Access services with OAuth 2.0

Learn how to authenticate a user to access a secure ArcGIS service with OAuth 2.0.

In this tutorial, you will build an app that uses named user login credentials to access a secure ArcGIS service using OAuth 2.0.

You can use different types of authentication to access ArcGIS location services. To implement OAuth 2.0, you can use your ArcGIS account to register an application and get a client ID, and then configure your app to redirect users to login with their credentials when the service or content is accessed. This is known as user authentication. If the app uses premium services that consume credits, the app user's account will be charged.

You will implement OAuth 2.0 so users can sign in to ArcGIS to access the ArcGIS World Traffic service.

Prerequisites

Steps

Configure OAuth 2.0 for your app

Use the ArcGIS Developer dashboard to create an application, generate a client ID, and define a redirect URL to access secure services.

1. Sign in to your ArcGIS developer account. If you don't already have one, sign-up for free. You need to sign in so you can create an application and get a client ID for authentication.
2. Click the OAuth 2.0 tab in the ribbon at the top.
3. Click the New Application button in the upper-left of the page.
4. In the Create New Application window, provide a Name and an optional Description for your application definition. Then click Create application. When the application is created, Client ID, Client Secret, and Temporary Token values will also be generated.
5. Click the Add URI button at the bottom of the page to add a redirect URL.
6. In the Add Allowed URI window, type my-app://auth and click Add URI.

You'll use the client ID and redirect URL when implementing OAuth in your app's code.

Open a Java project with Gradle

1. To start this tutorial, complete the Display a map tutorial, or download and unzip the Display a map solution into a new folder.

2. Open the build.gradle file as a project in IntelliJ IDEA.

3. If you downloaded the solution project, set your API key.

   More info

   An API Key enables access to services, web maps, and web scenes hosted in ArcGIS Online.

   1. Go to your developer dashboard to get your API key. For these tutorials, use your default API key. It is scoped to include all of the services demonstrated in the tutorials.

   2. In IntelliJ IDEA's Project tool window, open src/main/java/com.example.app and double-click App.

   3. In the start() method, set the API key property on the ArcGISRuntimeEnvironment with your API key. Replace YOUR_API_KEY with your actual API Key. Be sure to surround your API Key with quotes, because the parameter passed to setApiKey is a string.

   App.java

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     @Override
     public void start(Stage stage) {
       // set the title and size of the stage and show it
       stage.setTitle("Display a map tutorial");
       stage.setWidth(800);
       stage.setHeight(700);
       stage.show();
   
       // create a JavaFX scene with a stack pane as the root node, and add it to the scene
       StackPane stackPane = new StackPane();
       Scene scene = new Scene(stackPane);
       stage.setScene(scene);
   
       // Note: it is not best practice to store API keys in source code.
       // The API key is referenced here for the convenience of this tutorial.
       String yourApiKey = "YOUR_API_KEY";
       ArcGISRuntimeEnvironment.setApiKey(yourApiKey);
   

Prepare files before coding the app

Modify the files from the Display a map tutorial so they can be used in this tutorial: you will add imports, change the application title, and modify the view point's scale.

1. In IntelliJ IDEA, locate the Project tool window, open src/main/java/com.example.app, and double-click App. Add the following imports, replacing those from the Display a map tutorial.

   Project tool window vs Project view

   1. In the main menu of IntelliJ IDEA, click View > Tool Windows > Project. The Project Tool window displays, with a vertical tab on the left that says Project.

   2. Inside the Project tool window, your view name should also be Project. If the view name is something else (such as Packages or Project Files), click on the leftmost control in the title bar of the Project tool window, and select Project from the drop-down list.

   
   App.java

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   package com.example.app;
   
   import com.esri.arcgisruntime.ArcGISRuntimeEnvironment;
   import javafx.application.Application;
   import javafx.scene.Scene;
   import javafx.scene.layout.StackPane;
   import javafx.stage.Stage;
   
   import com.esri.arcgisruntime.layers.ArcGISMapImageLayer;
   import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.ArcGISMap;
   import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.BasemapStyle;
   import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.Viewpoint;
   import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.view.MapView;
   import com.esri.arcgisruntime.security.AuthenticationManager;
   import com.esri.arcgisruntime.security.DefaultAuthenticationChallengeHandler;
   import com.esri.arcgisruntime.security.OAuthConfiguration;
   
   public class App extends Application {
   

2. In the start() life-cycle method, change the title that will appear on the application window to Access services with OAuth 2.0. In addition, add the try statement, which will be closed later on in the tutorial.

   App.java

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     @Override
     public void start(Stage stage) {
   
       try {
   
         // set title, size, and add scene to stage
         stage.setTitle("Access services with OAuth 2.0");
   
         stage.setWidth(800);
         stage.setHeight(700);
         stage.show();
   

3. Change the scale of the map's initial viewpoint to 72000. This scale will make the secured layer visible without zooming in.

   App.java

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         ArcGISMap map = new ArcGISMap(BasemapStyle.ARCGIS_TOPOGRAPHIC);
   
         // set the map on the map view
         mapView.setMap(map);
   
         mapView.setViewpoint(new Viewpoint(34.02700, -118.80543, 72000.0 ));
   

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Implement OAuth 2.0 authentication

This API abstracts some of the details for OAuth 2.0 authentication in your app. You can use classes such as AuthenticationManager to request, store, and manage credentials for secure resources.

Add code to set up the AuthenticationManager, which launches a small browser window titled Authentication Required. The user must enter log-in credentials before proceeding.

1. In the start() method, after the line that calls mapView.setViewpoint(), create an OAuthConfiguration.

   App.java

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         mapView.setViewpoint(new Viewpoint(34.02700, -118.80543, 72000.0 ));
   
         // set up an oauth config with url to portal, a client id and a re-direct url
         OAuthConfiguration oAuthConfiguration = new OAuthConfiguration("YOUR_ORGANIZATION_URL", "YOUR_CLIENT_ID", "YOUR_REDIRECT_URL");
   
   

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   OAuthConfiguration constructor parameters

   The OAuthConfiguration constructor takes three parameters:

   • "YOUR_ORGANIZATION_URL": the URL for the ArcGIS Online organization that is associated with the developer account you used in Configure OAuth 2.0 for your app above. The format of the URL will be something like: https://www.myfirstname-mylastname.maps.arcgis.com.

   • "YOUR_CLIENT_ID": the Client ID from your OAuth 2.0 configuration.

   • "YOUR_REDIRECT_URI": the Redirect URI from your OAuth 2.0 configuration.

2. Create a DefaultAuthenticationChallengeHandler and set it on the AuthenticationManager. Then add the oAuthConfiguration to the AuthenticationManager.

   App.java

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         mapView.setViewpoint(new Viewpoint(34.02700, -118.80543, 72000.0 ));
   
         // set up an oauth config with url to portal, a client id and a re-direct url
         OAuthConfiguration oAuthConfiguration = new OAuthConfiguration("YOUR_ORGANIZATION_URL", "YOUR_CLIENT_ID", "YOUR_REDIRECT_URL");
   
         // set up the authentication manager to handle authentication challenges
         DefaultAuthenticationChallengeHandler defaultAuthenticationChallengeHandler = new DefaultAuthenticationChallengeHandler();
         AuthenticationManager.setAuthenticationChallengeHandler(defaultAuthenticationChallengeHandler);
         // add the OAuth configuration
         AuthenticationManager.addOAuthConfiguration(oAuthConfiguration);
   

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3. Create a file named style.css to specify the visual display of the Authentication Required browser window.

   1. In the Project tool window, open src > main and right-click the main folder. In the context menu, click New > Directory and click resources under Gradle Source Sets. Hit Enter to create the folder.

   2. In the Project tool window, right-click the resources folder. In the context menu, click New > File and name the file style.css.

   3. Copy the code displayed below and paste it into the style.css file.

      style.css

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      .panel-region .label {
        -fx-text-fill: white;
      }
      
      .label {
        -fx-text-fill: black;
      }
      
      .slider .axis {
          -fx-tick-label-fill: white;
      }
      
      .range-slider .axis {
          -fx-tick-label-fill: white;
      }
      
      .panel-region .check-box {
         -fx-text-fill: white;
      }
      
      .panel-region .radio-button {
         -fx-text-fill: white;
      }
      
      .color-picker .color-picker-label {
         -fx-text-fill: black;
      }

Add a traffic layer

You will add a layer to display the ArcGIS World Traffic service, a dynamic map service that presents historical and near real-time traffic information for different regions in the world. This is a secure service and requires an ArcGIS Online organizational subscription.

1. Create an ArcGISMapImageLayer to display the traffic service. Then add the layer to the map's collection of data layers (operational layers). In addition, you'll add the catch statement that corresponds to the try statement added earlier in the tutorial.

   App.java

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         // set up an oauth config with url to portal, a client id and a re-direct url
         OAuthConfiguration oAuthConfiguration = new OAuthConfiguration("YOUR_ORGANIZATION_URL", "YOUR_CLIENT_ID", "YOUR_REDIRECT_URL");
   
         // set up the authentication manager to handle authentication challenges
         DefaultAuthenticationChallengeHandler defaultAuthenticationChallengeHandler = new DefaultAuthenticationChallengeHandler();
         AuthenticationManager.setAuthenticationChallengeHandler(defaultAuthenticationChallengeHandler);
         // add the OAuth configuration
         AuthenticationManager.addOAuthConfiguration(oAuthConfiguration);
   
         ArcGISMapImageLayer trafficLayer = new ArcGISMapImageLayer("https://traffic.arcgis.com/arcgis/rest/services/World/Traffic/MapServer");
   
         map.getOperationalLayers().add(trafficLayer);
       } catch (Exception e) {
         // on any error, display the stack trace.
         e.printStackTrace();
       }
   
     }
   

   Expand

2. Run the app. Ensure to run the app as a Gradle task and not as an application in your IDE. In the Gradle tool window, under Tasks > application, double-click run.

You should initially see the map with the topographic basemap layer centered on the Santa Monica Mountains in California. You will then be prompted for an ArcGIS Online username and password. After you authenticate successfully with ArcGIS Online, the traffic layer will appear in the map.