Calculate a viewshed using a geoprocessing service, in this case showing what parts of a landscape are visible from points on mountainous terrain.

Use case
A viewshed is used to highlight what is visible from a given point. A viewshed could be created to show what a hiker might be able to see from a given point at the top of a mountain. Equally, a viewshed could also be created from a point representing the maximum height of a proposed wind turbine to see from what areas the turbine would be visible.
How to use the sample
Click the map to see all areas visible from that point within a 15km radius. Clicking on an elevated area will highlight a larger part of the surrounding landscape. It may take a few seconds for the task to run and send back the results.
How it works
- Create a
GeoprocessingTaskobject with the URL set to a geoprocessing service endpoint. - Create a
FeatureCollectionTableobject and add a newFeatureobject whose geometry is the viewshed’s observerPoint. - Make a
GeoprocessingParametersobject passing in the observer point. - Use the geoprocessing task to create a
GeoprocessingJobobject with the parameters. - Start the job and wait for it to complete and return a
GeoprocessingResultobject. - Get the resulting
GeoprocessingFeaturesobject. - Iterate through the viewshed features to use their geometry or display the geometry in a new
Graphicobject.
Relevant API
- FeatureCollectionTable
- GeoprocessingFeatures
- GeoprocessingJob
- GeoprocessingParameters
- GeoprocessingResult
- GeoprocessingTask
Tags
geoprocessing, heat map, heatmap, viewshed
Sample Code
/* * Copyright 2022 Esri. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */
module com.esri.samples.viewshed_geoprocessing { // require ArcGIS Maps SDK for Java modules requires com.esri.arcgisruntime;
// handle SLF4J http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#StaticLoggerBinder requires org.slf4j.nop;
// require JavaFX modules that the application uses requires javafx.graphics;
exports com.esri.samples.viewshed_geoprocessing;}/* * Copyright 2018 Esri. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not * use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of * the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under * the License. */
package com.esri.samples.viewshed_geoprocessing;
import java.util.Arrays;import java.util.Collections;import java.util.List;import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import javafx.application.Application;import javafx.geometry.Point2D;import javafx.geometry.Pos;import javafx.scene.Scene;import javafx.scene.control.Alert;import javafx.scene.control.Alert.AlertType;import javafx.scene.control.ProgressIndicator;import javafx.scene.input.MouseButton;import javafx.scene.layout.StackPane;import javafx.scene.paint.Color;import javafx.stage.Stage;
import com.esri.arcgisruntime.ArcGISRuntimeEnvironment;import com.esri.arcgisruntime.concurrent.Job;import com.esri.arcgisruntime.concurrent.ListenableFuture;import com.esri.arcgisruntime.data.Feature;import com.esri.arcgisruntime.data.FeatureCollectionTable;import com.esri.arcgisruntime.data.FeatureSet;import com.esri.arcgisruntime.data.Field;import com.esri.arcgisruntime.geometry.GeometryType;import com.esri.arcgisruntime.geometry.Point;import com.esri.arcgisruntime.loadable.LoadStatus;import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.ArcGISMap;import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.BasemapStyle;import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.Viewpoint;import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.view.Graphic;import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.view.GraphicsOverlay;import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.view.MapView;import com.esri.arcgisruntime.symbology.FillSymbol;import com.esri.arcgisruntime.symbology.SimpleFillSymbol;import com.esri.arcgisruntime.symbology.SimpleMarkerSymbol;import com.esri.arcgisruntime.symbology.SimpleRenderer;import com.esri.arcgisruntime.tasks.geoprocessing.GeoprocessingFeatures;import com.esri.arcgisruntime.tasks.geoprocessing.GeoprocessingJob;import com.esri.arcgisruntime.tasks.geoprocessing.GeoprocessingParameters;import com.esri.arcgisruntime.tasks.geoprocessing.GeoprocessingResult;import com.esri.arcgisruntime.tasks.geoprocessing.GeoprocessingTask;
public class ViewshedGeoprocessingSample extends Application {
private MapView mapView; private GeoprocessingJob geoprocessingJob; // keep loadables in scope to avoid garbage collection private GeoprocessingTask geoprocessingTask; private FeatureCollectionTable featureCollectionTable;
@Override public void start(Stage stage) {
try { // create stack pane and application scene StackPane stackPane = new StackPane(); Scene scene = new Scene(stackPane);
// set title, size, and add scene to stage stage.setTitle("Viewshed Geoprocessing Sample"); stage.setWidth(800); stage.setHeight(700); stage.setScene(scene); stage.show();
// authentication with an API key or named user is required to access basemaps and other location services String yourAPIKey = System.getProperty("apiKey"); ArcGISRuntimeEnvironment.setApiKey(yourAPIKey);
// create a map with the topographic basemap style ArcGISMap map = new ArcGISMap(BasemapStyle.ARCGIS_TOPOGRAPHIC);
// create a map view and set the map to it mapView = new MapView(); mapView.setMap(map);
// set a viewpoint on the map view mapView.setViewpoint(new Viewpoint(45.3790902612337, 6.84905317262762, 144447));
// create an input graphics overlay to show red point markers where the user clicks SimpleMarkerSymbol pointSymbol = new SimpleMarkerSymbol(SimpleMarkerSymbol.Style.CIRCLE, Color.RED, 10); SimpleRenderer renderer = new SimpleRenderer(pointSymbol); GraphicsOverlay inputGraphicsOverlay = new GraphicsOverlay(); inputGraphicsOverlay.setRenderer(renderer);
// create an output graphics overlay to show the viewsheds as orange areas Color fillColor = Color.rgb(226, 119, 40, 0.5); FillSymbol fillSymbol = new SimpleFillSymbol(SimpleFillSymbol.Style.SOLID, fillColor, null); GraphicsOverlay outputGraphicsOverlay = new GraphicsOverlay(); outputGraphicsOverlay.setRenderer(new SimpleRenderer(fillSymbol));
// add the graphics overlays to the map view mapView.getGraphicsOverlays().addAll(Arrays.asList(inputGraphicsOverlay, outputGraphicsOverlay));
// show progress indicator when geoprocessing task is loading or geoprocessing job is running ProgressIndicator progress = new ProgressIndicator(ProgressIndicator.INDETERMINATE_PROGRESS); progress.setMaxWidth(30);
// create the geoprocessing task with the service URL and load it geoprocessingTask = new GeoprocessingTask("https://sampleserver6.arcgisonline" + ".com/arcgis/rest/services/Elevation/ESRI_Elevation_World/GPServer/Viewshed"); geoprocessingTask.loadAsync();
geoprocessingTask.addDoneLoadingListener(() -> { if (geoprocessingTask.getLoadStatus() == LoadStatus.LOADED) { // hide the progress when the geoprocessing task is done loading and enable the click event progress.setVisible(false);
mapView.setOnMouseClicked(e -> { // check that the primary mouse button was clicked and any previous geoprocessing job has been canceled if (e.isStillSincePress() && e.getButton() == MouseButton.PRIMARY && geoprocessingJob == null) {
// clear previous user click location and the viewshed geoprocessing task results inputGraphicsOverlay.getGraphics().clear(); outputGraphicsOverlay.getGraphics().clear();
// show a graphic in the input graphics overlay at the clicked location Point2D point2D = new Point2D(e.getX(), e.getY()); Point point = mapView.screenToLocation(point2D); Graphic inputGraphic = new Graphic(point); inputGraphicsOverlay.getGraphics().add(inputGraphic);
progress.setVisible(true); // get the default geoprocessing parameters ListenableFuture<GeoprocessingParameters> defaultParameters = geoprocessingTask.createDefaultParametersAsync(); defaultParameters.addDoneListener(() -> { try { GeoprocessingParameters parameters = defaultParameters.get();
// create required viewshed fields List<Field> fields = Collections.singletonList(Field.createString("observer", "", 8));
// create a feature collection table (used as a parameter to the geoprocessing job) featureCollectionTable = new FeatureCollectionTable(fields, GeometryType.POINT, point.getSpatialReference()); featureCollectionTable.loadAsync();
featureCollectionTable.addDoneLoadingListener(() -> { // create a new feature with the geometry of the clicked location and add it to the table Feature newFeature = featureCollectionTable.createFeature(); newFeature.setGeometry(point);
featureCollectionTable.addFeatureAsync(newFeature).addDoneListener(() -> { // set the required parameters for viewshed parameters.setProcessSpatialReference(featureCollectionTable.getSpatialReference()); parameters.setOutputSpatialReference(featureCollectionTable.getSpatialReference()); parameters.getInputs().put("Input_Observation_Point", new GeoprocessingFeatures(featureCollectionTable));
// create a geoprocessing job from the task with the parameters geoprocessingJob = geoprocessingTask.createJob(parameters);
// start the job and wait for the result geoprocessingJob.start(); geoprocessingJob.addJobDoneListener(() -> { if (geoprocessingJob.getStatus() == Job.Status.SUCCEEDED) { // get the viewshed from the job's result GeoprocessingResult geoprocessingResult = geoprocessingJob.getResult(); GeoprocessingFeatures resultFeatures = (GeoprocessingFeatures) geoprocessingResult.getOutputs().get("Viewshed_Result");
// loop through the result features to get the viewshed geometries FeatureSet featureSet = resultFeatures.getFeatures(); for (Feature feature : featureSet) { // add the viewshed geometry as a graphic to the output graphics overlay Graphic graphic = new Graphic(feature.getGeometry()); outputGraphicsOverlay.getGraphics().add(graphic); } } else { // remove the input and show an error if the job fails inputGraphicsOverlay.getGraphics().remove(inputGraphic); new Alert(AlertType.ERROR, "Geoprocessing job failed. Try again.").show(); } // hide the progress when the job is complete progress.setVisible(false); // cancel the job if it's still going and set it to null to re-enable the mouse click listener if (geoprocessingJob != null) { geoprocessingJob.cancelAsync(); geoprocessingJob = null; } }); }); }); } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException ex) { new Alert(AlertType.ERROR, "Error creating default geoprocessing parameters").show(); } }); } }); } else { new Alert(AlertType.ERROR, "Failed to load geoprocessing task").show(); } });
// and the mapView and progress indicator to the stack pane stackPane.getChildren().addAll(mapView, progress); StackPane.setAlignment(progress, Pos.CENTER); } catch (Exception e) { // on any error, display the stack trace. e.printStackTrace(); } }
/** * Stops and releases all resources used in application. */ @Override public void stop() {
if (mapView != null) { mapView.dispose(); } }
/** * Opens and runs application. * * @param args arguments passed to this application */ public static void main(String[] args) {
Application.launch(args); }}