Show your device's real-time location while inside a building by using signals from indoor positioning beacons.
Use case
An indoor positioning system (IPS) allows you to locate yourself and others inside a building in real time. Similar to GPS, it puts a blue dot on indoor maps and can be used with other location services to help navigate to any point of interest or destination, as well as provide an easy way to identify and collect geospatial information at their location.
How to use the sample
When the device is within range of an IPS beacon, toggle "Show Location" to change the visibility of the location indicator in the map view. The system will ask for permission to use the device's location if the user has not yet used location services in this app. It will then start the location display with auto-pan mode set to navigation.
When there is no IPS beacons nearby, or other errors occur while initializing the indoors location data source, it will seamlessly fall back to the current device location as determined by GPS.
How it works
- Load an IPS-enabled map. This can be a web map hosted as a portal item in ArcGIS Online, an Enterprise Portal, or a mobile map package (.mmpk) created with ArcGIS Pro.
- Create an
IndoorsLocationDataSourcewith the positioning feature table (stored with the map) and the pathways feature table after both tables are loaded. - Handle location change events to respond to floor changes or read other metadata for locations.
- Assign the
IndoorsLocationDataSourceto the map view's location display. - Enable and disable the map view's location display using
LocationDisplay.dataSource.start()andLocationDisplay.dataSource.stop(). Device location will appear on the display as a blue dot and update as the user moves throughout the space. - Use the
LocationDisplay.setAutoPanMode()function to change how the map behaves when location updates are received.
Relevant API
- ArcGISMap
- FeatureLayer
- FeatureTable
- IndoorsLocationDataSource
- LocationDataSource
- LocationDisplay
- MapView
About the data
This sample uses an IPS-enabled web map that displays Building L on the Esri Redlands campus. Please note: you would only be able to use the indoor positioning functionalities when you are inside this building. Swap the web map to test with your own IPS setup.
Additional information
- Location and Bluetooth permissions are required for this sample.
- To learn more about IPS, read the Indoor positioning article on ArcGIS Developer website.
- To learn more about how to deploy the indoor positioning system, read the Deploy ArcGIS IPS article.
Tags
beacon, BLE, blue dot, Bluetooth, building, facility, GPS, indoor, IPS, location, map, mobile, navigation, site, transmitter
Sample Code
MainActivity.kt
/* Copyright 2023 Esri
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*
*/
package com.esri.arcgismaps.sample.showdevicelocationusingindoorpositioning
import android.Manifest
import android.content.pm.PackageManager
import android.os.Build
import android.os.Bundle
import android.util.Log
import android.view.View
import android.widget.Toast
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
import androidx.databinding.DataBindingUtil
import androidx.lifecycle.lifecycleScope
import com.arcgismaps.ArcGISEnvironment
import com.arcgismaps.Guid
import com.arcgismaps.data.ArcGISFeatureTable
import com.arcgismaps.data.FeatureTable
import com.arcgismaps.data.Field
import com.arcgismaps.data.OrderBy
import com.arcgismaps.data.QueryParameters
import com.arcgismaps.data.ServiceFeatureTable
import com.arcgismaps.data.SortOrder
import com.arcgismaps.location.IndoorsLocationDataSource
import com.arcgismaps.location.Location
import com.arcgismaps.location.LocationDataSourceStatus
import com.arcgismaps.location.LocationDisplayAutoPanMode
import com.arcgismaps.mapping.ArcGISMap
import com.arcgismaps.mapping.layers.FeatureLayer
import com.arcgismaps.portal.Portal
import com.arcgismaps.mapping.PortalItem
import com.esri.arcgismaps.sample.showdevicelocationusingindoorpositioning.databinding.ShowDeviceLocationUsingIndoorPositioningActivityMainBinding
import com.google.android.material.snackbar.Snackbar
import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
import java.text.DecimalFormat
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
// set up data binding for the activity
private val activityMainBinding: ShowDeviceLocationUsingIndoorPositioningActivityMainBinding by lazy {
DataBindingUtil.setContentView(this, R.layout.show_device_location_using_indoor_positioning_activity_main)
}
private val mapView by lazy {
activityMainBinding.mapView
}
private val progressBar by lazy {
activityMainBinding.progressBar
}
private val textView by lazy {
activityMainBinding.textView
}
// keep track of the current floor in an indoor map, null if using GPS
private var currentFloor: Int? = null
// provides an indoor or outdoor position based on device sensor data (radio, GPS, motion sensors).
private var indoorsLocationDataSource: IndoorsLocationDataSource? = null
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
lifecycle.addObserver(mapView)
// some parts of the API require an Android Context to properly interact with Android system
// features, such as LocationProvider and application resources
ArcGISEnvironment.applicationContext = applicationContext
// check for location permissions
// if permissions is allowed, the device's current location is shown
checkPermissions()
}
/**
* Check for location permissions, if not received then request for one
*/
private fun checkPermissions() {
val requestCode = 1
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED ||
ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED ||
(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.S &&
ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)) {
val requestPermissions = mutableListOf(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION)
// Android 12 required permission
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.S) {
requestPermissions.add(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN)
}
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, requestPermissions.toTypedArray(), requestCode)
} else {
// permission already given, so no need to request
setUpMap()
}
}
/**
* Set up the [mapView] to load a floor-aware web map.
*/
private fun setUpMap() {
// load the portal and create a map from the portal item
val portalItem = PortalItem(
Portal("https://www.arcgis.com/"),
"8fa941613b4b4b2b8a34ad4cdc3e4bba"
)
val map = ArcGISMap(portalItem)
mapView.map = map
lifecycleScope.launch {
map.load().onSuccess {
val featureTables = map.tables
// check if the portalItem contains featureTables
if (featureTables.isNotEmpty()) {
setUpLoadTables(featureTables)
} else {
showError("Map does not contain feature tables")
}
}.onFailure {
// if map load failed, show the error
showError("Error Loading Map: {it.message}")
}
}
}
/**
* Load each feature table and setup the IndoorsLocationDataSource for each loaded table
*/
private suspend fun setUpLoadTables(featureTables: MutableList<FeatureTable>) {
featureTables.forEach { featureTable ->
// load each FeatureTable
featureTable.load().onFailure {
showError("Error loading FeatureTable: ${it.message}")
}
}
// retrieve the loaded feature tables
featureTables.forEach{ featureTable ->
// ips_positioning table needs to be present
if (featureTable.tableName == "ips_positioning") {
return setupIndoorsLocationDataSource(featureTable)
}
}
// ips_positioning table not found
showError("Positioning Table not found in FeatureTables")
}
/**
* Sets up the [indoorsLocationDataSource] using the IPS_Positioning [featureTable]
*/
private fun setupIndoorsLocationDataSource(featureTable: FeatureTable) {
// cast the featureTable to a ServiceFeatureTable to get the globalIdField which identifies a row in the positioning table
// and used as a parameter to setup IndoorsLocationDataSource
val positioningFeatureTable = featureTable as ServiceFeatureTable
// when multiple entries are available, IndoorsLocationDataSource constructor function
// looks up the entry with the most recent date and takes this positioning data
// set up queryParameters to grab one result.
val dateCreatedFieldName = getDateCreatedFieldName(positioningFeatureTable.fields)
?: return showError("The service table does not contain \"DateCreated\" fields.")
val queryParameters = QueryParameters().apply {
// set a limit of 1 on the number of returned features per request
maxFeatures = 1
// 1=1 is a true where clause which will result in all matching records being returned
whereClause = "1 = 1"
// find and sort out the orderByFields by most recent first
orderByFields.add(
OrderBy(
dateCreatedFieldName,
sortOrder = SortOrder.Descending
)
)
}
lifecycleScope.launch {
positioningFeatureTable.queryFeatures(queryParameters)
.onSuccess { queryResults ->
val featureResult = queryResults.first()
// perform search query using the queryParameters
// check if serviceFeatureTable contains positioning data
// The ID that identifies a row in the positioning table.
val globalID =
featureResult.attributes[positioningFeatureTable.globalIdField].toString()
val positioningId = Guid(globalID)
// Setting up IndoorsLocationDataSource with positioning, pathways tables and positioning ID.
// positioningTable - the "ips_positioning" feature table from an IPS-enabled map.
// pathwaysTable - An ArcGISFeatureTable that contains pathways as per the ArcGIS Indoors Information Model.
// Setting this property enables path snapping of locations provided by the IndoorsLocationDataSource.
// levelsTable - An ArcGISFeatureTable that contains floor levels in accordance with the ArcGIS Indoors Information Model.
// Providing this table enables the retrieval of a location's floor level ID.
// positioningID - an ID which identifies a specific row in the positioningTable that should be used for setting up IPS.
indoorsLocationDataSource = IndoorsLocationDataSource(
positioningFeatureTable,
getFeatureTable("Pathways"),
getFeatureTable("Levels"),
positioningId
)
// start the location display (blue dot)
startLocationDisplay()
}.onFailure {
showError("The positioning table contain no data")
}
}
}
/**
* Find the exact formatting of the name "DateCreated" in the list of ServiceFeatureTable [fields].
*/
private fun getDateCreatedFieldName(fields: List<Field>): String? {
val field = fields.find {
it.name.equals(
"DateCreated",
ignoreCase = true
) || it.name.equals("Date_Created", ignoreCase = true)
}
return field?.name
}
/**
* Retrieves the "Pathways" or the "levels" table depending on the string passed.
*/
private fun getFeatureTable(name: String): ArcGISFeatureTable? {
return mapView.map?.operationalLayers?.firstOrNull { operationalLayer ->
operationalLayer.name == name
}?.let { layer ->
if (layer is FeatureLayer) {
layer.featureTable as ArcGISFeatureTable
} else {
null
}
} ?: run {
showError("$name table not found")
null
}
}
/**
* Sets up the location listeners, the navigation mode, displays the devices location as a blue dot,
* collect data source location changes and handles its status changes
*/
private fun startLocationDisplay() {
val locationDisplay = mapView.locationDisplay.apply {
setAutoPanMode(LocationDisplayAutoPanMode.Navigation)
dataSource = indoorsLocationDataSource
?: return showError("Error setting the IndoorsLocationDataSource value.")
}
// coroutine scope to start the location display, which will in-turn start IndoorsLocationDataSource to start receiving IPS updates.
lifecycleScope.launch {
locationDisplay.dataSource.start()
}
// coroutine scope to collect data source location changes like currentFloor, positionSource, transmitterCount, networkCount and horizontalAccuracy
lifecycleScope.launch {
locationDisplay.dataSource.locationChanged.collect { location ->
// get the location properties of the LocationDataSource
val locationProperties = location.additionalSourceProperties
// retrieve information about the location of the device
val floor = locationProperties["floor"]?.toString() ?: ""
val positionSource = locationProperties["positionSource"]?.toString() ?: ""
val transmitterCount = locationProperties["transmitterCount"]?.toString() ?: ""
val satelliteCount = locationProperties["satelliteCount"]?.toString() ?: ""
// check if current floor hasn't been set or if the floor has changed
if (floor.isNotEmpty()) {
val newFloor = floor.toInt()
if (currentFloor == null || currentFloor != newFloor) {
currentFloor = newFloor
// update layer's definition express with the current floor
mapView.map?.operationalLayers?.forEach { layer ->
val name = layer.name
if (layer is FeatureLayer && name in listOf(
"Details",
"Units",
"Levels"
)
) {
layer.definitionExpression = "VERTICAL_ORDER = $currentFloor"
}
}
}
} else {
showError("Floors is empty.")
}
// set up the message with floor properties to be displayed to the textView
val sb = StringBuilder()
sb.append("Floor: $floor, ")
sb.append("Position-source: $positionSource, ")
val accuracy = DecimalFormat(".##").format(
location.horizontalAccuracy
)
sb.append("Horizontal-accuracy: ${accuracy}m, ")
sb.append(when (positionSource) {
Location.SourceProperties.Values.POSITION_SOURCE_GNSS -> "Satellite-count: $satelliteCount"
"BLE" -> "Transmitter-count: $transmitterCount"
else -> ""
}
)
textView.text = sb.toString()
}
}
lifecycleScope.launch {
// Handle status changes of IndoorsLocationDataSource
locationDisplay.dataSource.status.collect { status ->
when (status) {
LocationDataSourceStatus.Starting -> progressBar.visibility = View.VISIBLE
LocationDataSourceStatus.Started -> progressBar.visibility = View.GONE
LocationDataSourceStatus.FailedToStart -> {
progressBar.visibility = View.GONE
showError("Failed to start IndoorsLocationDataSource")
}
LocationDataSourceStatus.Stopped -> {
progressBar.visibility = View.GONE
showError("IndoorsLocationDataSource stopped due to an internal error")
}
else -> {}
}
}
}
}
/**
* Result of the user from location permissions request
*/
override fun onRequestPermissionsResult(
requestCode: Int,
permissions: Array<String>,
grantResults: IntArray
) {
super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults)
if (grantResults.isNotEmpty() && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// if location permissions accepted, start setting up IndoorsLocationDataSource
setUpMap()
} else {
val message = "Location permission is not granted"
Toast.makeText(this, message, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
Log.e(localClassName, message)
progressBar.visibility = View.GONE
}
}
/**
* Displays an error onscreen
*/
private fun showError(message: String) {
Log.e(localClassName, message)
Snackbar.make(mapView, message, Snackbar.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
}
}