Search for an address

Learn how to find an address or place with a search bar and the geocoding service.

Geocoding is the process of converting address or place text into a location. The geocoding service can search for an address or a place and perform reverse geocoding.

In this tutorial, you use a search bar in the user interface to access the Geocoding service and search for addresses and places.

Prerequisites

Steps

Get an access token

You need an access token to use the location services used in this tutorial.

1. Go to the Create an API key tutorial to obtain an access token.

2. Ensure that the following privileges are enabled: Location services > Basemaps > Basemap styles service and Location services > Geocoding.

3. Copy the access token as it will be used in the next step.

To learn more about other ways to get an access token, go to Types of authentication.

Open the Xcode project

1. To start the tutorial, complete the Display a map tutorial or download and unzip the solution.

2. Open the .xcodeproj file in Xcode.

3. In Xcode, in the Project Navigator, click MainApp.swift.

4. In the Editor, set the ArcGISEnvironment.apiKey property on the ArcGISEnvironment with your copied access token.

   MainApp.swift

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       init() {
           ArcGISEnvironment.apiKey = APIKey("<#YOUR-ACCESS-TOKEN#>")
       }
   

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Update the map

1. In Xcode, in the Project Navigator, click ContentView.swift.

2. In the editor, change the map and viewpoint into two separate @State variables so that the viewpoint can be changed as the geocode results change.

   ContentView.swift

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   struct ContentView: View {
   
       @State private var map = Map(basemapStyle: .arcGISImagery)
       @State private var viewpoint: Viewpoint? = Viewpoint(
           latitude: 34.02700,
           longitude: -118.80500,
           scale: 72_000
       )
   
   

3. Create a private class named Model of type ObservableObject and add a @StateObject variable of the Model to the ContentView. See the programming patterns page for more information on how to manage states.

   ContentView.swift

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   import SwiftUI
   
   import ArcGIS
   
   private class Model: ObservableObject {
   
   }
   
   struct ContentView: View {
   
       @StateObject private var model = Model()
   
   }

4. Create a GraphicsOverlay named graphicsOverlay in the Model class. A graphics overlay is a container for graphics.

   More info

   A graphics overlay is a container for graphics. It is used with a map view to display graphics on a map. You can add more than one graphics overlay to a map view. Graphics overlays are displayed on top of all the other layers.

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   private class Model: ObservableObject {
   
       let graphicsOverlay: GraphicsOverlay
   
   }
   

5. Lastly, add the viewpoint and graphics overlay to the map view.

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       var body: some View {
   
           MapView(map: map, viewpoint: viewpoint, graphicsOverlays: [model.graphicsOverlay])
   
       }
   

Add graphics

Graphics are added as a visual means to display the search result on the map.

1. Create a private property named textGraphic in the Model class. This graphic will be used to display the result's text label.

   More info

   A TextSymbol is used to display text at a location on the map view.

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   private class Model: ObservableObject {
   
       let graphicsOverlay: GraphicsOverlay
   
       let textGraphic: Graphic = {
           let textSymbol = TextSymbol(
               text: "",
               color: .black,
               size: 14,
               horizontalAlignment: .center,
               verticalAlignment: .bottom
           )
           textSymbol.backgroundColor = .white
           return Graphic(symbol: textSymbol)
       }()
   
   }
   

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2. Create a private property named markerGraphic in the Model class. This graphic will be used to display the result's location.

   More info

   A SimpleMarkerSymbol is used to display a location on the map view.

   ContentView.swift

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   private class Model: ObservableObject {
   
       let graphicsOverlay: GraphicsOverlay
   
       let textGraphic: Graphic = {
           let textSymbol = TextSymbol(
               text: "",
               color: .black,
               size: 14,
               horizontalAlignment: .center,
               verticalAlignment: .bottom
           )
           textSymbol.backgroundColor = .white
           return Graphic(symbol: textSymbol)
       }()
   
       let markerGraphic: Graphic = {
           let markerSymbol = SimpleMarkerSymbol(
               style: .square,
               color: .red,
               size: 14
           )
           return Graphic(symbol: markerSymbol)
       }()
   
   }
   

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3. Create an init function for the Model class. Create a GraphicsOverlay with the textGraphic and markerGraphic and assign it to the model's graphics overlay. This function will be called when Model is initialized.

   More info

   Because textGraphic and markerGraphic haven't yet specified a Geometry, they will not be visible.

   ContentView.swift

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   private class Model: ObservableObject {
   
       let graphicsOverlay: GraphicsOverlay
   
       let textGraphic: Graphic = {
           let textSymbol = TextSymbol(
               text: "",
               color: .black,
               size: 14,
               horizontalAlignment: .center,
               verticalAlignment: .bottom
           )
           textSymbol.backgroundColor = .white
           return Graphic(symbol: textSymbol)
       }()
   
       let markerGraphic: Graphic = {
           let markerSymbol = SimpleMarkerSymbol(
               style: .square,
               color: .red,
               size: 14
           )
           return Graphic(symbol: markerSymbol)
       }()
   
       init() {
           graphicsOverlay = GraphicsOverlay(graphics: [textGraphic, markerGraphic])
       }
   
   }
   

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Create a locator task with geocode parameters

Geocoding is implemented with a locator, typically created by referencing a service such as the Geocoding service or, for offline geocoding, by referencing locator data contained in a mobile package. Geocoding parameters can be used to fine-tune the results, such as setting the maximum number of results or requesting additional attributes in the results.

1. Create a LocatorTask property in the Model, named locator, based on the Geocoding service.

   More info

   A locator task is used to convert an address to a point (geocode) or vice-versa (reverse geocode). An address includes any type of information that distinguishes a place. A locator involves finding matching locations for a given address. Reverse-geocoding is the opposite and finds the closest address for a given point.

   ContentView.swift

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   private class Model: ObservableObject {
   
       let graphicsOverlay: GraphicsOverlay
   
       let locator = LocatorTask(
           url: URL(string: "https://geocode-api.arcgis.com/arcgis/rest/services/World/GeocodeServer")!
       )
   
       let textGraphic: Graphic = {
           let textSymbol = TextSymbol(
               text: "",
               color: .black,
               size: 14,
               horizontalAlignment: .center,
               verticalAlignment: .bottom
           )
           textSymbol.backgroundColor = .white
           return Graphic(symbol: textSymbol)
       }()
   
       let markerGraphic: Graphic = {
           let markerSymbol = SimpleMarkerSymbol(
               style: .square,
               color: .red,
               size: 14
           )
           return Graphic(symbol: markerSymbol)
       }()
   
       init() {
           graphicsOverlay = GraphicsOverlay(graphics: [textGraphic, markerGraphic])
       }
   
   }
   

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2. In the ContentView, create a private String variable named searchText with the @State property wrapper. This will hold the user input and be used to perform the geocode operation.

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   struct ContentView: View {
   
       @StateObject private var model = Model()
   
       @State private var map = Map(basemapStyle: .arcGISImagery)
       @State private var viewpoint: Viewpoint? = Viewpoint(
           latitude: 34.02700,
           longitude: -118.80500,
           scale: 72_000
       )
   
       @State private var searchText: String = ""
   
       var body: some View {
   
           MapView(map: map, viewpoint: viewpoint, graphicsOverlays: [model.graphicsOverlay])
   
       }
   
   }

3. Create a private, asynchronous function named geocode(with:). This function will be called when the user inputs an address.

   ContentView.swift

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   struct ContentView: View {
   
       @StateObject private var model = Model()
   
       @State private var map = Map(basemapStyle: .arcGISImagery)
       @State private var viewpoint: Viewpoint? = Viewpoint(
           latitude: 34.02700,
           longitude: -118.80500,
           scale: 72_000
       )
   
       @State private var searchText: String = ""
   
       private func geocode(with searchText: String) async throws {
   
       }
   
       var body: some View {
   
           MapView(map: map, viewpoint: viewpoint, graphicsOverlays: [model.graphicsOverlay])
   
       }
   
   }

4. Within the new function, create GeocodeParameters, and its attributes as follows:

   • Specify which attributes to return with addResultAttributeName. * is used to return all attributes.
   • Set the maximum number of results to be returned with maxResults. In this tutorial, only return the best match by passing in 1. Results are ordered by score, so just returning the first result will return the highest scoring result.
   • Set the spatial reference with outputSpatialReference. By default the output spatial reference is determined by the geocode service. For optimal performance when displaying the geocode result, ensure the returned coordinates match those of the map view by providing mapView.spatialReference as a parameter.
   More info

   When geocoding an address, you can optionally provide GeocodeParameters to control certain aspects of the geocoding operation, and specify the kinds of results to return from the locator task.

   ContentView.swift

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       private func geocode(with searchText: String) async throws {
   
           let parameters = GeocodeParameters()
           parameters.addResultAttributeName("*")
           parameters.maxResults = 1
           parameters.outputSpatialReference = map.spatialReference
   
       }
   

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5. Perform the geocode operation by calling geocode(forSearchText:using:) and supplying the search text and the geocode parameters. The result obtained from the geocode operation will be displayed as a graphic in the map view's graphics overlay.

   ContentView.swift

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       private func geocode(with searchText: String) async throws {
   
           let parameters = GeocodeParameters()
           parameters.addResultAttributeName("*")
           parameters.maxResults = 1
           parameters.outputSpatialReference = map.spatialReference
   
           let geocodeResults = try await model.locator.geocode(forSearchText: searchText, using: parameters)
           if let firstResult = geocodeResults.first,
              let extent = firstResult.extent,
              let location = firstResult.displayLocation,
              let symbol = model.textGraphic.symbol as? TextSymbol {
               viewpoint = Viewpoint(boundingGeometry: extent)
               model.markerGraphic.geometry = location
               model.textGraphic.geometry = location
               symbol.text = firstResult.label
           }
   
       }
   

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Add a search bar to the UI

To search an address using the application, add a UI element to prompt the user for text input.

1. In the body, add an overlay to the MapView. Set the alignment to the top, add padding all around, and set the background.

   ContentView.swift

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       var body: some View {
   
           MapView(map: map, viewpoint: viewpoint, graphicsOverlays: [model.graphicsOverlay])
   
               .overlay(alignment: .top) {
   
                   .padding(EdgeInsets(top: 60, leading: 10, bottom: 10, trailing: 10))
                   .background(.thinMaterial, ignoresSafeAreaEdges: .horizontal)
               }
   
       }
   

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2. Within the overlay, add the following:

   • TextField: Pass in "Enter address" as the titleKey and the searchText variable as a binding for the text parameter
   • Spacer(): Add space in between the text field and button.
   • Button: Label it "Search" and using a Task method, call the geocode(with:) function and pass in searchText
   ContentView.swift

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       var body: some View {
   
           MapView(map: map, viewpoint: viewpoint, graphicsOverlays: [model.graphicsOverlay])
   
               .overlay(alignment: .top) {
   
                   HStack {
                       TextField("Enter address", text: $searchText)
                       Spacer()
                       Button("Search") {
                           Task {
                               try await geocode(with: searchText)
                           }
                       }
                   }
   
                   .padding(EdgeInsets(top: 60, leading: 10, bottom: 10, trailing: 10))
                   .background(.thinMaterial, ignoresSafeAreaEdges: .horizontal)
               }
   
       }
   

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3. Press Command + R to run the app.

   More info

   If you are using the Xcode simulator your system must meet these minimum requirements: macOS Monterey 12.5, Xcode 15, iOS 17. If you are using a physical device, then refer to the system requirements.

   You should see a search box at the top of the map. Search for an address by entering an address and tap the Search button. The result of the search should display on the map as a red square with the address displayed on top.