 15
      }
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "RouteName": "Truck1",
        "DepotName": "100 Old County Rd",
        "ServiceTime": 15
      }
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "RouteName": "Truck2",
        "DepotName": "800 Brush St",
        "ServiceTime": 15
      }
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "RouteName": "Truck2",
        "DepotName": "100 Old County Rd",
        "ServiceTime": 15
      }
    }
  ]
}

order_pairs

Use this parameter to pair pickup and delivery orders so they are serviced by the same route.

Sometimes it is necessary for the pick up and delivery of orders to be paired. For example, a courier company may need to have a route pick up a high-priority package from one order and deliver it to another without returning to a depot, or sorting station, to minimize delivery time. These related orders can be assigned to the same route with the appropriate sequence using order pairs. Restrictions on how long the package can stay in the vehicle can also be assigned; for example, the package might be a blood sample that must be transported from the doctor's office to the lab within two hours.

Some situations may require two pairs of orders. For example, suppose you want to transport a senior citizen from her home to the doctor and then back home. The ride from her home to the doctor is one pair of orders with a desired arrival time at the doctor, while the ride from the doctor to her home is another pair with a desired pickup time.

The order_pairs parameter can be specified using a JSON structure that represents a set of point features. The property is optional; however, the JSON structure must specify either the url or features property:

  • url —Specify a REST query request to any ArcGIS Server feature, map, or geoprocessing service that returns a JSON feature set.

  • features —Specify an array of features.

    Each feature in the features array represents an order pairs stop and contains the following properties:

    • attributes —Specify each attribute as a key-value pair in which the key is the name of a given field, and the value is the attribute value for the corresponding field.

Attributes for order_pairs

When specifying the order pairs, you can specify additional properties for order pairs, such as the orders that should be paired together or the maximum transit time, using attributes. The order_pairs parameter can be specified with the following attributes:

  • FirstOrderName —The name of the first order of the pair. This attribute is a foreign key to the Name attribute in the orders parameter, so the values must match. The attribute cannot have a null value.

  • SecondOrderName —The name of the second order of the pair. This attribute is a foreign key to the Name attribute in the orders parameter, so the values must match. The attribute cannot have a null value.

  • MaxTransitTime

    The maximum transit time for the pair. The transit time is the duration from the departure time of the first order to the arrival time at the second order. This constraint limits the time-on-vehicle, or ride time, between the two orders. When a vehicle is carrying people or perishable goods, the ride time is typically shorter than that of a vehicle carrying packages or nonperishable goods.

    Excess transit time (measured with respect to the direct travel time between order pairs) can be tracked and weighted by the service. Because of this, you can direct the service to take one of three approaches: minimize the overall excess transit time regardless of the increase in travel cost for the fleet, find a solution that balances overall violation time and travel cost, or ignore the overall excess transit time and, instead, minimize the travel cost for the fleet. By assigning an importance level for the excess_transit_factor parameter, you are in effect choosing one of these three approaches. Regardless of the importance level, the service will always return an error if the MaxTransitTime attribute value is surpassed.

    This attribute can contain null values; a null value indicates that there is no constraint on the ride time. The default value for this attribute is null .

Syntax examples for order_pairs

Syntax for specifying order pairs using JSON structure for features

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{
  "features": [
    {
      "attributes": {
        "<field1>": <value11>,
        "<field2>": <value12>
      }
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "<field1>": <value21>,
        "<field2>": <value22>
      }
    }
  ]
}

Syntax for specifying order pairs using a URL returning a JSON response

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{
  "url": "<url>"
}

Example for order_pairs

Example: Specify order pairs using JSON structure

In this example, a paratransit company needs to find the best routes for a fleet of vans to transport people who would otherwise not have access to transportation from their homes to various hospitals for medical appointments.

The hospital and patient locations are specified as the orders parameter. The passengers must be taken to a predetermined hospital. For each patient-to-hospital pair, add a feature to the order_pairs parameter using the patient name as the value for the FirstOrderName attribute and the hospital name as the value for the SecondOrderName attribute. The maximum time in minutes that the patients can sit in the van during a one-way trip is specified using the MaxTransitTime attribute.

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{
  "features": [
    {
      "attributes": {
        "FirstOrderName": "Mark (Home)",
        "SecondOrderName": "Mark (Doctor)",
        "MaxTransitTime": 30
      }
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "FirstOrderName": "Tom (Home)",
        "SecondOrderName": "Tom (Doctor)",
        "MaxTransitTime": 20
      }
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "FirstOrderName": "Bob (Home)",
        "SecondOrderName": "Bob (Doctor)",
        "MaxTransitTime": 25
      }
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "FirstOrderName": "Tony (Home)",
        "SecondOrderName": "Tony (Doctor)",
        "MaxTransitTime": 15
      }
    }
  ]
}

excess_transit_factor

Use this parameter to rate the importance of reducing excess transit time of order pairs. Excess transit time is the amount of time exceeding the time required to travel directly between the paired orders. Excess time can be caused by driver breaks or travel to intermediate orders and depots.

Calculating excess transit time

Calculating excess transit time

The parameter is specified using one of the following values:

  • Low —The service tries to find a solution that minimizes overall solution cost, regardless of excess transit time. This value is commonly used with courier services. Since couriers transport packages as opposed to people, they don't need to worry about ride time. Using Low allows the couriers to service paired orders in the proper sequence and minimize the overall solution cost.
  • Medium —The service looks for a balance between reducing excess transit time and reducing the overall solution cost.
  • High —The service tries to find a solution with the least excess transit time between paired orders at the expense of increasing the overall travel costs. It makes sense to use this value if you are transporting people between paired orders and you want to shorten their ride time. This is characteristic of taxi services.

The default value is Medium .

The vehicle routing problem solution can change according to the value you choose for the excess_transit_factor parameter. The next two images show the same set of orders and depots; however, the routes are not the same because different excess_transit_factor values were used. The image on the left shows the route that resulted when the excess_transit_factor parameter was set to Low . The overall route is short, but the travel time from the first order to its paired order, the airport, is long. If the excess_transit_factor is set to High , the route reduces the time between the first order and the airport while maintaining the same ride time to the airport for the order on the right; however, the overall cost of the route increases.

Low importance

Low importance (courier)

High importance (taxi)

__

point_barriers

Use this parameter to specify one or more points that will act as temporary restrictions or represent additional time or distance that may be required to travel on the underlying streets. For example, a point barrier can be used to represent a fallen tree along a street or a time delay spent at a railroad crossing.

You can specify barrier geometries as well as attributes using a more comprehensive JSON structure that references a set of features. The property is optional; however, the JSON structure must specify either the url or features property:

  • url —Specify a REST query request to any ArcGIS Server feature, map, or geoprocessing service that returns a JSON feature set.

  • features —Specify an array of features.

    Each feature in this array represents a point barrier and contains the following fields:

    • geometry —Specify the input point geometry containing x and y properties along with the spatialReference property. If the spatialReference property is defined for the entire JSON, you don't need to define this property for each geometry. Doing so reduces the size of the input JSON if the input has many features and improves performance. This property is not required if the coordinates are in the default spatial reference, WGS84. If the coordinates are in a different spatial reference, you must specify the spatial reference's well-known ID (WKID). See Using spatial references to look up WKID values.

    • attributes —Specify each attribute as a key-value pair in which the key is the name of a given field, and the value is the attribute value for the corresponding field.

Attributes for point_barriers

When specifying point barriers, you can set properties for each, such as its name or barrier type, using the following attributes:

Name

The name of the barrier.

BarrierType

Specifies whether the point barrier restricts travel completely or adds time or distance when it is crossed. The value for this attribute is specified as one of the following integers (use the numeric code, not the name in parentheses):

  • 0 (Restriction)—Prohibits travel through the barrier. The barrier is referred to as a restriction point barrier since it acts as a restriction.

    Two maps demonstrate how a restriction point barrier affects a route analysis.

    The first map shows the shortest path between two stops without any restriction point barriers. The second map has a road that is blocked by a fallen tree, so the shortest path between the same points is longer.

  • 2 (Added Cost)—Traveling through the barrier increases the travel time or distance by the amount specified in the Additional_[Cost] attributes. This barrier type is referred to as an added cost point barrier.

    Two maps demonstrate how added cost point barriers affect a route analysis.

    The map on the left shows the shortest path between two stops without any added cost point barrier. For the map on the right, the travel time from stop one to stop two would be the same whether going around the north end of the block or the south end; however, since crossing railroad tracks incurs a time penalty (modeled with added cost point barriers), the route with only one railroad crossing is chosen. The cost of crossing the barrier is added to the accumulated travel time of the resulting route.

Additional_Time

The added travel time when the barrier is traversed. This field is applicable only for added-cost barriers and when the measurement_units parameter is time-based

This field value must be greater than or equal to zero, and its units are the same as those specified in the measurement_units parameter.

Additional_Distance

The added distance when the barrier is traversed. This field is applicable only for added-cost barriers and when the measurement_units parameter is distance-based

The field value must be greater than or equal to zero, and its units are the same as those specified in the measurement_units parameter.

AdditionalCost

The added cost when the barrier is traversed. This field is applicable only for added-cost barriers when the impedance attribute is neither time-based nor distance-based.

FullEdge

Specifies how the restriction point barriers are applied to the edge elements during the analysis. The field value is specified as one of the following integers (use the numeric code, not the name in parentheses):

  • 0 (False)—Permits travel on the edge up to the barrier but not through it. This is the default value.
  • 1 (True)—Restricts travel anywhere on the associated edge.

CurbApproach

Specifies the direction of traffic that is affected by the barrier. The field value is specified as one of the following integers (use the numeric code, not the name in parentheses):

  • 0 (Either side of vehicle)—The barrier affects travel over the edge in both directions.
  • 1 (Right side of vehicle)—Vehicles are only affected if the barrier is on their right side during the approach. Vehicles that traverse the same edge but approach the barrier on their left side are not affected by the barrier.
  • 2 (Left side of vehicle)—Vehicles are only affected if the barrier is on their left side during the approach. Vehicles that traverse the same edge but approach the barrier on their right side are not affected by the barrier.

Because junctions are points and don't have a side, barriers on junctions affect all vehicles regardless of the curb approach.

The CurbApproach attribute works with both types of national driving standards: right-hand traffic (United States) and left-hand traffic (United Kingdom). First, consider a facility on the left side of a vehicle. It is always on the left side regardless of whether the vehicle travels on the left or right half of the road. What may change with national driving standards is your decision to approach a facility from one of two directions, that is, so it ends up on the right or left side of the vehicle. For example, to arrive at a facility and not have a lane of traffic between the vehicle and the facility, choose 1 (Right side of vehicle) in the United States and 2 (Left side of vehicle) in the United Kingdom.

Bearing

The direction in which a point is moving. The units are degrees and are measured clockwise from true north. This field is used in conjunction with the BearingTol field.

Bearing data is usually sent automatically from a mobile device equipped with a GPS receiver. Try to include bearing data if you are loading an input location that is moving, such as a pedestrian or a vehicle.

Using this field tends to prevent adding locations to the wrong edges, which can occur when a vehicle is near an intersection or an overpass, for example. Bearing also helps the tool determine on which side of the street the point is.

Learn more about bearing and bearing tolerance

BearingTol

The bearing tolerance value creates a range of acceptable bearing values when locating moving points on an edge using the Bearing field. If the Bearing field value is within the range of acceptable values that are generated from the bearing tolerance on an edge, the point can be added as a network location there; otherwise, the closest point on the next-nearest edge is evaluated.

The units are in degrees, and the default value is 30. Values must be greater than 0 and less than 180. A value of 30 means that when Network Analyst attempts to add a network location on an edge, a range of acceptable bearing values is generated 15 degrees to either side of the edge (left and right) and in both digitized directions of the edge.

Learn more about bearing and bearing tolerance

NavLatency

This field is only used in the solve process if the Bearing and BearingTol fields also have values; however, entering a NavLatency field value is optional, even when values are present in Bearing and BearingTol . NavLatency indicates how much cost is expected to elapse from the moment GPS information is sent from a moving vehicle to a server and the moment the processed route is received by the vehicle's navigation device.

The units of NavLatency are the same as the units of the impedance attribute.

Syntax examples for point_barriers

Syntax for specifying point_barriers using a JSON structure for features

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{
  "spatialReference": {
    "wkid": <wkid>,
    "latestWkid": <wkid>
  },
  "features": [
    {
      "geometry": {
        "x": <x1>,
        "y": <y1>
      },
      "attributes": {
        "<field1>": <value11>,
        "<field2>": <value12>
      }
    },
    {
      "geometry": {
        "x": <x2>,
        "y": <y2>
      },
      "attributes": {
        "<field1>": <value21>,
        "<field2>": <value22>
      }
    }
  ]
}

Syntax for specifying point_barriers using a URL returning a JSON response

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{
  "url": "<url>"
}

Examples for point_barriers

Example 1: Specifying an added-cost point barrier using JSON structure

This example shows how to use an added-cost point barrier to model a five-minute delay at a railroad crossing. The BarrierType attribute is used to specify the point barrier is added-cost, and the Additional_Time attribute is used to specify the added delay in minutes.

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{
  "spatialReference": {
    "wkid": 4326
  },
  "features": [
    {
      "geometry": {
        "x": 37.541479,
        "y": -122.053461
      },
      "attributes": {
        "Name": "Haley St railroad crossing",
        "BarrierType": 2,
        "Additional_Time": 5
      }
    }
  ]
}

Example 2: Specifying restriction point barriers in the Web Mercator spatial reference using a JSON structure

This example shows how to use a restriction point barrier to model a road that's blocked by a fallen tree. The barrier's geometry is in the Web Mercator spatial reference and not in the spatial reference of the network dataset.

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{
  "spatialReference": {
    "wkid": 102100
  },
  "features": [
    {
      "geometry": {
        "y": -13635398.9398,
        "x": 4544699.034400001
      },
      "attributes": {
        "Name": "Fallen tree at 123 Main St",
        "BarrierType": 0
      }
    }
  ]
}

Example 3: Specifying point barriers using a URL

The URL makes a query for a few features from a map service. A URL querying features from a feature service can also be specified.

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{
  "url": "https://machine.domain.com/webadaptor/rest/services/NetworkAnalysis/SanDiego/MapServer/21/query?where=1%3D1&outFields=Name&f=json"
}

line_barriers

Use this parameter to specify one or more lines that prohibit travel anywhere the lines intersect the streets. For example, a parade or protest that blocks traffic across several street segments can be modeled with a line barrier. A line barrier can also quickly fence off several roads from being traversed, thereby channeling possible routes away from undesirable parts of the street network.

Two maps demonstrate how a line barrier affects finding a route between two stops.

The first map displays the shortest path between two stops. The second map shows the shortest path when several streets are blocked by a polyline barrier.

You can specify polyline barrier geometries as well as attributes using a JSON structure that references a set of features. The property is optional; however, the JSON structure must specify either the url or features property:

  • url —Specify a REST query request to any ArcGIS Server feature, map, or geoprocessing service that returns a JSON feature set.

  • features —Specify an array of features.

    Each feature in this array represents a polyline barrier and contains the following fields:

    • geometry —Specify the input point geometry containing x and y properties along with the spatialReference property. If the spatialReference property is defined for the entire JSON, you don't need to define this property for each geometry. Doing so reduces the size of the input JSON if the input has many features and improves performance. This property is not required if the coordinates are in the default spatial reference, WGS84. If the coordinates are in a different spatial reference, you must specify the spatial reference's well-known ID (WKID). See Using spatial references to look up WKID values.

    • attributes —Specify each attribute as a key-value pair in which the key is the name of a given field, and the value is the attribute value for the corresponding field.

Attributes for line_barriers

When specifying the line barriers, you can set name and barrier type properties for each using the following attributes:

  • Name

    The name of the barrier.

Syntax examples for line_barriers

Syntax for specifying line barriers using a JSON structure for features

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{
  "spatialReference": {
    "wkid": <wkid>,
    "latestWkid": <wkid>,
  },
  "features": [
    {
      "geometry": {
        "paths": [
          [
            [<x11>,<y11>],
            [<x12>,<y12>]
          ],
          [
            [<x21>,<y21>],
            [<x22>,<y22>]
          ]
        ]
      },
      "attributes": {
        "<field1>": <value11>,
        "<field2>": <value12>
      }
    },
		  {
      "geometry": {
        "paths": [
          [
            [<x11>,<y11>],
            [<x12>,<y12>]
          ],
          [
            [<x21>,<y21>],
            [<x22>,<y22>]
        ]
      },
      "attributes": {
        "<field1>": <value21>,
        "<field2>": <value22>
      }
    }
  ]
}

Syntax for specifying line barriers using a URL returning a JSON response

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{
  "url": "<url>"
}

Examples for line_barriers

Example 1: Specifying line barriers using a JSON structure

The example shows how to add two lines as line barriers to restrict travel on the streets intersected by the lines. Barrier 1 is a single-part line feature made up of two points. Barrier 2 is a two-part line feature whose first part is made up of three points and whose second part is made up of two points.

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{
  "spatialReference": {
    "wkid": 102100
  },
  "features": [
    {
      "geometry": {
        "paths": [
          [
            [-10804823.397,3873688.372],
            [-10804811.152,3873025.945]
          ]
        ]
      },
      "attributes": {
        "Name": "Barrier 1"
      }
    },
    {
      "geometry": {
        "paths": [
          [
            [-10804823.397,3873688.372],
            [-10804807.813 3873290.911],
            [-10804811.152,3873025.945]
          ],
          [
            [-10805032.678,3863358.76],
            [-10805001.508,3862829.281]
          ]
        ]
      },
      "attributes": {
        "Name": "Barrier 2"
      }
    }
  ]
}

Example 2: Specifying line barriers using URL

The URL makes a query for a few features from a map service. A URL querying features from a feature service can also be specified.

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{
  "url": "https://machine.domain.com/webadaptor/rest/services/Network/USA/MapServer/6/query?where=1%3D1&returnGeometry=true&f=json"
}

polygon_barriers

Use this parameter to specify polygons that either completely restrict travel or proportionately scale the time or distance required to travel on the streets intersected by the polygons.

You can specify polygon barrier geometries as well as attributes using a JSON structure that references a set of features. The property is optional; however, the JSON structure must specify either the url or features property:

  • url —Specify a REST query request to any ArcGIS Server feature, map, or geoprocessing service that returns a JSON feature set.

  • features —Specify an array of features.

    Each feature in this array represents a polygon barrier and contains the following fields:

    • geometry —Specify the input point geometry containing x and y properties along with the spatialReference property. If the spatialReference property is defined for the entire JSON, you don't need to define this property for each geometry. Doing so reduces the size of the input JSON if the input has many features and improves performance. This property is not required if the coordinates are in the default spatial reference, WGS84. If the coordinates are in a different spatial reference, you must specify the spatial reference's well-known ID (WKID). See Using spatial references to look up WKID values.

    • attributes —Specify each attribute as a key-value pair in which the key is the name of a given field, and the value is the attribute value for the corresponding field.

Attributes for polygon_barriers

When specifying the polygon barriers, you can set properties for each, such as its name or barrier type, using the following attributes:

  • Name

    The name of the barrier.

  • BarrierType

    Specifies whether the barrier restricts travel completely or scales the cost (such as time or distance) for traveling through it. The field value is specified as one of the following integers (use the numeric code, not the name in parentheses):

    • 0 (Restriction)—Prohibits traveling through any part of the barrier. The barrier is referred to as a restriction polygon barrier since it prohibits traveling on streets intersected by the barrier. One use of this type of barrier is to model floods covering areas of the street that make traveling on those streets impossible.

      This is the default value.

      Two maps demonstrate how a restriction polygon barrier affects finding a route between two stops.

      The first map depicts the shortest path between two stops. The second map shows a polygon barrier blocking flooded streets, so the shortest path between the same two stops is different.

    • 1 (Scaled Cost)—Scales the cost (such as travel time or distance) required to travel the underlying streets by a factor specified using the ScaledTimeFactor or ScaledDistanceFactor field. If the streets are partially covered by the barrier, the travel time or distance is apportioned and then scaled. For example, a factor of 0.25 means that travel on underlying streets is expected to be four times faster than normal. A factor of 3.0 means it is expected to take three times longer than normal to travel on underlying streets. This barrier type is referred to as a scaled-cost polygon barrier. It can be used to model storms that reduce travel speeds in specific regions, for example.

      Two maps demonstrate how a scaled cost polygon barrier affects finding a route between two stops.

      The first map shows a route that goes through inclement weather without regard for the effect that poor road conditions have on travel time. The second map shows a scaled polygon barrier that doubles the travel time of the roads covered by the storm. The route still passes through the southern tip of the storm since it is quicker to spend more time driving slowly through a small part of the storm rather than driving completely around it. The service uses the modified travel time in calculating the best route, and the modified travel time is reported as the total travel time in the response.

  • ScaledTimeFactor

    This is the factor by which the travel time of the streets intersected by the barrier is multiplied. The field value must be greater than zero.

    This field is applicable only for scaled-cost barriers and when the measurement_units parameter is time-based.

  • ScaledDistanceFactor

    This is the factor by which the distance of the streets intersected by the barrier is multiplied. The field value must be greater than zero.

    This field is applicable only for scaled-cost barriers and when the measurement_units parameter is distance-based.

  • ScaledCostFactor

    This is the factor by which the cost of the streets intersected by the barrier is multiplied. The field value must be greater than zero.

    This field is applicable only for scaled-cost barriers when the impedance is neither time-based nor distance-based .

Syntax examples for polygon_barriers

Syntax for specifying polygon barriers using a JSON structure for features

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{
  "spatialReference": {
    "wkid": <wkid>,
    "latestWkid": <wkid>
  }
  "features": [
    {
      "geometry": {
        "rings": [
          [
            [<x11>,<y11>],
            [<x12>,<y12>],
            [<x11>,<y11>]
          ],
          [
            [<x21>,<y21>],
            [<x22>,<y22>]
            [<x21>,<y21>]
          ]
        ]
      },
      "attributes": {
        "<field1>": <value11>,
        "<field2>": <value12>
      }
    },
    {
      "geometry": {
        "rings": [
          [
            [<x11>,<y11>],
            [<x12>,<y12>],
            [<x11>,<y11>]
          ],
          [
            [<x21>,<y21>],
            [<x22>,<y22>],
            [<x21>,<y21>]
          ]
        ]
      },
      "attributes": {
        "<field1>": <value21>,
        "<field2>": <value22>
      }
    }
  ]
}

Syntax for specifying polygon barriers using a URL returning a JSON response

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{
  "url": "<url>"
}

Examples for polygon_barriers

Example 1: Specifying polygon barriers using a JSON structure.

The example shows how to add two polygons as barriers. The first polygon named Flood zone is a restriction polygon barrier that prohibits travel on the underlying streets. The polygon is a single-part polygon feature made up of four points. The second polygon named Severe weather zone is a scaled-cost polygon barrier that increases the travel time on underlying streets to one third of the original value. The polygon is a two-part polygon feature. Both parts are made up of four points.

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{
  "spatialReference": {
    "wkid": 4326
  },
  "features": [
    {
      "geometry": {
        "rings": [
          [
            [-97.0634,32.8442],
            [-97.0554,32.84],
            [-97.0558,32.8327],
            [-97.0638,32.83],
            [-97.0634,32.8442]
          ]
        ]
      },
      "attributes": {
        "Name": "Flood zone",
        "BarrierType": 0
      }
    },
    {
      "geometry": {
        "rings": [
          [

            [-97.0803,32.8235],
            [-97.0776,32.8277],
            [-97.074,32.8254],
            [-97.0767,32.8227],
            [-97.0803,32.8235]
          ],
          [
            [-97.0871,32.8311],
            [-97.0831,32.8292],
            [-97.0853,32.8259],
            [-97.0892,32.8279],
            [-97.0871,32.8311]

          ]
        ]
      },
      "attributes": {
        "Name": "Severe weather zone",
        "BarrierType": 1,
        "ScaledTimeFactor": 3
      }
    }
  ]
}

Example 2: Specifying a polygon barrier using a URL

The URL makes a query for a few features from a map service. A URL querying features from a feature service can also be specified.

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{
  "url": "https://machine.domain.com/webadaptor/rest/services/Network/USA/MapServer/7/query?where=1%3D1&returnGeometry=true&f=json"
}

use_hierarchy_in_analysis

Specify whether hierarchy will be used when finding the shortest paths.

  • true —Use hierarchy when travelling between stops. When hierarchy is used, the service prefers higher-order streets (such as freeways) to lower-order streets (such as local roads) and can be used to simulate the driver preference of traveling on freeways instead of local roads even if that means a longer trip. This is especially true when finding routes to faraway locations, because drivers on long-distance trips tend to prefer traveling on freeways where stops, intersections, and turns can be avoided. Using hierarchy is computationally faster, especially for long-distance routes, since the service can determine the best route from a relatively smaller subset of streets.
  • false —Do not use hierarchy when travelling between stops. When hierarchy is not used, the service considers all the streets and doesn't prefer higher-order streets when finding the route. This is often used when finding short-distance routes within a city.

The default value for this parameter is true .

restrictions

Use this parameter to specify the restrictions that will be honored by the service. A restriction represents a driving preference or requirement. In most cases, restrictions cause roads or pathways to be prohibited, but they can also cause them to be avoided or preferred. For instance, using the Avoid Toll Roads restriction will result in a route that will include toll roads only when it is required to travel on toll roads to visit a stop. Use Height Restriction to route around clearances that are lower than the height of the vehicle. If the vehicle is carrying corrosive materials, you can use the Any Hazmat Prohibited restriction to prevent hauling the materials along roads where it is marked as illegal to do so.

This parameter value is specified as a comma-separated list of restriction names. A value of none indicates that no restrictions will be used when finding the shortest paths.

The service supports the following restriction names:

  • Any Hazmat Prohibited—The results will not include roads where transporting any kind of hazardous material is prohibited.
  • Avoid Carpool Roads—The results will avoid roads that are designated exclusively for car pool (high-occupancy) vehicles.
  • Avoid Express Lanes—The results will avoid roads designated as express lanes.
  • Avoid Ferries—The results will avoid ferries.
  • Avoid Gates—The results will avoid roads where there are gates, such as keyed access or guard-controlled entryways.
  • Avoid Limited Access Roads—The results will avoid roads that are limited-access highways.
  • Avoid Private Roads—The results will avoid roads that are not publicly owned and maintained.
  • Avoid Roads Unsuitable for Pedestrians—The results will avoid roads that are unsuitable for pedestrians.
  • Avoid Stairways—The results will avoid all stairways on a pedestrian-suitable route.
  • Avoid Toll Roads—The results will avoid all toll roads for automobiles.
  • Avoid Toll Roads for Trucks—The results will avoid all toll roads for trucks.
  • Avoid Truck Restricted Roads—The results will avoid roads where trucks are not allowed, except when making deliveries.
  • Avoid Unpaved Roads—The results will avoid roads that are not paved (for example, dirt, gravel, and so on).
  • Axle Count Restriction—The results will not include roads where trucks with the specified number of axles are prohibited. The number of axles can be specified using the Number of Axles restriction parameter.
  • Driving a Bus—The results will not include roads where buses are prohibited. Using this restriction will also ensure that the results will honor one-way streets.
  • Driving a Taxi—The results will not include roads where taxis are prohibited. Using this restriction will also ensure that the results will honor one-way streets.
  • Driving a Truck—The results will not include roads where trucks are prohibited. Using this restriction will also ensure that the results will honor one-way streets.
  • Driving an Automobile—The results will not include roads where automobiles are prohibited. Using this restriction will also ensure that the results will honor one-way streets.
  • Driving an Emergency Vehicle—The results will not include roads where emergency vehicles are prohibited. Using this restriction will also ensure that the results will honor one-way streets.
  • Height Restriction—The results will not include roads where the vehicle height exceeds the maximum allowed height for the road. The vehicle height can be specified using the Vehicle Height (meters) restriction parameter.
  • Kingpin to Rear Axle Length Restriction—The results will not include roads where the vehicle length exceeds the maximum allowed kingpin to rear axle for all trucks on the road. The length between the vehicle kingpin and the rear axle can be specified using the Vehicle Kingpin to Rear Axle Length (meters) restriction parameter.
  • Length Restriction—The results will not include roads where the vehicle length exceeds the maximum allowed length for the road. The vehicle length can be specified using the Vehicle Length (meters) restriction parameter.
  • Preferred for Pedestrians—The results will use preferred routes suitable for pedestrian navigation.
  • Riding a Motorcycle—The results will not include roads where motorcycles are prohibited. Using this restriction will also ensure that the results will honor one-way streets.
  • Roads Under Construction Prohibited—The results will not include roads that are under construction.
  • Semi or Tractor with One or More Trailers Prohibited—The results will not include roads where semis or tractors with one or more trailers are prohibited.
  • Single Axle Vehicles Prohibited—The results will not include roads where vehicles with single axles are prohibited.
  • Tandem Axle Vehicles Prohibited—The results will not include roads where vehicles with tandem axles are prohibited.
  • Through Traffic Prohibited—The results will not include roads where through traffic (nonlocal traffic) is prohibited.
  • Truck with Trailers Restriction—The results will not include roads where trucks with the specified number of trailers on the truck are prohibited. The number of trailers on the truck can be specified using the Number of Trailers on Truck restriction parameter.
  • Use Preferred Hazmat Routes—The results will prefer roads that are designated for transporting hazardous materials.
  • Use Preferred Truck Routes—The results will prefer roads that are designated as truck routes, such as roads that are part of the national network as specified by the National Surface Transportation Assistance Act in the United States, or roads that are designated as truck routes by the state or province, or roads that are preferred by truckers when driving in an area.
  • Walking—The results will not include roads where pedestrians are prohibited.
  • Weight Restriction—The results will not include roads where the vehicle weight exceeds the maximum allowed weight for the road. The vehicle weight can be specified using the Vehicle Weight (kilograms) restriction parameter.
  • Weight per Axle Restriction—The results will not include roads where the vehicle weight per axle exceeds the maximum allowed weight per axle for the road. The vehicle weight per axle can be specified using the Vehicle Weight per Axle (kilograms) restriction parameter.
  • Width Restriction—The results will not include roads where the vehicle width exceeds the maximum allowed width for the road. The vehicle width can be specified using the Vehicle Width (meters) restriction parameter.

The restrictions parameter value is specified as a list of restriction names. A value of null indicates that no restrictions should be used when finding the best route, but only when travel_mode is set to Custom .

Example for restrictions

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restrictions=[Driving a Truck, Height Restriction, Length Restriction]

attribute_parameter_values

Use this parameter to specify additional values required by an attribute or restriction, such as to specify whether the restriction prohibits, avoids, or prefers travel on restricted roads. If the restriction is meant to avoid or prefer roads, you can further specify the degree to which they are avoided or preferred using this parameter. For example, you can choose to never use toll roads, avoid them as much as possible, or prefer them.

You can specify attribute_parameter_values parameter using JSON structure that represents a set of features. The JSON structure can include the following properties:

  • features —Specify an array of features.

    • geometry —Specify the input point geometry containing x and y properties along with the spatialReference property. If the spatialReference property is defined for the entire JSON, you don't need to define this property for each geometry. Doing so reduces the size of the input JSON if the input has many features and improves performance. This property is not required if the coordinates are in the default spatial reference, WGS84. If the coordinates are in a different spatial reference, you must specify the spatial reference's well-known ID (WKID). See Using spatial references to look up WKID values.

    • attributes —Specify each attribute as a key-value pair in which the key is the name of a given field, and the value is the attribute value for the corresponding field.

  • url —Specify a REST query request to any ArcGIS Server feature, map, or geoprocessing service that returns a JSON feature set.

Each feature in the features array represents an attribute parameter and contains the following fields:

  • attributes —Specify each attribute as a key-value pair in which the key is the name of a given field, and the value is the attribute value for the corresponding field.

Attributes for attribute_parameter_values

The attribute_parameter_values parameter can be specified with the following attributes:

  • AttributeName —The name of the restriction.
  • ParameterName —The name of the parameter associated with the restriction. A restriction can have one or more ParameterName values based on its intended use, which implies you may need multiple attribute_parameter_values parameters for a single attribute name.
  • ParameterValue —The value for the ParameterName that is used by the service when evaluating the restriction.

When specifying the attribute_parameter_values parameter, each restriction (listed as AttributeName ) has a ParameterName value, Restriction Usage , that specifies whether the restriction prohibits, avoids, or prefers travel on the roads associated with the restriction and the degree to which the roads are avoided or preferred.

The Restriction Usage value for ParameterName can be any of the following string values or their equivalent numeric values listed within the parentheses:

  • Prohibited (-1 )—Travel on the roads that have the restriction is prohibited.
  • Avoid_High (5 )—It is very unlikely the service will include in the route the roads that are associated with the restriction.
  • Avoid_Medium (2 )—It is unlikely the service will include in the route the roads that are associated with the restriction.
  • Avoid_Low (1.3 )—It is somewhat unlikely the service will include in the route the roads that are associated with the restriction.
  • Prefer_Low (0.8 )—It is somewhat likely the service will include in the route the roads that are associated with the restriction.
  • Prefer_Medium (0.5 )—It is likely the service will include in the route the roads that are associated with the restriction.
  • Prefer_High (0.2 )—It is very likely the service will include in the route the roads that are associated with the restriction.

The following table lists the restriction names and the default restriction parameter values for all the restrictions. The default value for the attribute_parameter_values parameter is the JSON structure containing all the rows from the below table.

Restriction nameRestriction parameter nameRestriction parameter default value

Any Hazmat Prohibited

Restriction Usage

Prohibited

Avoid Carpool Roads

Restriction Usage

Prohibited

Avoid Express Lanes

Restriction Usage

Prohibited

Avoid Ferries

Restriction Usage

Avoid_Medium

Avoid Gates

Restriction Usage

Avoid_Medium

Avoid Limited Access Roads

Restriction Usage

Avoid_Medium

Avoid Private Roads

Restriction Usage

Avoid_Medium

Avoid Roads Unsuitable for Pedestrians

Restriction Usage

Avoid_High

Avoid Stairways

Restriction Usage

Avoid_High

Avoid Toll Roads

Restriction Usage

Avoid_Medium

Avoid Toll Roads for Trucks

Restriction Usage

Avoid_Medium

Avoid Truck Restricted Roads

Restriction Usage

Avoid_High

Avoid Unpaved Roads

Restriction Usage

Avoid_High

Axle Count Restriction

Number of Axles

0

Restriction Usage

Prohibited

Driving a Bus

Restriction Usage

Prohibited

Driving a Taxi

Restriction Usage

Prohibited

Driving a Truck

Restriction Usage

Prohibited

Driving an Automobile

Restriction Usage

Prohibited

Driving an Emergency Vehicle

Restriction Usage

Prohibited

Height Restriction

Restriction Usage

Prohibited

Vehicle Height (meters)

0

Kingpin to Rear Axle Length Restriction

Restriction Usage

Prohibited

Vehicle Kingpin to Rear Axle Length (meters)

0

Length Restriction

Restriction Usage

Prohibited

Vehicle Length (meters)

0

Preferred for Pedestrians

Restriction Usage

Prefer_Low

Riding a Motorcycle

Restriction Usage

Prohibited

Roads Under Construction Prohibited

Restriction Usage

Prohibited

Semi or Tractor with One or More Trailers Prohibited

Restriction Usage

Prohibited

Single Axle Vehicles Prohibited

Restriction Usage

Prohibited

Tandem Axle Vehicles Prohibited

Restriction Usage

Prohibited

Through Traffic Prohibited

Restriction Usage

Avoid_High

Truck with Trailers Restriction

Restriction Usage

Prohibited

Number of Trailers on Truck

0

Use Preferred Hazmat Routes

Restriction Usage

Prefer_Medium

Use Preferred Truck Routes

Restriction Usage

Prefer_High

Walking

Restriction Usage

Prohibited

WalkTime

Walking Speed (km/h)

5

Weight Restriction

Restriction Usage

Prohibited

Vehicle Weight (kilograms)

0

Weight per Axle Restriction

Restriction Usage

Prohibited

Vehicle Weight per Axle (kilograms)

0

Width Restriction

Restriction Usage

Prohibited

Vehicle Width (meters)

0

Syntax example for attribute_parameter_values

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{
    "features": [
        {
            "attributes": {
                "<field1>": <value11>,
                "<field2>": <value12>,
                "<field3>": <value13>

            }
        },
        {
            "attributes": {
                "<field1>": <value21>,
                "<field2>": <value22>,
                "<field3>": <value13>
            }
        }
    ]
}

Examples for attribute_parameter_values

This example shows how to specify the height and weight of the vehicle for use with the height and weight restrictions respectively along with a high preference to include designated truck routes. This results in a route that does not include any roads where the clearance under overpasses or through tunnels is less than the vehicle height. The results will also not include any roads with load limited bridges or local roads that prohibit heavy vehicles if the vehicle weight exceeds the maximum permissible weight. However, the route will include as many roads as possible that are designated as preferred truck routes.

Note that the Restriction Usage ParameterName for the Height Restriction and the Weight Restriction restrictions are not specified since we want to use the default value of PROHIBITED for these restriction parameters.

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attribute_parameter_values=
{
    "features": [
        {
            "attributes": {
                "AttributeName": "Height Restriction",
                "ParameterName": "Vehicle Height (meters)",
                "ParameterValue": 4.12
            }
        },
        {
            "attributes": {
                "AttributeName": "Weight Restriction",
                "ParameterName": "Vehicle Weight (kilograms)",
                "ParameterValue": 36287
            }
        },
        {
            "attributes": {
                "AttributeName": "Use Preferred Truck Routes",
                "ParameterName": "Restriction Usage",
                "ParameterValue": "PREFER_HIGH"
            }
        }
    ]
}

populate_route_lines

Use this parameter to specify the shape of the output routes.

  • True —The output routes will have the exact shape of the underlying streets that are included in the routes.
  • False —No shape is generated for the output routes. You won't be able to generate driving directions if the populate_route_lines parameter is set to false . Use this option if you are only interested in determining the assignment and sequence of orders to the routes and do not want route shapes that follow streets or generate driving directions. Use this option to reduce the time taken by the service to solve the vehicle routing problem, as the service has to perform relatively fewer computations.

The default value is true .

route_line_simplification_tolerance

Use this parameter to specify by how much you want to simplify the route geometry returned by the service.

Simplification maintains critical points on a route, such as turns at intersections, to define the essential shape of the route and removes other points. The simplification distance you specify is the maximum allowable offset that the simplified line can deviate from the original line. Simplifying a line reduces the number of vertices that are part of the route geometry. This reduces the overall response size and also improves the performance for drawing the route shapes in applications.

The parameter is specified as a JSON structure that includes the following properties:

  • distance —The simplification distance value.
  • units —The units for the simplification distance value. The property value should be specified as one of the following values: esriCentimeters, esriDecimalDegrees, esriDecimeters, esriFeet, esriInches, esriKilometers, esriMeters, esriMiles, esriMillimeters, esriNauticalMiles, esriPoints , and esriYards .

The default value for the route_line_simplification_tolerance parameter is 10 meters.

Syntax example for route_line_simplification_tolerance

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{
    "distance": <value>,
    "units": "<unit>"
}

Examples for route_line_simplification_tolerance

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{
    "distance": 10,
    "units": "esriMeters"
}

populate_directions

Use this parameter to specify whether the service should generate driving directions for each route.

  • true —Generate directions. The directions are configured based on the values for the directions_language , directions_style_name , and directions_distance_units parameters.
  • false —Don't generate directions. The service returns an empty value for the features property within the output_directions output parameter.

directions_language

The language that will be used when generating travel directions.

This parameter applies only when the populate_directions parameter is set to true . The service supports generating directions in the following languages:

  • ar —Arabic
  • bg —Bulgarian
  • bs —Bosnian
  • ca —Catalan
  • cs —Czech
  • da —Danish
  • de —German
  • el —Greek
  • en —English
  • es —Spanish
  • et —Estonian
  • fi —Finnish
  • fr —French
  • he —Hebrew
  • hr —Croatian
  • hu —Hungarian
  • id —Indonesian
  • it —Italian
  • ja —Japanese
  • ko —Korean
  • lt —Lithuanian
  • lv —Latvian
  • nb —Norwegian
  • nl —Dutch
  • pl —Polish
  • pt-BR —Portuguese (Brazil)
  • pt-PT —Portuguese (Portugal)
  • ro —Romanian
  • ru —Russian
  • sk —Slovak
  • sl —Slovenian
  • sr —Serbian
  • sv —Swedish
  • th —Thai
  • tr —Turkish
  • uk —Ukrainian
  • vi —Vietnamese
  • zh-CN —Chinese (China)
  • zh-HK —Chinese (Hong Kong)
  • zh-TW —Chinese (Taiwan)

The service tries to find an exact match for the specified language including any language localization. If an exact match is not found, it tries to match the language family. If a match is still not found, the service returns the directions using the default language of the server's operating system. For example, if the directions language is specified as es-MX (Mexican Spanish), the service will return the directions in Spanish, as it supports the es language code, not es-MX .

directions_style_name

Specify the name of the formatting style for the directions. This parameter can be specified using the following values:

  • NA Desktop —Generates turn-by-turn directions suitable for printing.
  • NA Navigation —Generates turn-by-turn directions designed for an in-vehicle navigation device.
  • NA Campus —Generates turn-by-turn walking directions designed for pedestrian routes.

The default value is NA Desktop .

This parameter applies only when the populate_directions parameter is set to true .

save_route_data

Use this parameter to specify whether the service should create a zip file that contains a file geodatabase holding the inputs and outputs of the analysis in a format that can be used to share route layers with your portal.

  • true —Saves route data. The route data zip file can be downloaded from the URL provided as part of the output_route_data parameter.
  • false —Don't save route data.

The default value is false .

save_output_layer

Use this parameter to specify if the service should save the analysis settings as a network analysis layer file. You cannot directly work with this file even when you open the file in an ArcGIS Desktop application like ArcGIS Pro. It is meant to be sent to Esri Technical Support in order to diagnose the quality of results returned from the service.

  • true —Saves network analysis layer file. The file can be downloaded from the URL provided as part of the output_network_analysis_layer parameter.
  • false —Don't save network analysis layer file.

The default value is false .

time_impedance

The time-based impedance value represents the travel time along road segments or on other parts of the transportation network.

  • Minutes
  • TravelTime
  • WalkTime
  • TruckMinutes
  • TruckTravelTime

distance_impedance

The distance-based impedance value represents the travel distance along road segments or on other parts of the transportation network.

  • Miles
  • Kilometers

populate_stop_shapes

Specifies whether the tool will create the shapes for the output assigned and unassigned stops.

  • True —The output assigned and unassigned stops are created as point features. This can be useful to visualize which stops are assigned to routes and which stops could not be assigned to any routes.
  • False —The output assigned and unassigned stops are created as tables and will not have shapes. Use this option only if your application does not have a need to visualize the output stops and can work with just the attributes of the stops.

The default value is False .

output_format

Specifies the format in which the output features will be returned.

  • Feature Set—The output features will be returned as feature classes and tables. This is the default.
  • JSON File—The output features will be returned as a compressed file containing the JSON representation of the outputs. When this option is specified, the output is a single file (with a .zip extension) that contains one or more JSON files (with a .json extension) for each of the outputs created by the service.
  • GeoJSON File—The output features will be returned as a compressed file containing the GeoJSON representation of the outputs. When this option is specified, the output is a single file (with a .zip extension) that contains one or more GeoJSON files (with a .geojson extension) for each of the outputs created by the service.

ignore_invalid_order_locations

Specifies whether invalid orders will be ignored when solving the vehicle routing problem.

  • true —The solve operation will ignore any invalid orders and return a solution, given it didn't encounter any other errors. If you need to generate routes and deliver them to drivers immediately, you may be able to ignore invalid orders, solve, and distribute the routes to your drivers. Next, resolve any invalid orders from the last solve and include them in the fleet routing analysis for the next workday or work shift.
  • false —The solve operation will fail when any invalid orders are encountered. An invalid order is an order that the fleet routing solver can't reach. An order may be unreachable for a variety of reasons, including if it's located on a prohibited network element, it isn't located on the network at all, or it's located on a disconnected portion of the network.

The default value is false .

ignore_network_location_fields

Specifies whether the network location fields will be considered when locating inputs such as stops or facilities on the network.

  • true —Network location fields will not be considered when locating the inputs on the network. Instead, the inputs will always be located by performing a spatial search.
  • false —Network location fields will be considered when locating the inputs on the network.

The default value is false .

overrides

env:outSR

Use this parameter to specify the spatial reference of the geometries, such as line or point features, returned by the service.

The parameter value can be specified as a well-known ID (WKID) for the spatial reference. See Using spatial references to look up WKID values.

Many of the basemaps provided by ArcGIS Online are in the Web Mercator spatial reference (WKID 102100). Specifying env:outSR=102100 returns the geometries in the Web Mercator spatial reference, which can be drawn on top of the basemaps.

locate_settings

Use this parameter to specify settings that affect how inputs are located, such as the maximum search distance to use when locating the inputs on the network or the network sources being used for locating. To restrict locating on a portion of the source, you can specify a where clause for a source.

Learn more about locating inputs

The parameter value is specified as a JSON object. The JSON object allows you to specify a locator JSON for all input feature in the analysis, or you can specify an override for a particular input. The override allows you to have different settings for each analysis input. For example, you can disallow stops to locate on highway ramps and allow point barriers to locate on highway ramps.

The locator JSON object has the following properties:

  • tolerance and toleranceUnits —Allows you to control the maximum search distance when locating inputs. If no valid network location is found within this distance, the input features will be considered unlocated. A small search tolerance decreases the likelihood of locating on the wrong street but increases the likelihood of not finding any valid network location. The toleranceUnits parameter value can be specified as one of the following values:

    • esriCentimeters
    • esriDecimalDegrees
    • esriDecimeters
    • esriFeet
    • esriInches
    • esriIntFeet
    • esriIntInches
    • esriIntMiles
    • esriIntNauticalMiles
    • esriIntYards
    • esriKilometers
    • esriMeters
    • esriMiles
    • esriMillimeters
    • esriNauticalMiles
    • esriYards
  • sources —Allows you to control which network source can be used for locating. For example, you can configure the analysis to locate inputs on streets but not on sidewalks. The list of possible sources on which to locate is specific to the network dataset this service references. Only the sources that are present in the sources array are used for locating. You can specify a where clause on each source you specified in the sources array to further restrict locating on that source matching certain characteristics using an SQL expression. For example, you can configure the analysis to locate inputs only on street features matching certain road classes such as avoiding highway ramps. Sources is specified as an array of objects, each having the following properties:

    • name —Name of the network source feature class that can be used for locating inputs.
    • where —An SQL expression on the network source feature class.
  • allowAutoRelocate —Allows you to control whether inputs with existing network location fields can be automatically relocated when solving to ensure valid, routable location fields for the analysis. If the value is true , points located on restricted network elements and points affected by barriers will be relocated to the closest routable location. If the value is false , network location fields will be used as is even if the points are unreachable, and this may cause the solve to fail. Even if the value is false , inputs with no location fields or incomplete location fields will be located during the solve operation.

Syntax for locate_settings

Syntax for specifying locate_settings using JSON structure.

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{
    "default": {
        "tolerance": <value>,
        "toleranceUnits": "<unit>",
        "allowAutoRelocate": true | false,
        "sources": [{
            "name": "<sourceName>",
            "where": "<whereClause>"
        }]
    },
    "overrides": {
        "orders": {
            "tolerance": <value>,
            "toleranceUnits": "<unit>",
            "allowAutoRelocate": true | false,
            "sources": [{
                "name": "<sourceName>",
                "where": "<whereClause>"
            }]
        },
        "depots": {
            "tolerance": <value>,
            "toleranceUnits": "<unit>",
            "allowAutoRelocate": true | false,
            "sources": [{
                "name": "<sourceName>",
                "where": "<whereClause>"
            }]
        },
        "point_barriers": {
            "tolerance": <value>,
            "toleranceUnits": "<unit>",
            "allowAutoRelocate": true | false,
            "sources": [{
                "name": "<sourceName>",
                "where": "<whereClause>"
            }]
        },
        "line_barriers": {
            "allowAutoRelocate": true | false,
            "sources": [{
                "name": "<sourceName>",
                "where": "<whereClause>"
            }]
        },
        "polygon_barriers": {
            "allowAutoRelocate": true | false,
            "sources": [{
                "name": "<sourceName>",
                "where": "<whereClause>"
            }]
        }
    }
}

Examples for locate_settings

Example 1: Specify default locate settings using JSON structure

This example shows how to specify locate settings so inputs are only located within 500 meters of the specified location. A small search tolerance like this can be valuable if you are solving using a walking travel mode and don't want inputs to be located farther than 500 meters from the original point location.

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{
  "default": {
    "tolerance": 500,
    "toleranceUnits": "esriMeters",
    "allowAutoRelocate": true,
    "sources": [
      {
        "name": "Routing_Streets"
      }
    ]
  }
}

Example 2: Specify default locate settings and locate settings overrides for some inputs using JSON structure

This example shows how to specify locate settings to prevent orders and depots from locating on highway ramps. The default locate settings allow locating on the Routing_Streets source. For orders and depots, the overrides option is used to specify a where clause for the Routing_Streets source to prevent locating on highway ramps (a ROAD_CLASS field value of 3). With this locate_settings json, orders and depots cannot locate on highway ramps, but barriers can because they use the default locate settings, which do not include a where clause.

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{
    "default": {
        "tolerance": 20,
        "toleranceUnits": "esriKilometers",
        "allowAutoRelocate": true,
        "sources": [{
            "name": "Routing_Streets"
        }]
    },
    "overrides": {
        "orders": {
            "sources": [{
                "name": "Routing_Streets",
                "where": "ROAD_CLASS <> 3"
            }]
        },
        "depots": {
            "sources": [{
                "name": "Routing_Streets",
                "where": "ROAD_CLASS <> 3"
            }]
        }
    }
}

Example three: Specify default locate settings and locate settings overrides using JSON structure so different inputs are located using different sources.

This example shows how to specify default locate settings to locate inputs on Routing_Streets source feature class while allowing point barriers to only locate on the system junctions feature class (Routing_ND_Junctions).

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{
    "default": {
        "tolerance": 20,
        "toleranceUnits": "esriKilometers",
        "allowAutoRelocate": true,
        "sources": [{
            "name": "Routing_Streets"
        }]
    },
    "overrides": {
        "point_barriers": {
            "sources": [{
                "name": "Routing_ND_Junctions"
            }]
        }
    }
}

Output parameters

Upon successful operation, the service returns the solution to the specified vehicle routing problem. The solution is composed of the following output parameters:

out_stops

This provides information about stops made at depots, orders, and breaks. The information includes which routes make the stops, the arrival and departure times, and the stop sequence.

The parameter supports the following fields:

FieldDescription

Name

The name of the stop. The value of this field is the same as the Name field from the input orders, depots, or breaks. You can use the StopType field to determine if the Name field value refers to a depot, an order, or a break.

StopType

Indicates whether the stop represents a depot, an order, or a break. The field value is an integer that can be interpreted in the following ways:

  • 0 —The stop is an order.
  • 1 —The stop is a depot.
  • 2 —The stop is a break.

PickupQuantities

The amount of cargo or number of people to be picked up from a stop. If multiple dimensions are delivered to a stop, each quantity is separated by a space.

The units for the value of this field aren't stored. Interpret the units according to the way you specified the Capacities field on the input routes and the PickupQuantities and DeliveryQuantities fields on the input orders.

DeliveryQuantities

The amount of cargo or number of people to be delivered to a stop. If multiple dimensions are delivered to a stop, each quantity is separated by a space.

The units for the value of this field aren't stored. Interpret the units according to the way you specified the Capacities field on the input routes and the PickupQuantities and DeliveryQuantities fields on the input orders.

RouteName

The name of the route to which the stop is assigned.

Sequence

The relative sequence in which the assigned route visits the stops.

FromPrevTravelTime

The elapsed travel time from the route's previous stop to the current stop.

The value is in the units specified by the time_units parameter.

FromPrevDistance

The distance along the route from the previous stop to the current stop.

The value is in the units specified by the distance_units parameter.

ArriveCurbApproach

Indicates the side of the vehicle the curb is on when arriving at the stop. A value of 1 means the right side of the vehicle; a value of 2 means the left side.

DepartCurbApproach

Indicates the side of the vehicle the curb is on when departing from the stop. A value of 1 means the right side of the vehicle; a value of 2 means the left side.

ArriveTime

The time of day the route arrives at the stop. The time of day value for this field is in the time zone in which the stop is located.

DepartTime

The time of day the route departs from the stop. The time of day value for this field is in the time zone in which the stop is located.

ArriveTimeUTC

The time of day the route arrives at the stop. This value is in coordinated universal time (UTC).

DepartTimeUTC

The time of day the route departs from the stop. This value is in coordinated universal time (UTC).

WaitTime

The wait time or layover at the stop. For example, a wait time is incurred when a route must wait at an order for a time window to open.

The value is in the units specified by the time_units parameter.

ViolationTime

The amount of time elapsed from the end of the stop's time window to the arrival of the route vehicle.

The value is in the units specified by the time_units parameter.

ORIG_FID

The ObjectID of the input order, depot, or break. This field can be used to join attributes from input features.

Syntax example for out_stops

The out_stops parameter is returned as a JSON feature set with the syntax shown below. Unlike the out_routes parameter, the out_stops parameter does not contain spatialReference or geometryType properties because this parameter does not return any geometry information about the stops.

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{
  "paramName": "out_stops",
  "dataType": "GPRecordSet",
  "value": {
    "displayFieldName": "",
    "fields": [
      {
        "name": "<field1Name>",
        "type": "<field1Type>",
        "alias": "<field1Alias>",
        "length": "<field1Length>" //length is included only for esriFieldTypeString
      },
      {
        "name": "<field2Name>",
        "type": "<field2Type>",
        "alias": "<field2Alias>",
        "length": "<field2Length>"
      }
    ],
    "features": [
      {
        "attributes": {
          "<field1>": <value11>,
          "<field2>": <value12>
        }
      },
      {
        "attributes": {
          "<field1>": <value21>,
          "<field2>": <value22>
        }
      }
    ],
    "exceededTransferLimit": <true|false>
  }
}

Example for out_stops

The following is an example of the out_stops parameter.

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{
  "paramName": "out_stops",
  "dataType": "GPRecordSet",
  "value": {
    "displayFieldName": "",
    "fields": [
      {
        "name": "ObjectID",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeOID",
        "alias": "ObjectID"
      },
      {
        "name": "Name",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeString",
        "alias": "Name",
        "length": 128
      },
      {
        "name": "PickupQuantities",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeString",
        "alias": "PickupQuantities",
        "length": 128
      },
      {
        "name": "DeliveryQuantities",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeString",
        "alias": "DeliveryQuantities",
        "length": 128
      },
      {
        "name": "StopType",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeSmallInteger",
        "alias": "StopType"
      },
      {
        "name": "RouteName",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeString",
        "alias": "RouteName",
        "length": 128
      },
      {
        "name": "Sequence",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeInteger",
        "alias": "Sequence"
      },
      {
        "name": "FromPrevTravelTime",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDouble",
        "alias": "FromPrevTravelTime"
      },
      {
        "name": "FromPrevDistance",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDouble",
        "alias": "FromPrevDistance"
      },
      {
        "name": "ArriveCurbApproach",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeInteger",
        "alias": "ArriveCurbApproach"
      },
      {
        "name": "DepartCurbApproach",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeInteger",
        "alias": "DepartCurbApproach"
      },
      {
        "name": "ArriveTime",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDate",
        "alias": "ArriveTime",
        "length": 16
      },
      {
        "name": "DepartTime",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDate",
        "alias": "DepartTime",
        "length": 16
      },
      {
        "name": "WaitTime",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDouble",
        "alias": "WaitTime"
      },
      {
        "name": "ViolationTime",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDouble",
        "alias": "ViolationTime"
      },
      {
        "name": "ArriveTimeUTC",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDate",
        "alias": "ArriveTimeUTC",
        "length": 16
      },
      {
        "name": "DepartTimeUTC",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDate",
        "alias": "DepartTimeUTC",
        "length": 16
      }
    ],
    "features": [
      {
        "attributes": {
          "ObjectID": 1,
          "Name": "Store_1",
          "PickupQuantities": "",
          "DeliveryQuantities": "1706",
          "StopType": 0,
          "RouteName": "Truck_1",
          "Sequence": 3,
          "FromPrevTravelTime": 7.952569246292114,
          "FromPrevDistance": 2.6272945531949463,
          "ArriveCurbApproach": 0,
          "DepartCurbApproach": 0,
          "ArriveTime": 1355248198164,
          "DepartTime": 1355249698164,
          "WaitTime": 0,
          "ViolationTime": 0,
          "ArriveTimeUTC": 1355276998164,
          "DepartTimeUTC": 1355278498164
        }
      },
      {
        "attributes": {
          "ObjectID": 2,
          "Name": "Store_2",
          "PickupQuantities": "",
          "DeliveryQuantities": "1533",
          "StopType": 0,
          "RouteName": "Truck_2",
          "Sequence": 3,
          "FromPrevTravelTime": 5.654368394985795,
          "FromPrevDistance": 1.5515339440650768,
          "ArriveCurbApproach": 0,
          "DepartCurbApproach": 0,
          "ArriveTime": 1355248059340,
          "DepartTime": 1355249439341,
          "WaitTime": 0,
          "ViolationTime": 0,
          "ArriveTimeUTC": 1355276859340,
          "DepartTimeUTC": 1355278239341
        }
      }
    ],
    "exceededTransferLimit": false
  }
}

out_routes

This provides access to the drivers, vehicles, and route paths of a vehicle routing problem analysis.

The populate_route_lines and route_line_simplification_tolerance parameters influence the shape of the output routes.

The parameter supports the following fields:

FieldDescription

Name

The name of the route. The values for this field are copied from the Name field on the input routes.

ViolatedConstraints

  • ViolatedConstraint_1
  • ViolatedConstraint_2
  • ViolatedConstraint_3
  • ViolatedConstraint_4

These fields contain a summary of violated constraints and are set after a solve operation. Each field will contain one violation. If an order has more than one violation, the next ViolatedConstraint_# field will be used.

A single violated constraint is shown per field.

  • MaxOrderCount exceeded (0)—The preassigned orders cannot be assigned to the route since assigning the orders will exceed the maximum number of orders that can be assigned to the route as specified by the route's MaxOrderCount field value.
  • Capacities exceeded (1)—The preassigned orders cannot be assigned to the route since assigning the orders will exceed the total route capacity as specified by the route's Capacities field value.
  • MaxTotalTime exceeded (2)—The travel time from the start depot to the end depot plus the service and wait times at both depots and any break exceeds the total time for the route as specified by the route's MaxTotalTime field value.
  • MaxTotalTravelTime exceeded (3)—The travel time from the start depot to the end depot exceeds the total travel time for the route as specified by the route's MaxTotalTravelTime field value.
  • MaxTotalDistance exceeded (4)—The travel distance from the start depot to the end depot exceeds the total travel distance for the route as specified by the route's MaxTotalDistance field value.
  • Hard time window (5)—There is a hard time window violation on the start depot, end depot, or break associated with the route.
  • Unmatched specialty (6)—The specialties required by an order are not found on the target route.
  • Hard route zone (7)—An order that was preassigned to the route does not fall within a hard route zone.
  • Order pair MaxTransitTime exceeded (8)—There is an order pair preassigned to the route, and assigning the orders in the order pair will exceed the maximum transit time for the order pair as specified by the order pair's MaxTransitTime field value.
  • Order pair violation (9)—An order belongs to an order pair and cannot be assigned to the preassigned route.
  • Unreachable (10)—A preassigned order is located on a network element that cannot be reached by the route.
  • Cannot insert required break (11)—A break for the route has a null sequence value in the presence of preassigned orders, and the break cannot be inserted anywhere without introducing other violations.
  • Cannot insert required renewal (12)—A route exceeds its capacity and needs to visit a route renewal; however, the associated route renewal has a null sequence value in the presence of preassigned orders and cannot be inserted anywhere without introducing other violations.
  • MaxTravelTimeBetweenBreaks exceeded (13)—The solver was unable to insert a break within the time specified by the break's MaxTravelTimeBetweenBreaks field. This is often caused by preassigning a sequence to a break such that it cannot be reached within the maximum travel time.
  • Break MaxCumulWorkTime exceeded (14)—The solver was unable to insert a break within the time specified by the break's MaxCumulWorkTime field. This is often caused by preassigning a sequence to a break such that it cannot be reached within the maximum work time.
  • InboundArriveTime or OutboundDepartTime order violation (15)—The order couldn't be serviced within the inbound arrive time or outbound depart time constraints. This violation occurs when all the routes' LatestStartTime field values precede the InboundArriveTime values or none of the routes can reach a depot before the order's OutboundDepartTime value.
  • Cannot anchor first/last (16)—The order has an Anchor first or Anchor last assignment rule, but the solver could not honor this constraint. This violation occurs when the number of Anchor first orders or the number of Anchor last orders is greater than the number of available routes.

OrderCount

The number of orders assigned to the route.

TotalCost

The total operating cost of the route, which is the sum of the following field values: FixedCost , RegularTimeCost , OvertimeCost , and DistanceCost .

RegularTimeCost

The cost of regular work time, excluding any unpaid breaks.

OvertimeCost

The cost of overtime work, excluding any unpaid breaks.

DistanceCost

The distance cost component obtained by multiplying the TotalDistance and CostPerUnitDistance field values.

TotalTime

The total route duration. This includes travel times as well as service and wait times at orders, depots, and breaks. The TotalTime value is the sum of the following attribute fields:

  • StartDepotServiceTime
  • EndDepotServiceTime
  • TotalOrderServiceTime
  • TotalBreakServiceTime
  • TotalRenewalServiceTime
  • TotalWaitTime
  • TotalTravelTime

The value is in the units specified by the time_units parameter.

TotalOrderServiceTime

The total service time spent at all orders on the route.

The value is in the units specified by the time_units parameter.

TotalBreakServiceTime

The total service time spent at all breaks on the route.

The value is in the units specified by the time_units parameter.

TotalTravelTime

The total travel time for the route.

The value is in the units specified by the time_units parameter.

TotalDistance

The total travel distance for the route.

The value is in the units specified by the distance_units parameter.

StartTime

The starting time of the route. The route may start before the beginning of its start depot's time window, in which case there is a wait time at the starting depot. The time of day value for this attribute is in the time zone in which the starting depot is located.

EndTime

The ending time of the route. The route ends upon completion of service at the ending depot. The time of day value for this attribute is in the time zone in which the ending depot is located.

StartTimeUTC

The start time of the route in coordinated universal time (UTC).

EndTimeUTC

The end time of the route in coordinated universal time (UTC).

TotalWaitTime

The total wait time at all orders, depots, and breaks on the route.

The value is in the units specified by the time_units parameter.

TotalViolationTime

The total violation time at all orders and breaks on the route.

The value is in the units specified by the time_units parameter.

RenewalCount

For a route with renewals, this is equal to the number of visits to depots for the purpose of renewing a vehicle, that is, loading or unloading a vehicle.

TotalRenewalServiceTime

For a route with renewals, this is the total service time spent at all renewal visits on the route.

The value is in the units specified by the time_units parameter.

Syntax example for out_routes

The out_routes parameter is returned as a JSON feature set with following syntax:

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{
  "paramName": "out_Routes",
  "dataType": "GPFeatureRecordSetLayer",
  "value": {
    "displayFieldName": "",
    "geometryType": "esriGeometryPolyline",
    "spatialReference": {
      "wkid": <wkid>,
      "latestWkid": <wkid>
    },
    "fields": [
      {
        "name": "<field1Name>",
        "type": "<field1Type>",
        "alias": "<field1Alias>",
        "length": "<field1Length>" //length is included only for esriFieldTypeString
      },
      {
        "name": "<field2Name>",
        "type": "<field2Type>",
        "alias": "<field2Alias>",
        "length": "<field2Length>"
      }
    ],
    "features": [
      {
        "geometry": {
          "paths": [
            [
              [<x11>,<y11>],
              [<x12>,<y12>]
            ],
            [
              [<x21>,<y21>],
              [<x22>,<y22>]
            ]
          ]
        },
        "attributes": {
          "<field1>": <value11>,
          "<field2>": <value12>
        }
      },
      {
        "geometry": {
          "paths": [
            [
              [<x11>,<y11>],
              [<x12>,<y12>]
            ],
            [
              [<x21>,<y21>],
              [<x22>,<y22>]
            ]
          ]
        },
        "attributes": {
          "<field1>": <value21>,
          "<field2>": <value22>
        }
      }
    ],
    "exceededTransferLimit": <true|false>
  }
}

Example for out_routes

The following is an example of the out_routes parameter.

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{
  "paramName": "out_routes",
  "dataType": "GPFeatureRecordSetLayer",
  "value": {
    "displayFieldName": "",
    "geometryType": "esriGeometryPolyline",
    "spatialReference": {
      "wkid": 4326,
      "latestWkid": 4326
    },
    "fields": [
      {
        "name": "ObjectID",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeOID",
        "alias": "ObjectID"
      },
      {
        "name": "Name",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeString",
        "alias": "Name",
        "length": 128
      },
      {
        "name": "ViolatedConstraints",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeInteger",
        "alias": "ViolatedConstraints"
      },
      {
        "name": "OrderCount",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeInteger",
        "alias": "OrderCount"
      },
      {
        "name": "TotalCost",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDouble",
        "alias": "TotalCost"
      },
      {
        "name": "RegularTimeCost",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDouble",
        "alias": "RegularTimeCost"
      },
      {
        "name": "OvertimeCost",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDouble",
        "alias": "OvertimeCost"
      },
      {
        "name": "DistanceCost",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDouble",
        "alias": "DistanceCost"
      },
      {
        "name": "TotalTime",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDouble",
        "alias": "TotalTime"
      },
      {
        "name": "TotalOrderServiceTime",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDouble",
        "alias": "TotalOrderServiceTime"
      },
      {
        "name": "TotalBreakServiceTime",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDouble",
        "alias": "TotalBreakServiceTime"
      },
      {
        "name": "TotalTravelTime",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDouble",
        "alias": "TotalTravelTime"
      },
      {
        "name": "TotalDistance",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDouble",
        "alias": "TotalDistance"
      },
      {
        "name": "StartTime",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDate",
        "alias": "StartTime",
        "length": 16
      },
      {
        "name": "EndTime",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDate",
        "alias": "EndTime",
        "length": 16
      },
      {
        "name": "TotalWaitTime",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDouble",
        "alias": "TotalWaitTime"
      },
      {
        "name": "TotalViolationTime",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDouble",
        "alias": "TotalViolationTime"
      },
      {
        "name": "RenewalCount",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeInteger",
        "alias": "RenewalCount"
      },
      {
        "name": "TotalRenewalServiceTime",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDouble",
        "alias": "TotalRenewalServiceTime"
      },
      {
        "name": "Shape_Length",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDouble",
        "alias": "Shape_Length"
      }
    ],
    "features": [
      {
        "attributes": {
          "ObjectID": 1,
          "Name": "Truck_1",
          "ViolatedConstraints": null,
          "OrderCount": 2,
          "TotalCost": 55.12577115597857,
          "RegularTimeCost": 32.368821966275576,
          "OvertimeCost": 0,
          "DistanceCost": 22.756949189702993,
          "TotalTime": 161.84410983137786,
          "TotalOrderServiceTime": 49,
          "TotalBreakServiceTime": 0,
          "TotalTravelTime": 52.844109831377864,
          "TotalDistance": 15.171299459801997,
          "StartTime": 1355241600000,
          "EndTime": 1355251310647,
          "TotalWaitTime": 0,
          "TotalViolationTime": 0,
          "RenewalCount": 0,
          "TotalRenewalServiceTime": 0,
          "Shape_Length": 0.27770417275136994
        },
        "geometry": {
          "paths": [
            [
              [-122.39476499860575,37.79623499914595],
              [-122.39486000028876,37.79632999992958]
            ],
            [
              [-122.46491587646648,37.77469887205535],
              [-122.4648300002043,37.77348999976374]
            ]
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "attributes": {
          "ObjectID": 2,
          "Name": "Truck_2",
          "ViolatedConstraints": null,
          "OrderCount": 2,
          "TotalCost": 58.98111973045911,
          "RegularTimeCost": 31.262990736961367,
          "OvertimeCost": 0,
          "DistanceCost": 27.71812899349775,
          "TotalTime": 156.31495368480682,
          "TotalOrderServiceTime": 43,
          "TotalBreakServiceTime": 0,
          "TotalTravelTime": 53.314953684806824,
          "TotalDistance": 18.478752662331832,
          "StartTime": 1355241600000,
          "EndTime": 1355250978897,
          "TotalWaitTime": 0,
          "TotalViolationTime": 0,
          "RenewalCount": 0,
          "TotalRenewalServiceTime": 0,
          "Shape_Length": 0.30798071724323045
        },
        "geometry": {
          "paths": [
            [
              [-122.39476499860575,37.79623499914595],
              [-122.39486000028876,37.79632999992958]
            ],
              [-122.47389692820065,37.74313425554152],
              [-122.47462999977466,37.74310000036479]
            ]
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "attributes": {
          "ObjectID": 3,
          "Name": "Truck_3",
          "ViolatedConstraints": null,
          "OrderCount": 2,
          "TotalCost": 59.96986647554318,
          "RegularTimeCost": 28.12653774395585,
          "OvertimeCost": 0,
          "DistanceCost": 31.843328731587327,
          "TotalTime": 140.63268871977925,
          "TotalOrderServiceTime": 38,
          "TotalBreakServiceTime": 0,
          "TotalTravelTime": 42.63268871977925,
          "TotalDistance": 21.228885821058217,
          "StartTime": 1355241600000,
          "EndTime": 1355250037961,
          "TotalWaitTime": 0,
          "TotalViolationTime": 0,
          "RenewalCount": 0,
          "TotalRenewalServiceTime": 0,
          "Shape_Length": 0.3486039472893737
        },
        "geometry": {
          "paths": [
            [
              [-122.39476499860575,37.79623499914595],
              [-122.39486000028876,37.79632999992958]
            ],
            [
              [-122.44930025350385,37.731549383197546],
              [-122.45112999974964,37.73153999967133]
            ]
          ]
        }
      }
    ],
    "exceededTransferLimit": false
  }
}

out_directions

This provides access to the turn-by-turn directions for each resulting route.

The following table lists the fields that are returned for output directions:

FieldDescription

RouteName

The name of the route to which the driving action applies. This value is the same as the Name field of the output routes.

ArriveTime

The time of day to initiate the given driving action. If the route spans multiple days, the date and time of day are displayed.

Type

The type of maneuver that the directions feature represents or the type of the directions text. To determine whether Type refers to a maneuver type or a directions string type, review the SubItemType field value.

Type can be used, for example, to assign an icon for direction text based on the maneuver type, or it can use a formatting style based on the directions string type when displaying the driving directions in the application.

The Type value is an integer from the Maneuver Types or Directions String Types lists below.

Maneuver Types

  • 0: Unknown
  • 1: Arrive at Stop
  • 2: Go straight
  • 3: Bear left
  • 4: Bear right
  • 5: Turn left
  • 6: Turn right
  • 7: Make sharp left
  • 8: Make sharp right
  • 9: Make U-turn
  • 10: Take ferry
  • 11: Take roundabout
  • 12: Merge to highway
  • 13: Exit highway
  • 14: Go on another highway
  • 15: At fork keep center
  • 16: At fork keep left
  • 17: At fork keep right
  • 18: Depart stop
  • 19: Trip planning item
  • 20: End of ferry
  • 21: Ramp right
  • 22: Ramp left
  • 23: Turn left and immediately turn right
  • 24: Turn right and immediately turn left
  • 25: Turn right and immediately turn right
  • 26: Turn left and immediately turn left
  • 27: Pedestrian ramp
  • 28: Elevator
  • 29: Escalator
  • 30: Stairs
  • 31: Door passage

Directions String Types

  • 0: General directions string type
  • 1: Depart directions string type
  • 2: Arrive directions string type
  • 3: Length directions string type
  • 4: Time directions string type
  • 5: Time summary directions string type
  • 6: Time Window directions string type
  • 7: Violation Time directions string type
  • 8: Wait Time directions string type
  • 9: Service Time directions string type
  • 10: Estimated Arrival Time directions string type
  • 11: Cumulative Length directions string type
  • 12: Street name directions string type
  • 13: Alternate street name directions string type
  • 14: Sign branch information directions string type
  • 15: Sign toward information directions string type
  • 16: Cross street name directions string type
  • 17: Sign exit number directions string type

SubItemType

Specifies whether the Type field refers to an integer from the Directions String Types table or the Maneuver Types table.

  • If the SubItemType value is 1, the Type field refers to the values from the Maneuver Types table.
  • If the SubItemType value is 2, the Type field refers to the values from the Directions String Types table.
  • If the SubItemType value is 3, the Type field refers to the values from the Directions String Types table.

Text

A text description of the travel directions.

ElaspsedTime

The time elapsed in minutes from when the current driving direction starts until the next one starts, or until the route ends for the last driving direction.

DriveDistance

The distance from where the current driving direction occurs to where the next one occurs, or to where the route ends for the last driving direction.

The value is in the units specified by the Directions_Distance_Units parameter.

This value is zero for driving directions that occur at the same location where the next one begins. For example, the DriveDistance value is 0 for the directions text at the start of the route.

Syntax example for out_directions

The out_directions parameter is returned as a JSON feature set with the following syntax:

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{
  "paramName": "out_directions",
  "dataType": "GPFeatureRecordSetLayer",
  "value": {
    "displayFieldName": "",
    "geometryType": "esriGeometryPolyline",
    "spatialReference": {
      "wkid": <wkid>,
      "latestWkid": <wkid>,
    },
    "fields": [
      {
        "name": "<field1Name>",
        "type": "<field1Type>",
        "alias": "<field1Alias>",
        "length": "<field1Length>" //length is included only for esriFieldTypeString
      },
      {
        "name": "<field2Name>",
        "type": "<field2Type>",
        "alias": "<field2Alias>",
        "length": "<field2Length>"
      }
    ],
    "features": [
      {
        "geometry": {
          "paths": [
            [
              [
                <x11>,
                <y11>
              ],
              [
                <x12>,
                <y12>
              ]
            ],
            [
              [
                <x21>,
                <y21>
              ],
              [
                <x22>,
                <y22>
              ]
            ]
          ]
        },
        "attributes": {
          "<field1>": <value11>,
          "<field2>": <value12>
        }
      },
      {
        "geometry": {
          "paths": [
            [
              [
                <x11>,
                <y11>
              ],
              [
                <x12>,
                <y12>
              ]
            ],
            [
              [
                <x21>,
                <y21>
              ],
              [
                <x22>,
                <y22>
              ]
            ]
          ]
        },
        "attributes": {
          "<field1>": <value21>,
          "<field2>": <value22>
        }
      }
    ],
    "exceededTransferLimit": <true|false>
  }
}

Example for out_directions

The following is an example of the out_directions parameter:

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{
  "paramName": "out_directions",
  "dataType": "GPFeatureRecordSetLayer",
  "value": {
    "displayFieldName": "",
    "geometryType": "esriGeometryPolyline",
    "spatialReference": {
      "wkid": 4326,
      "latestWkid": 4326
    },
    "fields": [
      {
        "name": "ObjectID",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeOID",
        "alias": "ObjectID"
      },
      {
        "name": "RouteName",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeString",
        "alias": "RouteName",
        "length": 128
      },
      {
        "name": "ArriveTime",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDate",
        "alias": "ArriveTime",
        "length": 16
      },
      {
        "name": "Type",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeSmallInteger",
        "alias": "Type"
      },
      {
        "name": "SubItemType",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeSmallInteger",
        "alias": "SubItemType"
      },
      {
        "name": "Text",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeString",
        "alias": "Text",
        "length": 255
      },
      {
        "name": "ElapsedTime",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeSingle",
        "alias": "ElapsedTime"
      },
      {
        "name": "DriveDistance",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeSingle",
        "alias": "DriveDistance"
      },
      {
        "name": "Shape_Length",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeDouble",
        "alias": "Shape_Length"
      }
    ],
    "features": [
      {
        "attributes": {
          "ObjectID": 1,
          "RouteName": "Truck_1",
          "ArriveTime": 1355241600000,
          "Type": 18,
          "SubItemType": 1,
          "Text": "Start at San Francisco",
          "ElapsedTime": 60,
          "DriveDistance": 0,
          "Shape_Length": 0
        }
      },
      {
        "attributes": {
          "ObjectID": 2,
          "RouteName": "Truck_1",
          "ArriveTime": 1355241600000,
          "Type": 6,
          "SubItemType": 2,
          "Text": "Time Window: 12/11/2012 4:00 PM - 12/12/2012 1:00 AM",
          "ElapsedTime": 60,
          "DriveDistance": 0,
          "Shape_Length": 0
        }
      },
      {
        "attributes": {
          "ObjectID": 3,
          "RouteName": "Truck_1",
          "ArriveTime": 1355241600000,
          "Type": 9,
          "SubItemType": 2,
          "Text": "Service Time: 1 hr ",
          "ElapsedTime": 60,
          "DriveDistance": 0,
          "Shape_Length": 0
        }
      },
      {
        "attributes": {
          "ObjectID": 4,
          "RouteName": "Truck_1",
          "ArriveTime": 1355245200000,
          "Type": 2,
          "SubItemType": 1,
          "Text": "Go northwest on THE EMBARCADERO (HERB CAEN WAY)",
          "ElapsedTime": 1.015078,
          "DriveDistance": 0.2596097,
          "Shape_Length": 0.004134325550916659
        },
        "geometry": {
          "paths": [
            [
              [
                -122.39476499860575,
                37.79623499914595
              ],
              [
                -122.3955800002168,
                37.79708999990362
              ]
            ]
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "attributes": {
          "ObjectID": 5,
          "RouteName": "Truck_1",
          "ArriveTime": 1355245260905,
          "Type": 5,
          "SubItemType": 1,
          "Text": "Turn left on BROADWAY",
          "ElapsedTime": 3.704131,
          "DriveDistance": 0.7392571,
          "Shape_Length": 0.013397827315874893
        },
        "geometry": {
          "paths": [
            [
              [
                -122.39755000023229,
                37.79928999973373
              ],
              [
                -122.39792999976964,
                37.799070000380254
              ]
            ]
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "attributes": {
          "ObjectID": 14,
          "RouteName": "Truck_1",
          "ArriveTime": 1355246407621,
          "Type": 1,
          "SubItemType": 1,
          "Text": "Arrive at Store_3, on the left",
          "ElapsedTime": 24,
          "DriveDistance": 0,
          "Shape_Length": 0
        }
      },
      {
        "attributes": {
          "ObjectID": 15,
          "RouteName": "Truck_1",
          "ArriveTime": 1355246407621,
          "Type": 6,
          "SubItemType": 2,
          "Text": "Time Window: 12/11/2012 5:00 PM - 12/12/2012 1:00 AM",
          "ElapsedTime": 24,
          "DriveDistance": 0,
          "Shape_Length": 0
        }
      },
      {
        "attributes": {
          "ObjectID": 16,
          "RouteName": "Truck_1",
          "ArriveTime": 1355246407621,
          "Type": 9,
          "SubItemType": 2,
          "Text": "Service Time: 24 min",
          "ElapsedTime": 24,
          "DriveDistance": 0,
          "Shape_Length": 0
        }
      },
      {
        "attributes": {
          "ObjectID": 17,
          "RouteName": "Truck_1",
          "ArriveTime": 1355247847621,
          "Type": 18,
          "SubItemType": 1,
          "Text": "Depart Store_3",
          "ElapsedTime": 0,
          "DriveDistance": 0,
          "Shape_Length": 0
        }
      },
      {
        "attributes": {
          "ObjectID": 18,
          "RouteName": "Truck_1",
          "ArriveTime": 1355247847621,
          "Type": 2,
          "SubItemType": 1,
          "Text": "Continue south on 7TH AVE",
          "ElapsedTime": 0.5039461,
          "DriveDistance": 0.08350408,
          "Shape_Length": 0.001211918705951693
        },
        "geometry": {
          "paths": [
            [
              [
                -122.46491587646648,
                37.77469887205535
              ],
              [
                -122.4648300002043,
                37.77348999976374
              ]
            ]
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "attributes": {
          "ObjectID": 19,
          "RouteName": "Truck_1",
          "ArriveTime": 1355247877858,
          "Type": 6,
          "SubItemType": 1,
          "Text": "Turn right on FULTON ST",
          "ElapsedTime": 7.81348,
          "DriveDistance": 2.474024,
          "Shape_Length": 0.04514114889321549
        },
        "geometry": {
          "paths": [
            [
              [
                -122.4648300002043,
                37.77348999976374
              ],
              [
                -122.46588000006193,
                37.773380000087
              ]
            ]
          ]
        }
      }
    ],
    "exceededTransferLimit": false
  }
}

out_unassigned_stops

This provides access to the orders that couldn't be visited by any routes. You can also determine why the orders couldn't be visited and make the necessary changes to correct the problem.

The parameter supports the following fields:

FieldDescription

StopType

Indicates whether the stop represents a depot, an order, or a break. The field value is an integer that can be interpreted in the following ways:

  • 0 —The stop is an order.
  • 1 —The stop is a depot.
  • 2 —The stop is a break.

Name

The name of the stop. The value of this field is the same as the Name field from input orders, depots, or breaks. You can use the StopType field to determine whether the Name field value refers to a depot, an order, or a break.

ViolatedConstraints

  • ViolatedConstraint_1
  • ViolatedConstraint_2
  • ViolatedConstraint_3
  • ViolatedConstraint_4

These fields contain a summary of violated constraints and are set after a solve operation. Each field will contain one violation. If an order has more than one violation, the next ViolatedConstraint_# field will be used.

Shows a single violated constraint per field.

  • MaxOrderCount exceeded (0)—The preassigned orders cannot be assigned to the route since assigning the orders will exceed the maximum number of orders that can be assigned to the route as specified by the route's MaxOrderCount field value.
  • Capacities exceeded (1)—The preassigned orders cannot be assigned to the route since assigning the orders will exceed the total route capacity as specified by the route's Capacities field value.
  • MaxTotalTime exceeded (2)—The travel time from the start depot to the end depot plus the service and wait times at both depots and any break exceeds the total time for the route as specified by the route's MaxTotalTime field value.
  • MaxTotalTravelTime exceeded (3)—The travel time from the start depot to the end depot exceeds the total travel time for the route as specified by the route's MaxTotalTravelTime field value.
  • MaxTotalDistance exceeded (4)—The travel distance from the start depot to the end depot exceeds the total travel distance for the route as specified by the route's MaxTotalDistance field value.
  • Hard time window (5)—There is a hard time window violation on the start depot, end depot, or break associated with the route.
  • Unmatched specialty (6)—The specialties required by an order are not found on the target route.
  • Hard route zone (7)—An order that was preassigned to the route does not fall within a hard route zone.
  • Order pair MaxTransitTime exceeded (8)—There is an order pair preassigned to the route, and assigning the orders in the order pair will exceed the maximum transit time for the order pair as specified by the order pair's MaxTransitTime field value.
  • Order pair violation (9)—An order belongs to an order pair and cannot be assigned to the preassigned route.
  • Unreachable (10)—A preassigned order is located on a network element that cannot be reached by the route.
  • Cannot insert required break (11)—A break for the route has a null sequence value in the presence of preassigned orders, and the break cannot be inserted anywhere without introducing other violations.
  • Cannot insert required renewal (12)—A route exceeds its capacity and needs to visit a route renewal; however, the associated route renewal has a null sequence value in the presence of preassigned orders and cannot be inserted anywhere without introducing other violations.
  • MaxTravelTimeBetweenBreaks exceeded (13)—The solver could not insert a break within the time specified by the break's MaxTravelTimeBetweenBreaks field. This is often caused by preassigning a sequence to a break such that it cannot be reached within the maximum travel time.
  • Break MaxCumulWorkTime exceeded (14)—The solver could not insert a break within the time specified by the break's MaxCumulWorkTime field. This is often caused by preassigning a sequence to a break such that it cannot be reached within the maximum work time.
  • InboundArriveTime or OutboundDepartTime order violation (15)—The order couldn't be serviced within the inbound arrive time or outbound depart time constraints. This violation occurs when all the routes' LatestStartTime field values precede the InboundArriveTime values or none of the routes can reach a depot before the order's OutboundDepartTime value.
  • Cannot anchor first/last (16)—The order has an Anchor first or Anchor last assignment rule, but the solver could not honor this constraint. This violation occurs when the number of Anchor first orders or the number of Anchor last orders is greater than the number of available routes.

Status

Indicates the status of the point with respect to its location on the network and the outcome of the analysis. The possible values are the following:

  • 0 (OK)—The point was located on the network.
  • 1 (Not Located)—The point was not located on the network and consequently was not included in the analysis.
  • 2 (Network element not located)—The network element identified by the point's network location fields can't be found. This can occur when a network element where the point should be was deleted, and the network location was not recalculated.
  • 3 (Element not traversable)—The network element that the point is located on is not traversable. This can occur when the element is restricted by a restriction attribute.
  • 4 (Invalid Field Values)—Field values fall outside a range or coded-value domain. For example, a negative number exists where positive numbers are required.
  • 5 (Not Reached)—The point can't be reached by the solver. The point may be on a separate, disconnected area of the network from the other inputs, or barriers or restrictions prevent travel to or from the point.
  • 6 (Time window violation)—The point could not be reached within the designated time windows. This status only applies to network analysis types that support time windows.
  • 7 (Not located on closest)—The closest network location to the point is not traversable because of a restriction or barrier, so the point has been located on the closest traversable network feature instead.

Syntax example for out_unassigned_stops

The out_unassigned_stops parameter is returned as a JSON feature set with following syntax.

Unlike the out_routes parameter, the out_unassigned_stops parameter does not contain spatialReference or geometryType properties because this parameter does not return any geometry information about the stops.

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{
  "paramName": "out_unassigned_stops",
  "dataType": "GPRecordSet",
  "value": {
    "displayFieldName": "",
    "fields": [
      {
        "name": "<field1Name>",
        "type": "<field1Type>",
        "alias": "<field1Alias>",
        "length": "<field1Length>" //length is included only for esriFieldTypeString
      },
      {
        "name": "<field2Name>",
        "type": "<field2Type>",
        "alias": "<field2Alias>",
        "length": "<field2Length>"
      }
    ],
    "features": [
      {
        "attributes": {
          "<field1>": <value11>,
          "<field2>": <value12>
        }
      },
      {
        "attributes": {
          "<field1>": <value21>,
          "<field2>": <value22>
        }
      }
    ],
    "exceededTransferLimit": <true|false>
  }
}

Example for out_unassigned_stops

The following is an example of the out_unassigned_stops parameter.

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{
  "paramName": "out_unassigned_stops",
  "dataType": "GPRecordSet",
  "value": {
    "displayFieldName": "",
    "fields": [
      {
        "name": "ObjectID",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeOID",
        "alias": "ObjectID"
      },
      {
        "name": "StopType",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeSmallInteger",
        "alias": "StopType"
      },
      {
        "name": "Name",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeString",
        "alias": "Name",
        "length": 128
      },
      {
        "name": "ViolatedConstraints",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeInteger",
        "alias": "ViolatedConstraints"
      },
      {
        "name": "Status",
        "type": "esriFieldTypeInteger",
        "alias": "Status"
      }
    ],
    "features": [
      {
        "attributes": {
          "ObjectID": 1,
          "StopType": 0,
          "Name": "Store_6",
          "ViolatedConstraints": 1,
          "Status": 5
        }
      },
      {
        "attributes": {
          "ObjectID": 2,
          "StopType": 0,
          "Name": "Store_8",
          "ViolatedConstraints": 1,
          "Status": 5
        }
      },
      {
        "attributes": {
          "ObjectID": 3,
          "StopType": 0,
          "Name": "Store_9",
          "ViolatedConstraints": 1,
          "Status": 5
        }
      }
    ],
    "exceededTransferLimit": false
  }
}

solve_succeeded

Use this parameter to determine whether the service successfully found the solution for the input vehicle routing problem. The error messages for the failure can be obtained by making a request to get the status of the job.

The solve_succeeded parameter is returned as a JSON feature set with following syntax:

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{
  "paramName": "solve_succeeded",
  "dataType": "GPBoolean",
  "value": <true | false>
}

The following is an example of the solve_succeeded parameter:

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{
  "paramName": "solve_succeeded",
  "dataType": "GPBoolean",
  "value": true
}

out_route_data

Use this parameter to access a .zip file that contains a file geodatabase containing the inputs and outputs of the analysis in a format that can be used to share route layers with ArcGIS Online or Portal for ArcGIS. The parameter value is populated only when the save_route_data parameter is set to true .

out_result_file

Use this parameter to access the results from the analysis as a .zip file containing one or more files for each output. The format of the individual file is specified by the output_format parameter. The parameter value is not populated when the output_format parameter is set to Feature Set .

out_network_analysis_layer

Use this parameter to access the network analysis layer file that stores the analysis settings and the inputs and outputs used for the analysis. The parameter value is populated only when the save_output_layer parameter is set to true .

Usage limits

The table below lists the limits that apply to this service. Some limits vary by request mode, and they are noted accordingly.

Limit valueLimit description

12.42 miles (20 kilometers)

The maximum snap tolerance.

If the distance between an input point and its nearest traversable street is greater than the distance specified here, the point is excluded from the analysis.

10,000,000

The maximum number of direction features that can be returned for the Direct and job requests.

600 seconds for Direct request operation

4 hours for Job request

The maximum time a client can use the VRP services.

The limit for snap tolerance cannot be changed, however you can configure other limits by following the steps below:

  1. Open Server Manager for the ArcGIS Server site that contains the NetworkAnalysis geoprocessing service and sign in. If you need help with this step, see Log in to Manager.
  2. Click Services > Manage Services.
  3. In the Manage Services module, locate NetworkAnalysis geoprocessing service and click Edit Service. If you don't see the service under the Routing folder, it may be located within another folder under the Site (root) >.
  4. Click the Parameters option and change the limit for the number of records returned by the service by editing the value in Maximum Number of Records Returned by Server text box.
  5. Click the Pooling option and change the maximum time the service can be used by editing the value in the The maximum time a client can use a service text box.
  6. Click Save and Restart to apply your edits and restart the service.

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