Geometry functions

The following functions allow you to create and evaluate geometry objects. Please note that if your input has more than one geometry, they must have the same spatial reference.

Angle

This function has 2 signatures:

• Angle(pointA, pointB) -> Number
• Angle(pointA, pointB, pointC) -> Number

Angle(pointA, pointB) -> Number

Since version 1.7

Function bundle: Geometry

Returns the arithmetic angle of a line between two points in degrees (0 - 360). The angle is measured in a counter-clockwise direction relative to east. For example, an angle of 90 degrees points due north.

Only the x-y plane is considered for the measurement. Any z-coordinates are ignored. Point features can be used instead of any or both Point geometries. If the points are identical, then an angle of 0 degrees is returned.

See bearing.

Parameters

• pointA: Point | Feature - The first Point or Feature used to calculate the angle.
• pointB: Point | Feature - The second Point or Feature used to calculate the angle.

Return value: Number

Example

Returns the angle from a Point to a Feature, in degrees

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var pointA = Point({ "x":976259, "y":8066511, "spatialReference": { "wkid": 3857 } });
Angle(pointA, $feature)

Angle(pointA, pointB, pointC) -> Number

Since version 1.7

Function bundle: Geometry

Returns the arithmetic angle of a line between three points in degrees (0 - 360). The angle is measured around pointB in a counter-clockwise direction, from pointA to pointC.

Only the x-y plane is considered for the measurement. Any z-coordinates are ignored. Point features can be used instead of either or all Point geometries. If the points are identical, then an angle of 0 or 180 degrees is returned (depending internal arithmetic).

See bearing.

Parameters

• pointA: Point | Feature - The first Point or Feature used to calculate the angle.
• pointB: Point | Feature - The second Point or Feature used to calculate the angle.
• pointC: Point | Feature - The third Point or Feature used to calculate the angle.

Return value: Number

Example

Returns the angle between two points around the feature, in degrees

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var pointA = Point({ "x":976259, "y":8066511, "spatialReference": { "wkid": 3857 } });
var pointC = Point({ "x":308654, "y":9005421, "spatialReference": { "wkid": 3857 } });
Angle(pointA, $feature, pointC)

Area

Area(polygon, unit?) -> Number

Since version 1.7

Function bundle: Geometry

Returns the area of the input geometry or Feature in the given units. This is a planar measurement using Cartesian mathematics.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• polygon: Polygon | Feature | Array<Point> - The Polygon or Feature for which to calculate the planar area.
• unit (Optional): Text | Number - Measurement unit of the return value.
  Possible values: acres | square-feet | hectares | square-kilometers | square-miles | square-nautical-miles | square-meters | square-yards

Return value: Number

Example

Returns the area of the feature in square meters

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Area($feature, 'square-meters')

AreaGeodetic

AreaGeodetic(polygon, unit?) -> Number

Since version 1.7

Function bundle: Geometry

Returns the geodetic area of the input geometry or Feature in the given units. This is more reliable measurement of area than Area() because it takes into account the Earth's curvature. Support is limited to geometries with a Web Mercator (wkid 3857) or a WGS 84 (wkid 4326) spatial reference.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• polygon: Polygon | Feature | Array<Point> - The Polygon or Feature for which to calculate the geodetic area.
• unit (Optional): Text | Number - Measurement unit of the return value.
  Possible values: acres | square-feet | hectares | square-kilometers | square-miles | square-nautical-miles | square-meters | square-yards

Return value: Number

Example

Returns the geodetic area of the feature in square meters

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AreaGeodetic($feature, 'square-meters')

Bearing

This function has 2 signatures:

• Bearing(pointA, pointB) -> Number
• Bearing(pointA, pointB, pointC) -> Number

Bearing(pointA, pointB) -> Number

Since version 1.7

Function bundle: Geometry

Returns the geographic angle of a line between two points in degrees (0 - 360). The bearing is measured in a clockwise direction relative to north. For example, a bearing of 225 degrees represents a southwest orientation.

Only the x-y plane is considered for the measurement. Any z-coordinates are ignored. Point features can be used instead of either or both Point geometries. If the points are identical, then an angle of 0 is returned.

See also angle.

Parameters

• pointA: Point | Feature - The first point used to calculate the bearing.
• pointB: Point | Feature - The second point used to calculate the bearing.

Return value: Number

Example

Returns the bearing from a point to the feature, in degrees

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var pointA = Point({ "x":976259, "y":8066511, "spatialReference": { "wkid": 3857 } });
Bearing(pointA,$feature)

Bearing(pointA, pointB, pointC) -> Number

Since version 1.7

Function bundle: Geometry

Returns the geographic angle of a line between three points in degrees (0 - 360). The bearing is measured around pointB in a clockwise direction, from pointA to pointC.

Only the x-y plane is considered for the measurement. Any z-coordinates are ignored. Point features can be used instead of any or all Point geometries. If the points are identical, then an angle of 0 or 180 degrees is returned (depending internal arithmetic).

See also angle.

Parameters

• pointA: Point | Feature - The first point used to calculate the bearing.
• pointB: Point | Feature - The second point used to calculate the bearing.
• pointC: Point | Feature - The third point used to calculate the bearing.

Return value: Number

Example

Returns the bearing between two points around the feature, in degrees

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var pointA = Point({ "x":976259, "y":8066511, "spatialReference": { "wkid": 3857 } });
var pointC = Point({ "x":308654, "y":9005421, "spatialReference": { "wkid": 3857 } });
Bearing(pointA,$feature,pointC)

Buffer

Buffer(inputGeometry, distance, unit?) -> Polygon

Since version 1.3

Function bundle: Geometry

Returns the planar (or Euclidean) buffer at a specified distance around the input geometry. This is a planar measurement using Cartesian mathematics.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• inputGeometry: Geometry | Feature - The geometry to buffer.
• distance: Number - The distance to buffer from the geometry.
• unit (Optional): Text | Number - Measurement unit of the buffer distance. For visualization, labeling, and popups, the default unit is the map's spatial reference. In other profiles, like field calculation, the default is based on the spatial reference of the data.
  Possible values: feet | kilometers | miles | nautical-miles | meters | yards

Return value: Polygon

Example

Returns a polygon representing a 1/2-mile buffer around the input geometry

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Buffer($feature, 0.5, 'miles')

BufferGeodetic

BufferGeodetic(inputGeometry, distance, unit?) -> Polygon

Since version 1.3

Function bundle: Geometry

Returns the geodetic buffer at a specified distance around the input geometry. This is a geodesic measurement, which calculates distances on an ellipsoid. Support is limited to geometries with a Web Mercator (wkid 3857) or a WGS 84 (wkid 4326) spatial reference.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• inputGeometry: Geometry | Feature - The geometry to buffer.
• distance: Number - The distance to buffer from the geometry.
• unit (Optional): Text | Number - Measurement unit of the buffer distance. For visualization, labeling, and popups, the default unit is the map's spatial reference. In other profiles, like field calculation, the default is based on the spatial reference of the data.
  Possible values: feet | kilometers | miles | nautical-miles | meters | yards

Return value: Polygon

Example

Returns a polygon representing a 1/2-mile buffer around the input geometry

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BufferGeodetic($feature, 0.5, 'miles')

Centroid

Centroid(polygon) -> Point

Since version 1.7

Function bundle: Geometry

Returns the centroid of the input geometry.

Parameter

• polygon: Polygon | Feature | Array<Point> - The polygon or array of points composing a polygon.

Return value: Point

Examples

Returns the centroid of the given polygon

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Centroid($feature)

Returns the centroid of the given polygon ring

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var ringPoints = Geometry($feature).rings[0];
Centroid(ringPoints);

Clip

Clip(inputGeometry, envelope) -> Geometry

Since version 1.3

Function bundle: Geometry

Calculates the clipped geometry from a target geometry by an envelope.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• inputGeometry: Geometry | Feature - The geometry to be clipped.
• envelope: Extent - The envelope used to clip the geometry.

Return value: Geometry

Example

Returns the area of the clipped geometry

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var envelope = Extent({ ... });
Area(Clip($feature, envelope), 'square-miles');

Contains

This function has 2 signatures:

• Contains(containerGeometry, insideGeometry) -> Boolean
• Contains(containerGeometry, insideFeatures) -> FeatureSet

Contains(containerGeometry, insideGeometry) -> Boolean

Since version 1.7

Function bundle: Geometry

Indicates if one geometry contains another geometry. In the graphic below, the red highlight indicates the scenarios where the function will return true.

Be aware that using $feature as input to this function will yield results only as precise as the view's scale resolution. Therefore values returned from expressions using this function may change after zooming between scales. Read more here.

Parameters

• containerGeometry: Geometry | Feature - The geometry that is tested for the 'contains' relationship to insideGeometry. Think of this geometry as the potential 'container' of the insideGeometry.
• insideGeometry: Geometry | Feature - The geometry that is tested for the 'within' relationship to the containerGeometry.

Return value: Boolean

Example

Returns true if the feature is contained within the given polygon

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var container = Polygon({ ... });
Contains(containerGeometry, $feature);

Contains(containerGeometry, insideFeatures) -> FeatureSet

Since version 1.7

Function bundle: Geometry

Returns features from a FeatureSet that are contained within the input geometry. In the graphic below, the red highlight illustrates the spatial relationships where the function will return features.

Be aware that using $feature as input to this function will yield results only as precise as the view's scale resolution. Therefore values returned from expressions using this function may change after zooming between scales. Read more here.

Parameters

• containerGeometry: Geometry | Feature - The geometry that is tested for the 'contains' relationship to insideFeatures. Think of this geometry as the potential 'container' of the insideFeatures.
• insideFeatures: FeatureSet - The FeatureSet that is tested for the 'within' relationship to the containerGeometry.

Return value: FeatureSet

Example

Returns the number of features that are within the given polygon

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var parcels = FeatureSetByName($map, 'parcels')
var projectArea = $feature;
Count(Contains(projectArea, parcels));

ConvertDirection

ConvertDirection(input, inputSpec, outputSpec) -> Array<Number | Text> | Number | Text

Since version 1.13

Function bundle: Geometry

Angles can have several interpretations and can be represented as a number, a text, or a well formed array. This function takes one input representation and converts it to another.

The input value is described by a dictionary that specified the type of angle and the type of direction. Examples:

If the angleType and directionType are not appropriate for the input, then the conversion will fail.

The desired output value is as well described by a dictionary that specidies output type, angle type, direction type, and an optional format for text ouput.

If the output type is value:

• an array will be returned for angle type dms or for direction type quadrant
• a number will be returned for all the other cases

If the output type is text, then default padding and delimeters will be used unless the optionalformat property is provided.
format controls order, spacing, padding, and delimeters in the output text.
Strings of format specifier characters before a decimal point indicate minimum padding (e.g. DDD -> 000).
Strings of format characters after a decimal point indicate precision (e.g. D.DD -> 0.00).

Supported format characters:

For dms formatting, if the s is not used then m will round to the nearest minute. Similarly, if m is not used then d will round.

Parameters

• input: Array<Number | Text> | Number | Text - A raw representation of the bearing. The type of input and the values of the inputSpec dictate how the input is parsed.

• inputSpec: Dictionary - Contains information about how to interpret input.

  • angleType: Text - Describes the input angle unit.
    Supported Values: DEGREES, DMS, RADIANS, GONS, GRADIANS
  • directionType: Text - Describes the input bearing's meridian and direction.
    Supported Values: NORTH, SOUTH, POLAR, QUADRANT

• outputSpec: Dictionary - Contains information about how to format the output.

  • outputType: Text - Controls output type.
    Supported Values: value, text
  • angleType: Text - Describes the output angle unit.
    Supported Values: DEGREES, DMS, RADIANS, GONS, GRADIANS
  • directionType: Text - Describes the output bearing's meridian and direction.
    Supported Values: NORTH, SOUTH, POLAR, QUADRANT
  • format (Optional): Text - Controls text formatting. Only applicable if outputType is text.

Return value: Array<Number | Text> | Number | Text

Examples

Examples where the outputType is value.

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ConvertDirection( 30, {directionType:'North', angleType: 'Degrees'}, {directionType:'Quadrant', angleType: 'DMS', outputType: 'value'})
// returns ['N', 30, 0, 0, 'E']

ConvertDirection( 25.99, {directionType:'North', angleType : 'Gradians'}, {directionType:'North', outputType: 'value', angleType : 'Gradians'})
// returns 25.99

ConvertDirection( 1, {directionType:'North', angleType: 'DEGREES'}, {directionType: 'Quadrant', angleType: 'Degrees', outputType: 'value'})
// returns ['N',1,'E']

ConvertDirection( 0.9, {directionType: 'North', angleType: 'degrees'}, {directionType:'North', angleType: 'gradians', outputType: 'value'})
// returns 1.0

ConvertDirection( 180.0, {directionType:'North', angleType: 'degrees'}, {directionType:'North', angleType: 'radians', outputType : 'value'})
// returns PI

Examples where outputType is text.

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ConvertDirection( 25.34, {directionType: 'North', angleType: 'DEGREES'}, {directionType:'North', outputType: 'text', format: 'DDDD.D'})
// returns '0025.3'

ConvertDirection( 25.34, {directionType: 'North', angleType: 'DEGREES'}, {directionType:'North', outputType: 'text', format: 'R'})
// returns '0'

ConvertDirection( 25.34, {directionType: 'North', angleType: 'DEGREES'}, {directionType:'North', outputType: 'text', format: '[DD.DD]'})
// returns 'DD.DD'

ConvertDirection( 25.34, {directionType:'North', angleType: 'DEGREES'}, {directionType:'quadrant', outputType: 'text', format: 'P B'})
// returns 'North East'

ConvertDirection( [001,01,59.99], {directionType:'North', angleType: 'DMS'}, {directionType:'North', angleType: 'DMS', outputType: 'text', format: 'dddA mm[B] ssC'})
// returns '001A 02B 00C'

ConvexHull

ConvexHull(inputGeometry) -> Geometry

Since version 1.19

Function bundle: Geometry

Calculates the convex hull of a geometry. A convex hull is the smallest convex polygon that encloses a geometry. The hull is typically a polygon but can also be a polyline or a point in degenerate cases.

Be aware that using $feature as input to this function will yield results only as precise as the view's scale resolution. Therefore values returned from expressions using this function may change after zooming between scales. Read more here.

Parameter

• inputGeometry: Geometry | Feature - The point, line, or polygon geometry to be analyzed.

Return value: Geometry

Examples

Returns the number of vertices in the convex hull geometry of the current feature's geometry

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Count(ConvexHull(Geometry($feature)).Rings[0])

Returns the convex hull of a geometry which has a concave region (which the convex hull will ignore)

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var pacman_like_shape = Polygon({
       "rings": [[[1, 2], [2, 0], [1, -2], [-1, -2], [-2, -1], [-1, -1.5], [0, -1.5], [-2, 1], [-1, 2]]],
       "spatialReference": { "wkid": 3857 }
});
return ConvexHull(pacman_like_shape).rings[0];
// Returns the geometry [[1,2],[2,0],[1,-2],[-1,-2],[-2,-1],[-2,1],[-1,2],[1,2]]

Crosses

Crosses(geometry1, geometry2) -> Boolean

Since version 1.3

Function bundle: Geometry

Indicates if one geometry crosses another geometry. In the graphic below, the red highlight indicates the scenarios where the function will return true.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• geometry1: Geometry | Feature - The geometry to cross.
• geometry2: Geometry | Feature - The geometry being crossed.

Return value: Boolean

Example

Returns true if the feature crosses the given polygon

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var geom2 = Polygon({ ... });
Crosses($feature, geom2);

Cut

Cut(polylineOrPolygon, cutter) -> Array<Geometry>

Since version 1.3

Function bundle: Geometry

Splits the input Polyline or Polygon where it crosses a cutting Polyline. For Polylines, all resulting left cuts are grouped together in the first Geometry. Right cuts and coincident cuts are grouped in the second Geometry. Each undefined cut, along with any uncut parts, are output as separate Polylines.

For Polygons, all resulting left cuts are grouped in the first Polygon, all right cuts are grouped in the second Polygon, and each undefined cut, along with any left-over parts after cutting, are output as a separate Polygon. If no cuts are returned then the array will be empty. An undefined cut will only be produced if a left cut or right cut was produced and there was a part left over after cutting, or a cut is bounded to the left and right of the cutter.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• polylineOrPolygon: Polyline | Polygon | Feature - The geometry to cut.
• cutter: Polyline | Feature - The Polyline used to cut the geometry.

Return value: Array<Geometry>

Example

Cuts the feature's geometry with the given polyline

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var cutter = Polyline({ ... });
Cut($feature, cutter));

Densify

Densify(inputGeometry, maxSegmentLength, unit?) -> Geometry

Since version 1.11

Function bundle: Geometry

Densifies geometries by inserting vertices to create segments no longer than the specified interval.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• inputGeometry: Geometry | Feature - The input geometry to be densified.
• maxSegmentLength: Number - The maximum segment length allowed. Must be a positive value.
• unit (Optional): Text | Number - Measurement unit for maxSegmentLength. Defaults to the units of the input geometry. For visualization, labeling, and popups, the default unit is the map's spatial reference. In other profiles, like field calculation, the default is based on the spatial reference of the data.
  Possible values: feet | kilometers | miles | nautical-miles | meters | yards

Return value: Geometry

Example

Returns the densified geometry with a maximum segment length of 10 m

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var maxLength = 10;
Densify($feature, maxLength, 'meters');

DensifyGeodetic

DensifyGeodetic(inputGeometry, maxSegmentLength, unit?) -> Geometry

Since version 1.11

Function bundle: Geometry

Geodesically densifies geometries by inserting vertices to create segments no longer than the specified interval.

Be aware that using $feature as input to this function will yield results only as precise as the view's scale resolution. Therefore values returned from expressions using this function may change after zooming between scales. Read more here.

Parameters

• inputGeometry: Geometry | Feature - The input geometry to be densified.
• maxSegmentLength: Number - The maximum segment length allowed. Must be a positive value.
• unit (Optional): Text | Number - Measurement unit for maxSegmentLength. Defaults to the units of the input geometry. For visualization, labeling, and popups, the default unit is the map's spatial reference. In other profiles, like field calculation, the default is based on the spatial reference of the data.
  Possible values: feet | kilometers | miles | nautical-miles | meters | yards

Return value: Geometry

Example

Returns the densified geometry with a maximum segment length of 10000

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DensifyGeodetic($feature, 10000, 'meters');

Difference

Difference(inputGeometry, subtractor) -> Geometry

Since version 1.3

Function bundle: Geometry

Performs the topological difference operation for the two geometries. The resultant geometry comes from inputGeometry, not the subtractor. The dimension of subtractor has to be equal to or greater than that of inputGeometry.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• inputGeometry: Geometry | Feature - The input geometry from which to subtract.
• subtractor: Geometry | Feature - The geometry to subtract from geometry.

Return value: Geometry

Example

Subtracts the given polygon area from the feature.

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var subtractor = Polygon({ ... });
Difference($feature, subtractor);

Disjoint

Disjoint(geometry1, geometry2) -> Boolean

Since version 1.3

Function bundle: Geometry

Indicates if one geometry is disjoint (doesn't intersect in any way) with another geometry. In the table below, the red highlight indicates that the function would return true with the specified geometries.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• geometry1: Geometry | Feature - The base geometry that is tested for the 'disjoint' relationship to geometry2.
• geometry2: Geometry | Feature - The comparison geometry that is tested for the 'disjoint' relationship to geometry1.

Return value: Boolean

Example

Returns true if the geometries don't intersect

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var geom2 = Polygon({ ... });
Disjoint($feature, geom2);

Distance

Distance(geometry1, geometry2, unit?) -> Number

Since version 1.7

Function bundle: Geometry

Returns the planar distance between two geometries in the given units. This is a planar measurement using Cartesian mathematics.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• geometry1: Geometry | Feature | Array<Point> - The geometry used to measure the distance from geometry2.
• geometry2: Geometry | Feature | Array<Point> - The geometry used to measure the distance from geometry1.
• unit (Optional): Text | Number - Measurement unit of the return value. For visualization, labeling, and popups, the default unit is the map's spatial reference. In other profiles, like field calculation, the default is based on the spatial reference of the data.
  Possible values: feet | kilometers | miles | nautical-miles | meters | yards

Return value: Number

Example

Returns the distance between two geometries in meters

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var geom2 = Point({ ... });
Distance($feature, geom2, 'meters')

DistanceGeodetic

DistanceGeodetic(point1, point2, units?) -> Number

Since version 1.8

Function bundle: Geometry

Calculates the shortest distance between two points along a great circle. Applies only to points with a Geographic Coordinate System (GCS) or the Web Mercator spatial reference. If the input points have a Projected Coordinate System (other than Web Mercator), you should use the distance method.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• point1: Point | Feature - The point used to measure the distance from point2. This point must have a GCS or Web Mercator spatial reference.
• point2: Point | Feature - The point used to measure the distance from point1. This point must have a GCS or Web Mercator spatial reference.
• units (Optional): Text | Number - Measurement unit of the return value. For visualization, labeling, and popups, the default unit is the map's spatial reference. In other profiles, like field calculation, the default is based on the spatial reference of the data.
  Possible values: feet | kilometers | miles | nautical-miles | meters | yards

Return value: Number

Example

Returns the distance from a bus in a stream layer to the central station in kilometers

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var unionStation = Point({"x": -118.15, "y": 33.80, "spatialReference": { "wkid": 3857 }});
distanceGeodetic($feature, unionStation, 'kilometers');

EnvelopeIntersects

EnvelopeIntersects(geometry1, geometry2) -> Boolean

Since version 1.11

Function bundle: Geometry

Indicates if the envelope (or extent) of one geometry intersects the envelope of another geometry. In the graphic below, the red highlight indicates the scenarios where the function will return true.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• geometry1: Geometry | Feature - The geometry that is tested for the intersects relationship to the other geometry.
• geometry2: Geometry | Feature - The geometry being intersected.

Return value: Boolean

Example

Returns true if the geometries intersect

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var geom2 = Polygon({ ... });
EnvelopeIntersects($feature, geom2);

Equals

Equals(geometry1, geometry2) -> Boolean

Since version 1.3

Function bundle: Geometry

Indicates if two geometries are equal, or geographically equivalent given the spatial reference and tolerance of the data. The two input geometries don't have to be clones to be considered equal.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• geometry1: Geometry | Feature - The first input geometry.
• geometry2: Geometry | Feature - The second input geometry.

Return value: Boolean

Example

Returns true if the geometries are equal

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var geom2 = Point({ ... });
Equals($feature, geom2);

Extent

Extent(inputGeometry) -> Extent

Function bundle: Geometry

Constructs an Extent object from serialized JSON text or a dictionary. The JSON schema must follow the ArcGIS REST API format for Envelope geometries. This function may also return the extent of an input Polygon, Point, Polyline or Multipoint.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameter

• inputGeometry: Dictionary | Geometry | Feature - The JSON or Geometry from which to construct the extent geometry object.

Return value: Extent

Examples

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// Creates an Extent object
var extentJSON = {
  "xmin": -109.55, "ymin": 25.76, "xmax": -86.39, "ymax": 49.94,
  "spatialReference": { "wkid": 3857 }
};
Extent(extentJSON);

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// Returns the Extent of the given feature
Extent($feature)

Generalize

Generalize(inputGeometry, maxDeviation, removeDegenerateParts?, maxDeviationUnit?) -> Geometry

Since version 1.11

Function bundle: Geometry

Reduces the number of vertices in the input geometry based on a given deviation value. Point and Multipoint geometries are left unchanged. Envelopes are converted to Polygons and then generalized.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• inputGeometry: Geometry | Feature - The input geometry to be generalized.
• maxDeviation: Number - The maximum allowed deviation from the generalized geometry to the original geometry.
• removeDegenerateParts (Optional): Boolean - When true the degenerate parts of the geometry will be removed from the output (may be undesired for drawing).
• maxDeviationUnit (Optional): Text | Number - Measurement unit for maxDeviation. Defaults to the units of the input geometry.
  Possible values: feet | kilometers | miles | nautical-miles | meters | yards

Return value: Geometry

Example

Returns a generalized version of the input geometry

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// Removes vertices so segments are no more than 100 meters from the original geometry
Generalize($feature, 100, true, 'meters')

Geometry

Geometry(inputFeature) -> Geometry

Function bundle: Geometry

Constructs a Geometry object from serialized JSON text or a dictionary. The JSON schema must follow the ArcGIS REST API format for geometries. This function may also return the Geometry of an input feature.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameter

• inputFeature: Feature | Dictionary - The Feature or JSON from which to construct the geometry object.

Return value: Geometry

Examples

Returns the geometry of the feature

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Geometry($feature)

Constructs a point geometry. This can be done with any geometry type.

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var pointJSON = {"x": -118.15, "y": 33.80, "spatialReference": { "wkid": 4326 } };
Geometry(pointJSON);

Intersection

Intersection(geometry1, geometry2) -> Geometry

Since version 1.3

Function bundle: Geometry

Constructs the set-theoretic intersection between two geometries and returns a new geometry.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• geometry1: Geometry | Feature - The geometry to intersect with geometry2.
• geometry2: Geometry | Feature - The geometry to intersect with geometry1.

Return value: Geometry

Example

Returns the area common to both polygons

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var geom2 = Polygon({ ... });
Area(Intersection($feature, geom2), 'square-miles');

Intersects

Intersects(geometry1, geometry2) -> Boolean

Since version 1.3

Function bundle: Geometry

Indicates if one geometry intersects another geometry. In the graphic below, the red highlight indicates the scenarios where the function will return true.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• geometry1: Geometry | Feature - The geometry that is tested for the intersects relationship to geometry2.
• geometry2: Geometry | Feature - The geometry being intersected.

Return value: Boolean

Example

Returns true if the geometries intersect

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var geom2 = Polygon({ ... });
Intersects($feature, geom2);

IsSelfIntersecting

IsSelfIntersecting(inputGeometry) -> Boolean

Since version 1.8

Function bundle: Geometry

Indicates whether the input geometry has rings, paths, or points that intersect or cross other parts of the geometry. For example, a single polyline feature whose paths intersect each other or a polygon with rings that self intersect would return true.

Parameter

• inputGeometry: Geometry | Feature - The polygon, polyline, or multipoint geometry to test for the self intersection.

Return value: Boolean

Example

Returns true if the polyline's paths intersect each other

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var polyline = Polyline({ ... });
IsSelfIntersecting(polyline);

IsSimple

IsSimple(inputGeometry) -> Boolean

Since version 1.11

Function bundle: Geometry

Indicates if the given geometry is topologically simple.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameter

• inputGeometry: Geometry | Feature - The input geometry.

Return value: Boolean

Example

Returns true if the geometry is topologically simple

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IsSimple($feature);

Length

Length(inputGeometry, unit?) -> Number

Since version 1.7

Function bundle: Geometry

Returns the length of the input geometry or Feature in the given units. This is a planar measurement using Cartesian mathematics.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• inputGeometry: Geometry | Feature | Array<Point> - The geometry or geometries for which to calculate the planar length.
• unit (Optional): Text | Number - Measurement unit of the return value. For visualization, labeling, and popups, the default unit is the map's spatial reference. In other profiles, like field calculation, the default is based on the spatial reference of the data.
  Possible values: feet | kilometers | miles | nautical-miles | meters | yards

Return value: Number

Example

Returns the planar length of the feature in kilometers

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Length($feature, 'kilometers')

Length3D

Length3D(inputGeometry, unit?) -> Number

Since version 1.14

Function bundle: Geometry

Profiles: Attribute Rules | Popups | Field Calculation | Form Calculation | Tasks

Returns the planar (i.e. Cartesian) length of the input geometry or Feature taking height or Z information into account. The geometry provided to this function must be assigned a projected coordinate system. If the spatial reference does not provide a value for Z units, then the result will be returned in meters. Keep in mind that not all clients (such as the 3.x series of the ArcGIS API for JavaScript) support requesting Z values even when the data contains Z information.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• inputGeometry: Geometry | Feature | Array<Point> - The geometry or Feature for which to calculate the planar length in 3D space.
• unit (Optional): Text | Number - Measurement unit of the return value. For visualization, labeling, and popups, the default unit is the map's spatial reference. In other profiles, like field calculation, the default is based on the spatial reference of the data.
  Possible values: feet | kilometers | miles | nautical-miles | meters | yards

Return value: Number

Examples

Returns the 3D planar length of the feature in the unit of the spatial reference of the context executing the expression.

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Length3D($feature)

Returns the 3D planar length of the feature in feet.

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Length3D($feature, 'feet')

LengthGeodetic

LengthGeodetic(inputGeometry, unit?) -> Number

Since version 1.7

Function bundle: Geometry

Returns the geodetic length of the input geometry or Feature in the given units. This is more reliable measurement of length than Length() because it takes into account the Earth's curvature. Support is limited to geometries with a Web Mercator (wkid 3857) or a WGS 84 (wkid 4326) spatial reference.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• inputGeometry: Geometry | Feature | Array<Point> - The geometry for which to calculate the geodetic length.
• unit (Optional): Text | Number - Measurement unit of the return value. For visualization, labeling, and popups, the default unit is the map's spatial reference. In other profiles, like field calculation, the default is based on the spatial reference of the data.
  Possible values: feet | kilometers | miles | nautical-miles | meters | yards

Return value: Number

Example

Returns the geodetic length of the feature in kilometers

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LengthGeodetic($feature, 'kilometers')

MultiPartToSinglePart

MultiPartToSinglePart(inputGeometry) -> Array<Geometry>

Since version 1.3

Function bundle: Geometry

Converts a multi-part geometry into separate geometries.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameter

• inputGeometry: Geometry | Feature - The multi-part geometry to break into single parts.

Return value: Array<Geometry>

Example

Returns an array of single-part geometries from a multi-part geometry

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var allParts = MultiPartToSinglePart($feature)

Multipoint

Multipoint(definition) -> Multipoint

Function bundle: Geometry

Constructs a Multipoint object from serialized JSON text or a dictionary. The JSON schema must follow the ArcGIS REST API format for multipoint geometries

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameter

• definition: Dictionary - The JSON from which to construct the multipoint geometry object.

Return value: Multipoint

Example

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// Creates a Multipoint object
var multipointJSON = {
  "points": [[-97.06138,32.837],[-97.06133,32.836],[-97.06124,32.834],[-97.06127,32.832]],
  "spatialReference" : { "wkid": 3857 }
};
Multipoint(multipointJSON);

Offset

Offset(inputGeometry, offsetDistance, offsetUnit?, joinType?, bevelRatio?, flattenError?) -> Geometry

Since version 1.11

Function bundle: Geometry

Creates a geometry that is a constant planar distance from an input geometry. It is similar to buffering, but produces a one-sided result.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• inputGeometry: Geometry | Feature - The geometry to offset. Point geometries are not supported.
• offsetDistance: Number - The planar distance to offset from the input geometry. If offsetDistance > 0, then the offset geometry is constructed to the right of the input geometry, if offsetDistance = 0, then there is no change in the geometries, otherwise it is constructed to the left. The direction of the paths or rings of the input geometry determines which side of the geometry is considered right, and which side is considered left. For a simple polygon, the orientation of outer rings is clockwise and for inner rings it is counter clockwise. So the right side of a simple polygon is always its inside.
• offsetUnit (Optional): Text | Number - Measurement unit for offsetDistance. Defaults to the units of the input geometry.
  Possible values: feet | kilometers | miles | nautical-miles | meters | yards
• joinType (Optional): Text - The join type. Possible values are round, bevel, miter, or square.
• bevelRatio (Optional): Number - Applicable when joinType = 'miter'; bevelRatio is multiplied by the offset distance and the result determines how far a mitered offset intersection can be located before it is beveled.
• flattenError (Optional): Number - Applicable when joinType = 'round'; flattenError determines the maximum distance of the resulting segments compared to the true circular arc. The algorithm never produces more than around 180 vertices for each round join.

Return value: Geometry

Example

Returns the offset geometry

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Offset($feature, 10, 'meters', 'square');

Overlaps

Overlaps(geometry1, geometry2) -> Boolean

Since version 1.3

Function bundle: Geometry

Indicates if one geometry overlaps another geometry. In the graphic below, the red highlight indicates the scenarios where the function will return true.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• geometry1: Geometry | Feature - The base geometry that is tested for the 'overlaps' relationship with geometry2.
• geometry2: Geometry | Feature - The comparison geometry that is tested for the 'overlaps' relationship with geometry1.

Return value: Boolean

Example

Returns true if the geometries overlap

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var geom2 = Polygon({ ... });
Overlaps($feature, geom2);

Point

Point(definition) -> Point

Function bundle: Geometry

Constructs a Point object from serialized JSON text or a dictionary. The JSON schema must follow the ArcGIS REST API format for Point geometries.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameter

• definition: Dictionary - The JSON from which to construct the point geometry object.

Return value: Point

Example

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// Creates a Point object
var pointJSON = { "x": -118.15, "y": 33.80, "spatialReference": { "wkid": 4326 }};
Point(pointJSON)

Polygon

Polygon(definition) -> Polygon

Function bundle: Geometry

Constructs a Polygon object from serialized JSON text or a dictionary. The JSON schema must follow the ArcGIS REST API format for Polygon geometries.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameter

• definition: Dictionary - The JSON from which to construct the polygon geometry object.

Return value: Polygon

Example

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// Creates a Polygon object
var polygonJSON = {
  "rings": [
    [[-97.06138,32.837],[-97.06133,32.836],[-97.06124,32.834],[-97.06127,32.832], [-97.06138,32.837]],
    [[-97.06326,32.759],[-97.06298,32.755],[-97.06153,32.749], [-97.06326,32.759]]
  ],
  "spatialReference": { "wkid": 3857 }
};
Polygon(polygonJSON);

Polyline

Polyline(definition) -> Polyline

Function bundle: Geometry

Constructs a Polyline object from serialized JSON text or a dictionary. The JSON schema must follow the ArcGIS REST API format for Polyline geometries.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameter

• definition: Dictionary - The JSON from which to construct the polyline geometry object.

Return value: Polyline

Example

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// Creates a Polyline object
var polylineJSON = {
  "paths": [
    [[-97.06138,32.837],[-97.06133,32.836],[-97.06124,32.834],[-97.06127,32.832]],
    [[-97.06326,32.759],[-97.06298,32.755]]
  ],
  "spatialReference": { "wkid": 3857 }
};
Polyline(polylineJSON);

Relate

Relate(geometry1, geometry2, relation) -> Boolean

Since version 1.11

Function bundle: Geometry

Indicates if the given DE-9IM relation is true for the two geometries.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• geometry1: Geometry | Feature - The first geometry for the relation.
• geometry2: Geometry | Feature - The second geometry for the relation.
• relation: Text - The Dimensionally Extended 9 Intersection Model (DE-9IM) matrix relation (encoded as a text value) to test against the relationship of the two geometries. This text contains the test result of each intersection represented in the DE-9IM matrix. Each result is one character of the text and may be represented as either a number (maximum dimension returned: 0,1,2), a Boolean value (T or F), or a mask character (for ignoring results: '*').

Example: Each of the following DE-9IM text codes are valid for testing whether a polygon geometry completely contains a line geometry: TTTFFTFFT (Boolean), 'T******FF*' (ignore irrelevant intersections), or '102FF*FF*' (dimension form). Each returns the same result.

Return value: Boolean

Example

Returns true if the relation of the input geometries matches

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Relate($feature, geometry2, 'TTTFFTFFT')

RingIsClockwise

RingIsClockwise(points) -> Boolean

Since version 1.7

Function bundle: Geometry

Indicates whether the points in a polygon ring are ordered in a clockwise direction.

Parameter

• points: Array<Point> - An array of points in a polygon ring.

Return value: Boolean

Example

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// $feature is a polygon feature
var polygonRings = Geometry($feature).rings;
IIf(RingIsClockwise(polygonRings[0]), 'correct polygon', 'incorrect direction')

Rotate

Rotate(inputGeometry, angle, rotationOrigin?) -> Geometry

Since version 1.11

Function bundle: Geometry

Rotates a geometry counterclockwise by the specified number of degrees. Rotation is around the centroid, or a given rotation point.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• inputGeometry: Geometry | Feature - The geometry to rotate.
• angle: Number - The rotation angle in degrees.
• rotationOrigin (Optional): Point - Point to rotate the geometry around. Defaults to the centroid of the geometry.

Return value: Geometry

Example

Returns the input feature rotated about the centroid by 90 degrees

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Rotate($feature, 90)

SetGeometry

SetGeometry(inputFeature, inputGeometry) -> Null

Since version 1.3

Function bundle: Geometry

Sets or replaces a geometry on a user-defined Feature. Note that features referenced as global variables are immutable; their geometries cannot be changed.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• inputFeature: Feature - A feature whose geometry will be updated.
• inputGeometry: Geometry - The geometry to set on the input feature.

Return value: Null

Example

Sets a new geometry on the feature

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var pointFeature = Feature(Point( ... ), 'name', 'buffer centroid');
var mileBuffer = BufferGeodetic(Geometry(pointFeature), 1, 'mile');
SetGeometry(pointFeature, mileBuffer);

Simplify

Simplify(inputGeometry) -> Geometry

Since version 1.11

Function bundle: Geometry

Performs the simplify operation on the geometry. This alters the given geometry to make it topologically legal.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameter

• inputGeometry: Geometry | Feature - The geometry to be simplified.

Return value: Geometry

Example

Returns the simplified geometry of the feature

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Simplify($feature);

SymmetricDifference

SymmetricDifference(leftGeometry, rightGeometry) -> Geometry

Since version 1.3

Function bundle: Geometry

Performs the Symmetric difference operation on the two geometries. The symmetric difference includes the parts of both geometries that are not common with each other.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• leftGeometry: Geometry | Feature - The geometry instance to compare to rightGeometry in the XOR operation.
• rightGeometry: Geometry | Feature - The geometry instance to compare to leftGeometry in the XOR operation.

Return value: Geometry

Example

Returns a polygon representing areas where both inputs do not overlap

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var geom2 = Polygon({ ... });
SymmetricDifference($feature, geom2);

Touches

Touches(geometry1, geometry2) -> Boolean

Since version 1.3

Function bundle: Geometry

Indicates if one geometry touches another geometry. In the graphic below, the red highlight indicates the scenarios where the function will return true.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• geometry1: Geometry | Feature - The geometry to test the 'touches' relationship with geometry2.
• geometry2: Geometry | Feature - The geometry to test the 'touches' relationship with geometry1.

Return value: Boolean

Example

Returns true if the geometries touch

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var geom2 = Polygon({ ... });
Touches($feature, geom2);

Union

This function has 2 signatures:

• Union(geometries) -> Geometry
• Union(geometry1, [geometry2, ..., geometryN]?) -> Geometry

Union(geometries) -> Geometry

Since version 1.3

Function bundle: Geometry

Constructs the set-theoretic union of the geometries or features in an input array and returns a single Geometry. All inputs must have the same geometry type and share the same spatial reference.

Be aware that using $feature as input to this function will yield results only as precise as the view's scale resolution. Therefore values returned from expressions using this function may change after zooming between scales. Read more here.

Parameter

• geometries: Array<Geometry> | Array<Feature> - An array of geometries or an array of features to union into a single geometry. This can be any number of geometries.

Return value: Geometry

Example

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var geom2 = Polygon({ ... });
Union([ $feature, geom2 ]);

Union(geometry1, [geometry2, ..., geometryN]?) -> Geometry

Since version 1.3

Function bundle: Geometry

Constructs the set-theoretic union of a list of geometries and returns a single Geometry. All inputs must have the same geometry type and share the same spatial reference.

Be aware that using $feature as input to this function will yield results only as precise as the view's scale resolution. Therefore values returned from expressions using this function may change after zooming between scales. Read more here.

Parameters

• geometry1: Geometry | Feature - A geometry to union into a single geometry with the other geometries.
• [geometry2, ..., geometryN] (Optional): Geometry | Feature - An ongoing list of geometries or features to union into a single geometry. This can be any number of geometries.

Return value: Geometry

Example

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var geom2 = Polygon({ ... });
var geom3 = Polygon({ ... });
var geom4 = Polygon({ ... });
Union(Geometry($feature), geom2, geom3, geom4);

Within

Within(innerGeometry, outerGeometry) -> Boolean

Since version 1.7

Function bundle: Geometry

Indicates if one geometry is within another geometry. In the graphic below, the red highlight indicates the scenarios where the function will return true.

Feature geometries in the visualization and labeling profiles are generalized according to the view's scale resolution to improve drawing performance. Therefore, using a feature's geometry (i.e. $feature) as input to any geometry function in these contexts will return different results at each scale level. Other profiles, such as popup, provide the full resolution geometry.

Parameters

• innerGeometry: Geometry | Feature - The base geometry that is tested for the 'within' relationship to outerGeometry.
• outerGeometry: Geometry | Feature - The comparison geometry that is tested for the 'contains' relationship to innerGeometry.

Return value: Boolean

Example

Returns true if the feature is within the given polygon

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var outerGeom = Polygon({ ... });
Within($feature, outerGeom);