Mathematical Functions
Functions for performing mathematical operations.
Abs
Abs( value ) -> returns: Number
Returns the absolute value of a number. If the input is null, then it returns 0.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| value | Number | A number on which to perform the operation. |
Returns: Number
Example
prints 3
Abs(-3)
Acos
Acos( value ) -> returns: Number
Returns the arccosine of the input value in radians, in the range of zero to PI. If the input value is outside the appropriate range of +/- 1, then NaN is returned.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| value | Number | A number between -1 and 1 on which to perform the operation. |
Returns: Number
Example
prints 1.266104
Acos(0.3)
Asin
Asin( value ) -> returns: Number
Returns the arcsine of the input value in radians, in the range of -PI/2 and PI/2. If the input value is outside the appropriate range of +/- 1, then NaN is returned.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| value | Number | A number between -1 and 1 on which to perform the operation. |
Returns: Number
Example
prints 0.304693
Asin(0.3)
Atan
Atan( value ) -> returns: Number
Returns the arctangent of the input value in radians, in the range of -PI/2 and PI/2.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| value | Number | A number on which to perform the operation. |
Returns: Number
Example
prints 0.785398
Atan(1)
Atan2
Atan2( y, x ) -> returns: Number
Returns the arctangent of the quotient of the input values in radians, in the range of -PI and zero or zero and PI depending on the sign of arguments.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| y | Number | A number representing the y-coordinate. |
| x | Number | A number representing the x-coordinate. |
Returns: Number
Example
prints -2.356194
Atan2(-1, -1)
Average
Average( values, fieldName? ) -> returns: Number
Returns the average of a set of numbers. In profiles that support accessing data, this function can return the average value of a given numeric field in a FeatureSet.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| values | Number[] | FeatureSet | A list or array of numbers on which to perform the operation. In profiles that support accessing data, this can be a FeatureSet. |
| fieldName | Text | optional Specifies the name of a numeric field or SQL92 expression for which the statistic will be calculated from the input FeatureSet. This parameter only applies when a FeatureSet is specified. |
Returns: Number
Example
prints 5
var array = [0,10]
Average(0,10,5,array)
calculates the difference between the feature's population and the average population of all features in the layer
$feature.population - Average($layer, 'population')
calculates the average population per square mile of all features in the layer
Average($layer, 'population / area')
Ceil
Ceil( value, numPlaces? ) -> returns: Number
Returns the input value rounded upwards to the given number of decimal places.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| value | Number | The number to round upward. |
| numPlaces | Number | optional The number of decimal places to round the value to. Default is 0. Trailing zeros will be truncated. |
Returns: Number
Example
prints 2135.1
Ceil(2135.0905, 2)
Constrain
Constrain( value, min, max ) -> returns: Number
Since version 1.2
Constrains the given input value to minimum and maximum bounds. For example, if the input value is 10, the lower bound is 50, and the upper bound is 100, then 50 is returned.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| value | Number | The value to constrain to the given min and max bounds. |
| min | Number | The lower bound by which to constrain the input value. If the given value is less than the min, then min is returned. |
| max | Number | The upper bound by which to constrain the input value. If the given value is greater than the max, then max is returned. |
Returns: Number
Example
returns 5
Constrain(5, 0, 10)
returns 0
Constrain(-3, 0, 10)
returns 10
Constrain(553, 0, 10)
Cos
Cos( value ) -> returns: Number
Returns the cosine of the input value in radians.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| value | Number | A number in radians on which to perform the operation. |
Returns: Number
Example
prints 0.540302
Cos(1)
Exp
Exp( x ) -> returns: Number
Returns the value of e to the power of x, where e is the base of the natural logarithm 2.718281828.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| x | Number | The power, or number of times to multiply e to itself. |
Returns: Number
Example
prints 7.389056
Exp(2)
Floor
Floor( value, numPlaces? ) -> returns: Number
Returns the input value rounded downward to the given number of decimal places.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| value | Number | A number to round downward. |
| numPlaces | Number | optional The number of decimal places to round the number. Default is 0. Trailing zeros will be truncated. |
Returns: Number
Example
prints 2316.25
Floor(2316.2562, 2)
Log
Log( x ) -> returns: Number
Returns the natural logarithm (base e) of x.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| x | Number | A number on which to perform the operation. |
Returns: Number
Example
prints 2.302585
Log(10)
Max
Max( values, fieldName? ) -> returns: Number
Returns the highest value from an array of numbers. In profiles that support accessing data, this function can return the highest value for a given numeric field from a FeatureSet.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| values | Number[] | FeatureSet | An array or list of numbers. In profiles that support accessing data, this can be a FeatureSet. |
| fieldName | Text | optional Specifies the name of a numeric field or SQL92 expression for which the statistic will be calculated from the input FeatureSet. This parameter only applies when a FeatureSet is specified. |
Returns: Number
Example
prints 89
Max([23,56,89])
prints 120
Max(23,5,120,43,9)
prints the max value of the population field for all features in the layer
Max($layer, 'population')
calculates the max population per square mile of all features in the layer
Max($layer, 'population / area')
Mean
Mean( values, fieldName? ) -> returns: Number
Since version 1.1
Returns the mean value of an array of numbers. In profiles that support accessing data, this function can return the mean value of a given numeric field in a FeatureSet.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| values | Number[] | FeatureSet | A list or array of numbers from which to calculate the mean. In profiles that support accessing data, this can be a FeatureSet. |
| fieldName | Text | optional Specifies the name of a numeric field or SQL92 expression for which the statistic will be calculated from the input FeatureSet. This parameter only applies when a FeatureSet is specified. |
Returns: Number
Example
Use a single array as input
returns 5
var vals = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9];
Mean(vals);
Use comma separated values with array element
returns 5
var array = [0,10];
Mean(0,10,5,array);
calculates the difference between the feature's population and the mean population of all features in the layer
$feature.population - Mean($layer, 'population')
calculates the mean population per square mile of all features in the layer
Mean($layer, 'population / area')
Min
Min( values, fieldName? ) -> returns: Number
Returns the lowest value in a given array. In profiles that support accessing data, this function can return the lowest value for a given numeric field from a FeatureSet.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| values | Number[] | FeatureSet | An array or list of numbers. In profiles that support accessing data, this can be a FeatureSet. |
| fieldName | Text | optional Specifies the name of a numeric field or SQL92 expression for which the statistic will be calculated from the input FeatureSet. This parameter only applies when a FeatureSet is specified. |
Returns: Number
Example
prints 23
Min([23,56,89])
prints 5
Min(23,5,120,43,9)
prints the min value of the population field for all features in the layer
Min($layer, 'population')
returns the minimum population per square mile of all features in the layer
Min($layer, 'population / area')
Pow
Pow( x, y ) -> returns: Number
Returns the value of x to the power of y.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| x | Number | The base value. |
| y | Number | The exponent. This indicates the number of times to multiply x by itself. |
Returns: Number
Example
prints 9
Pow(3, 2)
Random
Random( ) -> returns: Number
Returns a random number between 0 and 1.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|
Returns: Number
Example
Random()
Round
Round( value, numPlaces? ) -> returns: Number
Returns the input value, rounded to the given number of decimal places.
Note: If you're looking to format a value for display in a label or popup, use the text function.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| value | Number | A number to round. |
| numPlaces | Number | optional The number of decimal places to round the number to. Default is 0. Trailing zeros will be truncated. |
Returns: Number
Example
prints 2316.26
Round(2316.2562, 2)
Sin
Sin( value ) -> returns: Number
Returns the sine of the input value.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| value | Number | A number in radians on which to perform the operation. |
Returns: Number
Example
prints 0.841741
Sin(1)
Sqrt
Sqrt( value ) -> returns: Number
Returns the square root of a number.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| value | Number | A number on which to calculate the square root. |
Returns: Number
Example
prints 3
Sqrt(9)
Stdev
Stdev( values, fieldName? ) -> returns: Number
Returns the standard deviation (population standard deviation) of a set of numbers. In profiles that support accessing data, this function can return the standard deviation for the values from a given numeric field in a FeatureSet.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| values | Number[] | FeatureSet | An array or list of numbers on which to perform the operation. In profiles that support accessing data, this can be a FeatureSet. |
| fieldName | Text | optional Specifies the name of a numeric field or SQL92 expression for which the statistic will be calculated from the input FeatureSet. This parameter only applies when a FeatureSet is specified. |
Returns: Number
Example
prints 27.5
Stdev(23,56,89,12,45,78)
prints the standard deviation of values from the 'population' field
Stdev($layer, 'population')
calculates the standard deviation of the population per square mile of all features in the layer
Stdev($layer, 'population / area')
Sum
Sum( values, fieldName? ) -> returns: Number
Returns the sum of a set of numbers. In profiles that support accessing data, this function can return the sum of values returned from a given numeric field in a FeatureSet.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| values | Number[] | FeatureSet | An array of numbers on which to perform the operation. In profiles that support accessing data, this can be a FeatureSet. |
| fieldName | Text | optional Specifies the name of a numeric field or SQL92 expression for which the statistic will be calculated from the input FeatureSet. This parameter only applies when a FeatureSet is specified. |
Returns: Number
Example
prints 303
Sum(23,56,89,12,45,78)
calculates the population of the current feature as a % of the total population of all features in the layer
( $feature.population / Sum($layer, 'population') ) * 100
calculates the total number of votes cast in an election for the entire dataset
Sum($layer, 'democrat + republican + other')
Tan
Tan( value ) -> returns: Number
Returns the tangent of an angle in radians.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| value | Number | A number on which to calculate the tangent. |
Returns: Number
Example
prints 0.57389
Tan(0.521)
Variance
Variance( values, fieldName? ) -> returns: Number
Returns the variance (population variance) of a set of numbers. In profiles that support accessing data, this function can return the variance of the values from a given numeric field in a FeatureSet.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| values | Number[] | FeatureSet | An array of numbers on which to perform the operation. In profiles that support accessing data, this can be a FeatureSet. |
| fieldName | Text | optional Specifies the name of a numeric field or SQL92 expression for which the statistic will be calculated from the input FeatureSet. This parameter only applies when a FeatureSet is specified. |
Returns: Number
Example
prints 756.25
Variance(12,23,45,56,78,89)
prints the variance for the population field in the given layer
Variance($layer, 'population')
calculates the variance of the population per square mile of all features in the layer
Variance($layer, 'population / area')
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