Geodatabase transactions

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Use transactions to manage how changes are committed to a geodatabase.

Image of geodatabase transactions

Use case

Transactions allow you to control how changes are added to a database. This is useful to ensure that when multiple changes are made to a database, they all succeed or fail at once. For example, you could have a business rule that both parent/guardian and student must be added to a database used for calculating school bus routes. You can use transactions to avoid breaking the business rule if you lose power while between the steps of adding the student and parent/guardian.

How to use the sample

When the sample loads, a feature service is taken offline as a geodatabase. When the geodatabase is ready, you can add multiple types of features. To apply edits directly, uncheck the 'Require a transaction for edits' checkbox. When using transactions, use the buttons to start editing and stop editing. When you stop editing, you can choose to commit the changes or roll them back. At any point, you can synchronize the local geodatabase with the feature service.

How it works

  1. Take the feature service offline as a geodatabase and display the local tables from the geodatabase in feature layers.
  2. If the checkbox is checked, begin the transaction on the geodatabase.
  3. Add one or more features.
  4. When ready, either commit the transaction to the geodatabase or roll back the transaction.
  5. Use a geodatabase sync task to sync changes to the local geodatabase with the feature service.

Relevant API

  • Geodatabase
  • Geodatabase.BeginTransaction
  • Geodatabase.CommitTransaction
  • Geodatabase.IsInTransaction
  • Geodatabase.RollbackTransaction
  • GeometryEditor

About the data

The sample uses a publicly-editable, sync-enabled feature service demonstrating a schema for recording wildlife sightings.

Tags

commit, database, geodatabase, geometry editor, transact, transactions

Sample Code

GeodatabaseTransactions.xaml.csGeodatabaseTransactions.xaml.csGeodatabaseTransactions.xaml
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// Copyright 2017 Esri.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at: http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific
// Language governing permissions and limitations under the License.

using Esri.ArcGISRuntime.Data;
using Esri.ArcGISRuntime.Geometry;
using Esri.ArcGISRuntime.Mapping;
using Esri.ArcGISRuntime.Tasks;
using Esri.ArcGISRuntime.Tasks.Offline;
using Esri.ArcGISRuntime.UI.Editing;
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;

namespace ArcGIS.WPF.Samples.GeodatabaseTransactions
{
    [ArcGIS.Samples.Shared.Attributes.Sample(
        name: "Geodatabase transactions",
        category: "Data",
        description: "Use transactions to manage how changes are committed to a geodatabase.",
        instructions: "When the sample loads, a feature service is taken offline as a geodatabase. When the geodatabase is ready, you can add multiple types of features. To apply edits directly, uncheck the 'Require a transaction for edits' checkbox. When using transactions, use the buttons to start editing and stop editing. When you stop editing, you can choose to commit the changes or roll them back. At any point, you can synchronize the local geodatabase with the feature service.",
        tags: new[] { "commit", "database", "geodatabase", "geometry editor", "transact", "transactions" })]
    public partial class GeodatabaseTransactions
    {
        // URL for the editable feature service.
        private const string SyncServiceUrl = "https://sampleserver6.arcgisonline.com/arcgis/rest/services/Sync/SaveTheBaySync/FeatureServer/";

        // Work in a small extent south of Galveston, TX.
        private Envelope _extent = new Envelope(-95.3035, 29.0100, -95.1053, 29.1298, SpatialReferences.Wgs84);

        // Store the local geodatabase to edit.
        private Geodatabase _localGeodatabase;

        // Store references to the Birds and Marine points tables.
        private GeodatabaseFeatureTable _birdTable;
        private GeodatabaseFeatureTable _marineTable;

        // Store a reference to the table to be edited.
        private GeodatabaseFeatureTable _editTable;

        public GeodatabaseTransactions()
        {
            InitializeComponent();

            // When the map view loads, add a new map.
            MyMapView.Loaded += (s, e) =>
            {
                // Create a new map with the oceans basemap and add it to the map view.
                MyMapView.Map = new Map(BasemapStyle.ArcGISOceans);
            };

            // When the spatial reference changes (the map loads) add the local geodatabase tables as feature layers.
            MyMapView.SpatialReferenceChanged += async (s, e) =>
            {
                // Call a function (and await it) to get the local geodatabase (or generate it from the feature service).
                await GetLocalGeodatabase();

                // Once the local geodatabase is available, load the tables as layers to the map.
                _ = LoadLocalGeodatabaseTables();
            };
        }

        private async Task GetLocalGeodatabase()
        {
            // Get the path to the local geodatabase for this platform (temp directory, for example).
            string localGeodatabasePath = GetGdbPath();

            try
            {
                // See if the geodatabase file is already present.
                if (System.IO.File.Exists(localGeodatabasePath))
                {
                    // If the geodatabase is already available, open it, hide the progress control, and update the message.
                    _localGeodatabase = await Geodatabase.OpenAsync(localGeodatabasePath);
                    LoadingProgressBar.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
                    MessageTextBlock.Text = "Using local geodatabase from '" + _localGeodatabase.Path + "'";
                }
                else
                {
                    // Create a new GeodatabaseSyncTask with the uri of the feature server to pull from.
                    Uri uri = new Uri(SyncServiceUrl);
                    GeodatabaseSyncTask gdbTask = await GeodatabaseSyncTask.CreateAsync(uri);

                    // Create parameters for the task: layers and extent to include, out spatial reference, and sync model.
                    GenerateGeodatabaseParameters gdbParams = await gdbTask.CreateDefaultGenerateGeodatabaseParametersAsync(_extent);
                    gdbParams.OutSpatialReference = MyMapView.SpatialReference;
                    gdbParams.SyncModel = SyncModel.Layer;
                    gdbParams.LayerOptions.Clear();
                    gdbParams.LayerOptions.Add(new GenerateLayerOption(0));
                    gdbParams.LayerOptions.Add(new GenerateLayerOption(1));

                    // Create a geodatabase job that generates the geodatabase.
                    GenerateGeodatabaseJob generateGdbJob = gdbTask.GenerateGeodatabase(gdbParams, localGeodatabasePath);

                    // Handle the job changed event and check the status of the job; store the geodatabase when it's ready.
                    generateGdbJob.StatusChanged += (s, e) =>
                    {
                        // See if the job succeeded.
                        if (generateGdbJob.Status == JobStatus.Succeeded)
                        {
                            Dispatcher.Invoke(() =>
                            {
                                // Hide the progress control and update the message.
                                LoadingProgressBar.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
                                MessageTextBlock.Text = "Created local geodatabase";
                            });
                        }
                        else if (generateGdbJob.Status == JobStatus.Failed)
                        {
                            Dispatcher.Invoke(() =>
                            {
                                // Hide the progress control and report the exception.
                                LoadingProgressBar.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
                                MessageTextBlock.Text = "Unable to create local geodatabase: " + generateGdbJob.Error.Message;
                            });
                        }
                    };

                    // Start the generate geodatabase job.
                    _localGeodatabase = await generateGdbJob.GetResultAsync();
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                // Show a message for the exception encountered.
                Dispatcher.Invoke(() => MessageBox.Show("Unable to create offline database: " + ex.Message));
            }
        }

        // Function that loads the two point tables from the local geodatabase and displays them as feature layers.
        private async Task LoadLocalGeodatabaseTables()
        {
            // Read the geodatabase tables and add them as layers
            foreach (GeodatabaseFeatureTable table in _localGeodatabase.GeodatabaseFeatureTables)
            {
                try
                {
                    // Load the table so the TableName can be read.
                    await table.LoadAsync();

                    // Store a reference to the Birds table.
                    if (table.TableName.ToLower().Contains("birds"))
                    {
                        _birdTable = table;
                    }

                    // Store a reference to the Marine table.
                    if (table.TableName.ToLower().Contains("marine"))
                    {
                        _marineTable = table;
                    }

                    // Create a new feature layer to show the table in the map.
                    FeatureLayer layer = new FeatureLayer(table);
                    Dispatcher.Invoke(() => MyMapView.Map?.OperationalLayers.Add(layer));
                }
                catch (Exception e)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show(e.ToString(), "Error");
                }
            }

            // Handle the transaction status changed event.
            _localGeodatabase.TransactionStatusChanged += GdbTransactionStatusChanged;

            // Zoom the map view to the extent of the generated local datasets.
            Dispatcher.Invoke(() =>
            {
                MyMapView.SetViewpoint(new Viewpoint(_marineTable.Extent));
                StartEditingButton.IsEnabled = true;
            });
        }

        private void GdbTransactionStatusChanged(object sender, TransactionStatusChangedEventArgs e)
        {
            // Update UI controls based on whether the geodatabase has a current transaction.
            Dispatcher.Invoke(() =>
            {
                // These buttons should be enabled when there IS a transaction.
                AddBirdButton.IsEnabled = e.IsInTransaction;
                AddMarineButton.IsEnabled = e.IsInTransaction;
                StopEditingButton.IsEnabled = e.IsInTransaction;

                // These buttons should be enabled when there is NOT a transaction.
                StartEditingButton.IsEnabled = !e.IsInTransaction;
                SyncEditsButton.IsEnabled = !e.IsInTransaction;
            });
        }

        private string GetGdbPath()
        {
            // Return the WPF-specific path for storing the geodatabase.
            return Environment.ExpandEnvironmentVariables("%TEMP%\\savethebay.geodatabase");
        }

        private void BeginTransaction(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // See if there is a transaction active for the geodatabase.
            if (!_localGeodatabase.IsInTransaction)
            {
                // If not, begin a transaction.
                _localGeodatabase.BeginTransaction();
                MessageTextBlock.Text = "Transaction started";
            }
        }

        private void AddNewFeature(object sender, RoutedEventArgs args)
        {
            // See if it was the "Birds" or "Marine" button that was clicked.
            Button addFeatureButton = (Button)sender;

            try
            {
                // Store the correct table to edit (for the button clicked).
                if (addFeatureButton == AddBirdButton)
                {
                    _editTable = _birdTable;
                }
                else
                {
                    _editTable = _marineTable;
                }

                // Inform the user which table is being edited.
                MessageTextBlock.Text = "Click the map to add a new feature to the geodatabase table '" + _editTable.TableName + "'";

                // Use the geometry editor to allow the user to draw a point on the map.
                MyMapView.GeometryEditor.Start(GeometryType.Point);

                MyMapView.GeometryEditor.PropertyChanged += GeometryEditor_PropertyChanged;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                // Report other exception messages.
                MessageTextBlock.Text = ex.Message;
            }
        }

        private async void GeometryEditor_PropertyChanged(object sender, System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventArgs e)
        {
            // Check if the user finished drawing a point on the map.
            if (e.PropertyName == nameof(GeometryEditor.Geometry))
            {
                // Disconnect event handler to prevent multiple calls.
                MyMapView.GeometryEditor.PropertyChanged -= GeometryEditor_PropertyChanged;

                // Get the active geometry.
                Geometry geometry = MyMapView.GeometryEditor.Geometry;

                // Create a new feature (row) in the selected table.
                Feature newFeature = _editTable.CreateFeature();

                // Create a random value for the 'type' attribute (integer between 1 and 7).
                Random random = new Random(DateTime.Now.Millisecond);
                int featureType = random.Next(1, 7);

                // Set the geometry with the point the user clicked and the 'type' with the random integer.
                newFeature.Geometry = geometry;
                newFeature.SetAttributeValue("type", featureType);

                // Add the new feature to the table.
                await _editTable.AddFeatureAsync(newFeature);

                // Set the newly created feature message.
                MessageTextBlock.Text = "New feature added to the '" + _editTable.TableName + "' table";

                // Stop the geometry editor, clearing the active geometry.
                MyMapView.GeometryEditor.Stop();
            }
        }

        private void StopEditTransaction(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // Ask the user if they want to commit or rollback the transaction (or cancel to keep working in the transaction).
            MessageBoxResult commitAnswer = MessageBox.Show("Commit your edits? ('No' to discard)", "Stop Editing", MessageBoxButton.YesNoCancel);

            if (commitAnswer == MessageBoxResult.Yes)
            {
                // See if there is a transaction active for the geodatabase.
                if (_localGeodatabase.IsInTransaction)
                {
                    // If there is, commit the transaction to store the edits (this will also end the transaction).
                    _localGeodatabase.CommitTransaction();
                    MessageTextBlock.Text = "Edits were committed to the local geodatabase.";
                }
            }
            else if (commitAnswer == MessageBoxResult.No)
            {
                // See if there is a transaction active for the geodatabase.
                if (_localGeodatabase.IsInTransaction)
                {
                    // If there is, rollback the transaction to discard the edits (this will also end the transaction).
                    _localGeodatabase.RollbackTransaction();
                    MessageTextBlock.Text = "Edits were rolled back and not stored to the local geodatabase.";
                }
            }
            else
            {
                // For 'cancel' don't end the transaction with a commit or rollback.
            }
        }

        // Change which controls are enabled if the user chooses to require/not require transactions for edits.
        private void RequireTransactionChanged(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // If the local geodatabase isn't created yet, return.
            if (_localGeodatabase == null) { return; }

            // Get the value of the "require transactions" checkbox.
            bool mustHaveTransaction = RequireTransactionCheckBox.IsChecked == true;

            // Warn the user if disabling transactions while a transaction is active.
            if (!mustHaveTransaction && _localGeodatabase.IsInTransaction)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("Stop editing to end the current transaction.", "Current Transaction");
                RequireTransactionCheckBox.IsChecked = true;
                return;
            }

            // Enable or disable controls according to the checkbox value.
            StartEditingButton.IsEnabled = mustHaveTransaction;
            StopEditingButton.IsEnabled = mustHaveTransaction && _localGeodatabase.IsInTransaction;
            AddBirdButton.IsEnabled = !mustHaveTransaction;
            AddMarineButton.IsEnabled = !mustHaveTransaction;
        }

        // Synchronize edits in the local geodatabase with the service.
        public async void SynchronizeEdits(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // Show the progress bar while the sync is working.
            LoadingProgressBar.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;

            try
            {
                // Create a sync task with the URL of the feature service to sync.
                GeodatabaseSyncTask syncTask = await GeodatabaseSyncTask.CreateAsync(new Uri(SyncServiceUrl));

                // Create sync parameters.
                SyncGeodatabaseParameters taskParameters = await syncTask.CreateDefaultSyncGeodatabaseParametersAsync(_localGeodatabase);

                // Create a synchronize geodatabase job, pass in the parameters and the geodatabase.
                SyncGeodatabaseJob job = syncTask.SyncGeodatabase(taskParameters, _localGeodatabase);

                // Handle the JobChanged event for the job.
                job.StatusChanged += (s, arg) =>
                {
                    // Report changes in the job status.
                    if (job.Status == JobStatus.Succeeded)
                    {
                        // Report success ...
                        Dispatcher.Invoke(() => MessageTextBlock.Text = "Synchronization is complete!");
                    }
                    else if (job.Status == JobStatus.Failed)
                    {
                        // Report failure ...
                        Dispatcher.Invoke(() => MessageTextBlock.Text = job.Error.Message);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        // Report that the job is in progress ...
                        Dispatcher.Invoke(() => MessageTextBlock.Text = "Sync in progress ...");
                    }
                };

                // Await the completion of the job.
                await job.GetResultAsync();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                // Show the message if an exception occurred.
                MessageTextBlock.Text = "Error when synchronizing: " + ex.Message;
            }
            finally
            {
                // Hide the progress bar when the sync job is complete.
                LoadingProgressBar.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
            }
        }
    }
}

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